C A I. 

 CALDERSBURG, a townfliip of Oilean& coont^s in 



iilcs ^S^ of Conncfticiit river. 



tl.c iUu of Vermont, Amcnca, about Jjl miles. N.E. from 



C A L 



it ; and it is certain, that it made a great imprtffion m 

 Eiiglaiidi and was very much admirtd by all avowed Piiri-' 

 tans, ar.d by fucii as were well-wifhers to their opinions. 

 Tlie modern dilTciiters, however, would not concur in many 

 of the airthor"* fentiments ; nor would they contend for the 

 " Jus Diviniwi" of Prefbyteriariifjn. Soon after tlie publi- 

 cation of this work, Mr. Calderwood return<?d to Scotland, 

 and lived privately for fevcral years. As his fituation was 

 unknown, and he had been affliftcd in .1624, with a long | 

 and dangerous fit of ficknefs, a perfon, vvhofe name was.', 

 Patrick Scot, taking it for granted that he was dead, wrota'| 

 a recantation in his name, parportingj that before his de* 

 ceafc, he had changed his fentiments ; but when this impof* 

 ture was detefted, he went over to Holland, and made di- 

 l-o-ent fearch for him, with a defigji, as Mr. Calderaood 

 believed, to have difpatched him. Diuing his retirementj 

 it is not unlikely, fuch were his talents and temper, that hff 

 wrote feveral books againft the proceedings of the cler- 

 gy in Scotland. But it is more certain that he era- 

 ployed himfelf in diligently collefting all the memorials- 

 relative to the ecclefiaftical affairs of that kingdom, from the 

 commencement of the reformation to his own time. Thefe 

 he digefted and methodized with great care, and the wholis 

 is extant in MS. in the library of the Univerfity of Glafgow^ 

 in fix folio volumes. Of thefe, an extract has been pub.: 



Beoaiacrtoi), a"<l n miles — 



CALDERWOOn, Davio, w Bicgraph, a prelbyte- 

 iian diMne of the church of Scotlant!, was the defcendant 

 of a R.H.d family iu that kingdom ; and being early ddlnied 

 to ll.c minillr^•,■ he acquired, in the courfe of his education, 

 an extiiifue aciiuauuance with thofe lubjeds that were pe- 

 culiarly appropriate to his profcfiion. About the year 1604, 

 he was fittled at Crelling near Jedburgh. Zealoufly at- 

 tached to the Prefbyteriaii cllabliflimeiit, he dilapproved the 

 projca formed by king lames 1. of Great Britain, tor bring- 

 inc the church of Scotland to a nearer conformity with that 

 of England; and when Mr. James Law, the bifhop of 

 Orkney, made a vilitation of the prelbytcries of Mcrfe and 

 Tiviotdale, as a preliminary towards airuming epifcopal 

 powers, he declined his jurifdiaion by a paper under his 

 hand, dated May >;, 160B. Thus did he commence that 

 rcfitlance to the meafures of the king and epilcopal party, 

 which uniformly direded and influenced his future conduft. 

 Accordingly, he did not affitl at the general afTembly held 

 at Glafgow, June S, 1610, in which lord Dunbar, the 

 liigh-treafurer of Scotland, prefided as commiftioner ; and 

 it appears from his writings, that he regarded all the traiifr 



aaioiis of this aiTembly as null and void. He alfo excepted ^ ^, ,7,1 r 1 ^, - , 



againft the proceedings of another general afltmbly held hlhed, under the title of " 1 ne true Hiitory of the Church 

 in 1^16, at Aberdeen. When a parliament was held by of Scotland," pnnted in 1618, which comes down to the 

 the king in the following year at Edinburgh, and the clergy death cf king James. Although the perufal of this workj 

 met, at the fame time, in one of the churche?, in order to on account both of its fpirit andftyle, cannot be agreeable. 



confer with the bifhops, thus contriving an afTembly which 

 was intendrd to rcfeinble the Engliih convocation ; Mr. 

