C A K 



C A L 



if:nt. His prngvefs here in Greek and Latin, as well as in 

 t.ic knowledge of anatomy and nxdicine, equalled tlie pro- 

 ii.ilos of li'S early years ; as was evinced by his tranflations 

 ;.;id commentaries on various parts of the works of Hijipo- 

 i rates, Galen, Scribonius La^is, 5cc. corrtfling the errors 

 4 1 the tranfcrihers, an<! elucidating and explaiiiinir the mote 

 (.lilaL-uk paffjges. Witli the view of hearing other piofef- 

 f; IS, a;id of examining ancient manufcripts, he vifited mod 

 or' the principal cities of Italy. At Bologna he rcfided fome 

 tunc, and there took his degree of Dodt<;r of Medicine, in 

 I ,41. He then returned to Padua, and in conjunAion 

 \' iih Realdus Cohimbns, read ledureson the Greek text of 

 \;:llo;le. In 1544, he came to England, and tor fome 

 ; .K read leftures in anatomy to the corporation of furgeons in 

 j.uudon. He atlerv\-ard3 pradtifed medicine at Shrewfbury, 

 M 'lere he was at the time when the fweating ficknefs ma(ie 

 it:, appearance in 1551 ; of which he pubhllicd a popular 

 account, with the view of inftrufting Ins countrymen in the 

 nature of ibe comphint, and of tlie methods he tliought moil 

 proper for oppoGiig its progrefs. This he afterwards, in 

 155U, publirtud rigain in Latin, much enlarged and im- 

 proved, under the title of " De Ephemera Biitannica." As 

 it contained an accurate defcription of the difeafe, whatever 

 might be the value or the efficacy of the practice, it was 

 thouglit defciviuj of being preferved, and was reprinted in 

 1 72 1, i2mo. His reputation for learning and abilities 

 being cftabliHied, he was admitted a fellow of the College 

 of Pnyficians in 1547. He was alfo appointed phyfician to 

 king Edward the Sixth, and in fucccfiion to the queens 

 Mary and Elizabeth. To the College 01 Phyficians lie was 

 a warm and llrenuous friend, and on the death of Linacre, 

 under whom it was founded, he was appointed prcfidcnt, 

 whicli office he held for feven years. Duiing this time, lie 

 revifed their laws, appointed inlignia for the prefidcnt, and, 

 to encourage the lludy of anatomy, he obtained a grart of 

 the bodies of two malefaftots esery year, to be dilfected" 

 under the direction of the College. He alfo drew up their 

 annals in Latin, or an account of their inllituiion, with a 

 journal of their proceedings, which he left with the College. 

 Mindful of his alma mater, he obtained from Queen Mary 

 a power of ereAing Gi-nvil Hall into a College, adding to 

 its endowments, provifions for three fellows, and twenty 

 fcholars. He added an entire new court to the College, 

 and btiilt three gates. They colt him together 18J4I. The 

 improvements were begun in 1557 ; when completed he was 

 made mader of the College, and continued in that poll un- 

 til a Ihort time before his death, when he rtfigiicd it to Dr. 

 Legge, b'.:t itill refided as a fellow commoner ; and died 

 there in 157JJ, aged 63 years, having in his lait illnels fup- 

 ported himfelf by woman's milk. On his tomb, by his di- 

 rection, was engraved, " Fui Caius." Belides his verfions 

 from the Greek, and the " Ephemera Britannica," he p :b- 

 lidied " De Canib'is Bntannicis," 1570, infertedentireby Mr. 

 Pennant in his Britifli Ziology ; to which were added 

 " Hillorix rariorum Animalium," originally printed in 

 Gefner's collettion : alfo, " De Libris propriis," and " De 

 Antiquitate Cantab. Academias ;" and from numerous 

 unedited manuTcripts, appears to have pLOJeCled various 

 other works. Haller's Bib. Med. et Anat. Aikin's Biog. 

 Mem. of Medicine in Great Britain. 



CAJUS, \n E,!tomo!o^y, a fpecies of P.iPiLio [Hefpena 

 Fabr.), having entire brown wings, with a bluifn dilk : 

 beneath, varied with cinereous and white, with brown oceU 

 llar dots. Inhabits India. 



