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ftiiiing; prickles recurved, fpadix tliick, with ftiort branches". 

 Poiret. Sli-ms fmooth, glofTy, marked wilh dark fpots : 

 jiitcrnodcs three ftet lon^j, or niorL-, unequal, l.ea-ocs, winged; 

 leaflets, fword ihaped, acuminate ; armed, as wtli as the 

 petioles, with (hort, recurvt-d, prickles. FIniucrs, few, but 

 ratlier crowded ou the brandies of tlie fp:idlx. Berry, glo- 

 bular, of a moderate fize, and a clear yellow colour. Seed, 

 one, globular. It grows abundantly on both fides of the 

 ftraits of Malacca, whence it ia exported into China and Eu- 

 rope ; and on aceount of its Iom't internodes and glolfy fur- 

 face, has been lonf; preferred for walking canes. 4. C. iw- 

 n/.r. Lour. (Palmijuncus verus : Rumph. t. 54, rotang var. 

 5. Linn.) " Prickles of the Rem horizontal; fpadix ere ft ; 

 three of the leaflets of the calyx very loni;," Willd. Stem, 

 fmgle and not, as in other fp^cies, fcveral from the fame 

 root ; more than a hundred feet high, and about the thick- 

 nefs of a man's finger ; very flexible, ard of a ycllowilh brown' 

 colour: internodes very long, almoft equal. I.eai^ei Ion?, 

 winged ; leaflets ovate lanceolate, three-nerved. Spmlixes 

 racemed. Spdlhes oblong, prickly. The three interior 

 leaflets of the calyx wlutifli, havin^T the appearance of pe- 

 tals. B.~rry rather large, brown : common in forells in the 

 Eall Indies. Its ftem cut into thongs, is ufed to make ca- 

 bles and other ropes, cane chairs, and many kinds of, houf- 

 hold furniture. Jj. C. fecund'ijlorus. Beanvois, t. 9, 10. 

 " Leaves, vinged, flexible, reflexed, gibbous at the bafe, 

 cultrate at the margin ; leaflets prickly at the bafe." A 

 flirub. Lsavei, long, winged, without leaflets at their fum- 

 mits, but armed with feveral pairs of large prickles ; oppo- 

 fite, almoit triangular witliout, flat, or a little concave 

 ■within ; leaflets prieiily at their edges. Cnly.t, with three 

 (hort exterior divifions in the form of feales ; the three inner 

 ones longer. Sth^ma, capitate, almoll trifid. Berry, nearly 

 globular. A native of Africa, in the kingdom of Keniii. 

 By the means of the prickles on the edges of its leaflets, it 

 firmly attache* itfelf to other plants ; and its own leaves, 

 which hang down to the ground, are fo clofely entangled 

 together, that each flirub forms an impenetrable bufh, which 

 affords a fure defence to the fmaller animals agaiuft their 

 numerous enemies. M. Beauvois has fecn the nells of tlie 

 termites in the kingdom of Benia fo compleatly covered 

 by thefe (hriibs, as fcarcely to leave a paflage for the fmallell 

 bird. 6. C. eimarus. Lour. " Prickles crowded, fliort ; 

 leafl^ets linear; fpaJixcs remote; fpathes partial." Skeins, 

 about the thickncls ol a finger, abuut fixty feet h'gh, hard- 

 irt), even, pale-coloured ; internodes long, lound, al.-uoll 

 equal. A native of Cocliinchina. It is ufed for the fame 

 purpofes as the preceding, and is more durable, 7. C. e/raco, 

 Willd. (rotang var. &, Linn. Pahnijiuicus Draco, Rumph. 

 t. 58. f. I.) " Prickles of the ftem prcfTcd clofe to it ; of 

 the leaves fprtading ; fpadix tred." Willd. InUrnoifes 

 from two to three feet long, of the thicknefs of a Jiiiger, 

 unequal. Leiijlets alternate, linear, acuminate, narrowed 

 at their bafe, bcfct with a few hairs. Spitdix branched into 

 fmall, flnort racemes. Berries egg-fliaped, about the fi/e 

 of a hazel nut, terminated by a blunt point. Seedonc, fmooth, 

 oval. From this fpecies is obtained the gum, coinmoidy 

 called Dragor's bio d. 8. C. 'I'grr, Willd. (v;ir. /3, Linn. 

 Palmijuncus niger, Rumph. t. 2J.) " Prickles of ti";e Hem 

 and of the leaves horizontal ; fpadix compafl, peiuUilous," 

 Willd. Stems thick, armed wi;li prickles, which enter 

 tafily into the fkin and then break off. Leaves very long, 

 alternate, winged ; lealetn alternate, ftraight, narrowed al- 

 moft into a petiole at their bale, acuminate. Spadix^s ax- 

 illary, in tnft(d racemes. Berries, globular, Icarcely the 

 Cze of a fmall pea. A native of the Eaft Indies. Its lUms 

 do not ealjly fplit, and are fo irregular in their Ibape, that 



8 



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they are not of the fame ufc as feveral of the other fpeci<»» 

 9. C. tiimina/ls. Willd. (rotangvar. 1, L'lin. Palmijuncus vi- 

 niinalis Rumph. t. '■,5.) " Prickles of the IKm fpreading ; 

 of the leaves, diftaiit, reflexed : fpadix nodding :" Willd. 