 C.dderwood, though he attende.-l, publicly declared, that he 

 did not confider any fuch meetings as refembling a convoca- 

 tion : and when he v/as informed that a bill was depending 

 to empower the king, with the advice of the archbilhop, 

 bilhops, and fuch a number of the minillry as his majelly 

 might think proper, to confider and conclude as to matters 

 decent for the external policy of the church, not repugnant 

 to the word of God ; and that fnch conchifions fliould have 

 the force of ecclefiaftical laws; he concurred, with other mi- 

 nifters,. in a formal proteft againft the meakire, for reafons 

 which were fubjoined. This protell was prefented ; and 

 though the clerk-regifter refufed to read it before the ftates 

 in parliament, it had its effeft ; for although the bill had 

 the coiifent of parliament, yet the king thought fit to fct it 

 afide, and foon after called a gencial aiTembly at St. An- 

 drew's. In confeqnence of this protelt, Mr. Calderwood 

 was fummoned before the high-commiffion court at St. An- 

 drew's, on the charge of mutinous and feditious behaviour. 



The king was prefent, and examined him in perfon ; but 



Calderwood defended himfelf with fuch fpirit and prefence 



of m nd, p;rfillingin hisrefulal to acknowledge that he had 



been guilty of any crime, that he was firft committed to 



prifoii ; and then fentenced, by the privy council, to banifh 



himfelf out of the king's dominions, and not to return with- 

 out licence. All his efforts for mitigating this fentence 



proving incffeftual, he retired to Holland, where he fteadily 



maintained his former principles, and in 1623, publiflied his 



famous book, entitled " Altare Damafcenum, feu Ecclefia 



Anglican! Pohtia, Ecclefise Scoticanx obtrufa, a Forma- 



hfta quodam dchneata, illuftrata £t cxaminata." This work 



contains a clofe and ri|^orous examination of the polity of be (heltered from all 



and the reprcfentations contaiaed in it mull have acquiied a 

 ftrong tinge from party ; it has, neverthelefs, been always 

 regarded as a fource of much authentic information. How 

 much longer the author furvived is not known ; but it feems 

 probable, from his mentioning the death of Robert Bruce, 

 which happened in l6jl, that he lived pretty far in the 

 reign of Charles 1. ; and we find that he was minifter of 

 Pencaitli-land, near Edinburgh, in i6j8. Biog. Bnt. 



CALDONAZZO, in Geography, a lake of Germany, 

 in the county of Tyrol ; 8 miles E.S.E. of Trent. 



CALDRON, a large kitchen utenfil, cornmonly made 

 of copper; having a moveable iron handle, whereby to hang 

 it on the chimney-hook^ 



The word is formed from the French chaudron, or rather 

 the Latin caldarium. 



Caldrons, boiling in, caldariis decoquert, is a capital 



punilhment fpoken of in the middle age writers, decreed to 



divers forts of criminals, but chiefly to debafers of the colnj 



One of the torments inflicted on the ancient Chriftian 



martyrs was boihng in caldrons of water, oil, &c. 



CALDUBA, in Ancient Geography, a town of Spain, 

 placed by Ptolemy inBstica, in theterritorv of the Turdetanij 

 CALDUENDO, in Geography, a town of Spain in the 

 province of Guipufcoa ; 8 leagues eaft of Vittoria^ 



CALDY, a fmall ifland in the gr^at bay of Carmarthen,, 

 in South Wales ; on its weft fide, at S.S.E. from Tenby, 

 forming an inner limit on that fide to the bay, though it 

 ftretches out circuitoufiy to St. Gouan's point. It is about 

 3 miles from Tenby, and 5 leagues almpft weft from Wormf- 

 head, and has upon it a white tower appearing at a diftance 

 white fail, and fcrving to (hew where the land 

 ps may anchor on every fide of this ifland, and 



hke 



Shi 



• u IT 1 n. u 1 J ■ L J • L- ,- , ' ■ winds. N. lat. ';i°3j'. W. long, c" in. 



the En^hlh church under vanous heads, m which the on- CALE, or Kale, ,n Botary. See Brass. CA, Borecole, 



|rin and aiithonty ot epilcopacy, and all the other points of and Crambe. 

 difference, between that and the Prefbytcrian churches, are 



iiifcuffed King James is faid to have exprefled a high opi- GALEA, in* Botany, °Linn. gen." Q+'iV'Schreb. 127-7. 



luonoflhiiwork, though he was estremely difpleafed with WiUd. 1466, Juff. p. i8j. G«rt. 975. Giafs and order ■ 



fyngeneji^ 



Cale, in Scripture Geography. See Calah. 