C-AIX, in Geography, a town of Fiance, in the de- 



ipartment of the Somme ; i:i miles E. of Amiens 

 CAKEj afiacrfort o£ bread, denominated tro 



om its flat, 



round (iguif. We meet with divers compofitior.s under the 

 name of cakes ; as fced-cakes, made of flour, butter, crean-, 

 fugar, coriander and caraway-feeds, mace, and other fpiccs 

 and perfume-, baked in the ov^n ; plum-cakes, made 

 much after the fat e manner, only with fewer feeds, and 

 the addition of currants ; pan-cakes, made of a mixture of 

 flour, eggs, &c. frieJ ; checfe-cikes, made of cream, eggs, 

 and llour, with or without clitefe-curd, butter, almonds, 

 &c. ; oat-cakes made of fine oaten flour, iiiixt with yead, 

 and fometimcs without, rolled thin, and laid on an iron 

 or ftoiic to bake over a flow fire ; fugar-cakes, made of 

 fine fugar beaten and fearced with the hnell flour, adding 

 butter, rofe- water, and fpiccs; ro({: cakts, p/aceiiU ro/jcee, 

 are leaves of rofes diitd and prcfhd into a mafs, fold in the 

 fliops for cpithems. SeeEnTHi-M. 



Cake of Copper, denotes a quantity from i^lb. to one 

 hundred-weight. 



C.VKE, in Rural Econamy, a term applied by farmers to- 

 the iubllance which reniains after the oil has been cxpreffed 

 from flax and rape feeds. Cakes made from the firfl; of 

 thcfe feeds, are mucii employed in the feeding and fatten- 

 ing of bullocks, and other fort of cattle. Thcfe fubftances 

 have likewife, (onietimes, been made ufe of for the pur- 

 pofe of manure, efpi-cially when made from the latter ma- 

 terial. See OlL-CAKE. 



Chv-t-tvax, a denomination fomclimcs given to the white 

 or virgin-wax. 



C&KS-foiip, (lands diftinguiilK'd from foft-foap and ball- 

 foap. See Soap. 



CAKET, in Geography, a town and capital of a country in 

 Afia, in the northern part of Perfia, near mount Caucafus, 

 trading principally in hlk. N. lat. 43° 2'. E. long. 46° 4'. 



CAKILE, in Bottwy, (Tournefortr Gxrtner, and Vea- 

 tenat.) See BuNiAS. 



CALA, laGcography, a town ofSpain,in the country ofSe- 

 ville, on the bordersof Ellramadura ; 14 miles S. of Lerena. 



Cala. See El Callah. 



CALAB.A, in Botany. (Plumier.) See Calophylluk. 



CALABAR, or Calbari, iu Geography, a country of 

 Africa in the kingdom of Benin, or Upper Guinea, ufually 

 dilliiiguilhed into New and Old Calabar, with a river of 

 the fame name in each. The entrance into New Galaba is 

 in N. lat. 4° 30'. W. long. 9° 10'. That :nto Old Ca 

 labar is in N. lat. 4° 32'. W. long. 10° 28'. The Dutch 

 carry on a confiderable trade with this country. See 



B E N' I N . 



C.YL ABASH, in Botany. See Cucursita Ptpo. 



CALABASH/n-f. See Ckescentia. 



Calabash, African. See Adansonia and Baobab. 

 The word is Spanifli, calahaca, wnich fignilics the fame. 

 The Indians, both of the North and South fea, put the 

 pearls they have fiflied in calabajhes, and the negroes on the 

 coall of Africa >L^ the fame by their gold-diift. The finaller 

 calabaflies are alfo frequently uled by thefc people as a mea- 

 fure, by which they fell thefe precious commodities to the 

 Europeans. 



CALABASH-^a)', in Geography, lies on the S.W. fide of 

 the iiland of Jamaica, between Flint bay on the eafl, and 

 Swift's river on the weft, and affords good anchorage. 



CALABER, QtMNTUS, in Bhgraphy, a Greek poet, 

 fuppofed to have flouridied under the emperor Anallafius I, 

 about the year 491, and to have derived his name from Ca- 

 labria, tliough he relided chiefly at Smyrna. He is known 

 as the author of a poem, confilling of 14 books, on the 

 " Paralipomena" of Homer, or the events of the Trojan 

 war, not reliited by that poet, and commended for its ele- 

 gant verfification. It was difcovercd by cardinal BeCfarion, 

 6 in 