 Stems, about the thicknefs of a goofc-quill : interiiodrs, about 

 a foot long on the lower part, fliortcr near the fiimmit» 

 where they are armed with (liai^dit, horizontal, rery fine 

 prickles. Leaves alternate, diilart, winged; j-tiolei 

 lengthened beyond the leaflets; leaflet.", flia'glit, long, acu- 

 minate, armed with reflexed prickles. Spndixes axillary, 

 branched in rather fpreading laecmcs. Fkzucrs pcduncled, 

 almoll oppolite. Bmiis very fmall. A native of moilk 

 torcfls in J.iva and the Celebes Iflands. Its fleinsanfwcr the 

 piirpoles of ozier, and divided into (lireds, make feveral 

 kinds ol hourtiold furniture. 10. C. cqmjhis. Willd. (ro- 

 tang, var. ^ Linn. P.;lmijnncus equeflrin, Riiniph. t. •';6. 

 and t. ,^7. f. I.) " Prickles of the Item ereft, fpre'ading ;' of 

 the leaves hooked : leaflets elliptic: fpadix erecl." Willd. 

 Stems flender, very fupple : inurnodes fliort, eqi!..l, fmooth, 

 furniflied near their fiimmit with alternate, winged leaves ; 

 L^eafiits, alternate, from eight to ten inches long : pctioiet 

 extended beyond the leaflets, but prickly to the end. Bir' 

 ries round, about the fize of a pea. A native of humid, 

 rocky places, in the ifland of Amboina. It is in general 

 ule in the Eall Indies as a riding cane. -ii. C. dioiciis. 

 Lour. " Stem very flender; leaves and prickles flioiter; 

 flowers dioicous." Nearly allied to the two preceding. It 

 may pofPibly be only a variety of one of them : or it per* 

 haps is an iiirermediate fpecies. Stems fl'.'iidcr, fcarce-lv the 

 thiekncfs of a goofe-qiiill, twenty feet high, very flexible' 

 and regular, p.ile and gloffy ; internodes a foot hnig; leaves 

 winged. Ca/yx with fix unequal divifions ; the three inner 

 ones refcmbling petals, white, ovate-lanceolate, ilriated. 

 A native of Cochinchina, on the banks of rivers. 12. C. 

 ^(dMca, Willd. Gaert. Tab. 139. f. i. Lam. PI. 77:. fg. 2. 

 copied from Gartner. ( C. rotang. v.ir. >i, Linii ; Zalacca,, 

 feu rotang zalak, Rumph. t. 57. f. .•. Fruftus Baly infiilx-' 

 pyriformis, J. Bai h. Hilt. p. 401, with a figure.) ■' Prickles 

 fpreading; fpadix radical, " Willd. Sttm, none. Lctives, 

 in a tutt.from the crown uf the root, from ten to twelve feet 

 long, winged; leafle.s long, aenniin:,tt ; petioles ilrong, 

 ftta'ght, fpreading, prickly. Sparlixes racemed, nearly ra- 

 dical. Berries rather large, top-Qiaped, of an ifrtgnlar 

 form from their preflure againft each other ; rind thin, pa- 

 pery ; feales foir.ewhat cartilaginous; the upper ones 

 ered, linear; the reft prefl"ed dole, imbricated downward ; 

 marked with a raifcd line along the middle, and a little re- 

 flexed at the tip, fo as to make the berry rough to the 

 touch. Seeds three, fixed to the bottom of the berry, two 

 genendly abortive, nearly globular, with a fmall umbilical 

 fungous, thick, rather lieart-flir.pcd lobe affixed to them 

 below. Gxrt. Fruit raliier larger than a pear, of a [dcaf.uit 

 acid fliivour, v.liich has been compared to that of the pine- 

 apple. They arc eaten either raw or pickled, and are a gc-. 

 neral fea-ftore. A native of Java, and other parts of the 

 Eaft Indies. This fpecies has the habit of a palm, and con- 

 netlsthe others with the Sago Palm. See Saci'S. 



CvLAMU.s, in ylncunl Geography, a place fitiiated on the 

 Thracian Bofphoius, which is faid to have taken its name 

 from the quantity of rofes which grew there. 



Calav.vs iiroiii»lieus,\n Bo/any. SeeAcoRus Caleimus. 

 Calamus aiicupatorius, or calamus JlruHus, among Futulcrty 

 fig ni fie 8 a bird call. 



Calamus iiuiicus pelrifaHus, in the Natural Mi/lory of ths 

 Anctents, a r.ime given to a fubllance found often in the 

 foffite kingdo.-n i.fually of about three inches long, half an 

 inch bruad, and one tiiird ot an inch thick, and covered all 



ovtr 



