C A I. 



'C-ccdfcl, he employed bis men in cuttinpr Jowii trees for eredl- 

 iiijT tr. pliics on acccnint of his figr.al vifiory. After his 

 return lie opprifTfJ the province of Gaul with enormous 

 exift'ons and confii'cations, in order to fill his cxh.au'led 

 treafury. In a prctciided expedition afjainft Britain, he 

 inarched his whole army to the coafl oppofite to the id ind, 

 and having advanced in a ma^riiificcn;: jjalley to a fniall 

 dillance from the fliore, he fuddenly returned and or;'ercd a 

 fignal of battle to be given ; after which the foldiers, who 

 were allonilhed at this farce, were directed to fill their 

 helmets wi'Ai cockle-fliclls ; and the whole ended in a trifling 

 donative to the viftorious troops. This folly was fucceedcd 

 by a very ferious dcfign of cruelty, which was that of mafla- 

 cring or at kail ot decimating all the legions of the German 

 army, which had mutinied, in his infancy, againft his father 

 Gtrmgnicus ; but the legionarico, fufpefting his intention, 

 txiok up their arms ; and the favage fled hnllily to Rome, 

 and wreaked his vengeance on the pallive fenate. His na- 

 tural ferocity was exafperated by the difcovery of a plot, 

 which had been formed againft him, for which many perfons 

 ■fnfVi.red death, and his fillers were banifncd and defpoiled of 

 their property. At length he feems to have refolved upon 

 the death of the whole fenate and principal knights ; buf 

 his deligns were rendered abortive by the refcntnient of 

 ■Caflius Chorea, tribune of a pratorian cohort, whom the 

 emperor had made the fiibjedt of his indecent jeiis and 

 raillery ; accordingly he determined to difpatch the monfter, 

 and to make an cflort for the reftoration of a free govern- 

 ment. Availing hlmfelf of the concurrence of fome perfons 

 of fuperior rank, who had been infuked and inj'ired by the 

 emperor, a confpiracy was formed, of w hich Chxrea was 

 the principal agent. The games annually ex'iibited in 

 January to the hono'.ir of Augullus were chofcn for the 

 feafon of execution. While the empen.r was paffing from 

 the theatre to the palace, in a gallery leading to the baths, 

 •Chaerea gave him a wound in the neck. The other co"- 

 fpirators then rudied on, and with redoubled blows dif- 

 patc!.ed the moniler, in whofe defence no perfon appeared. 

 His mangled body remained on the fpot till night, when his 

 wife, or his friend, king Agrippa, caufcd it, halt burnt, to be 

 depohted in the earth. In order completely to tinifh the 

 ■ race of the tyrant, Chierea deputed an officer to put to death 

 his wife Cxfonis, and his infant daughter, who was faid to 

 relcmble her father in ferocity. An uuiverfal hatred of the 

 tyrant manif.-lled itfelf immediately after his death. His 

 ilatues were demoliflied, his afls abrogated, and his memory 

 as much as poifible extinguifhtd. After a reign of three 

 years and ten months, A. D. 41, Caligula perilhed, and left 

 behind him a charafler univerfally detefted. It is faid that 

 his form, countenance, gefture. and manners, exhibited traces 

 that were fhocking ard portentous. DelHtute of natural 

 talents and education, he merely applied with fome degree 

 of di'igence to the lludy of elocution ; but his chief attention 

 was direfted to the arts of nuifrc, dancing, gladiatorial ext r- 

 cifes, and public fpeilrcles. He was capricious and mutable 

 to a degree hordfiring on madncfs ; and was conltant only in 

 preferving fome form of vice or extravagance. Seneca ob- 

 ferves of him, " that he feem.s to have been brought ferlh 

 by nature for the expr-fs purpcfe of (hewing how much niif- 

 chief could be tffeiled by the greateft depravity, fnpported 

 by the highell power." Sueton. Dio. Cailius. Crevier. 

 Gen. Diog.- 



CALIGUS A5.CTUS, in Entcmohgy, the name by 

 which Mdilen diftinguiflies the fpecies of IMonoculus, 

 9ISC1NUS. The Caligi of this writer cor.fi'l ot thofe Mo- 

 nacnli which have the eyes inarginal, tvvo fctaccous ant«nn«, 

 aad from eight to ten legs. 



C A L 



CAI.ILAVA, orTAYAL'As, in Grr^mthy, a proviuie 

 of the i(la:d .Li:i:i>n or Manilla in ih.e ]'.j;l 1ikI:c5, odj inivjr 

 to liiilayan and Cairnrines, aid rxtelldmg to Capt Uondci, 

 and up the country to Manban, on the oppofite coall 

 of the ifland. It is larger than Bniayaii and is more po- 

 pulous. 



CALIMERE, Punt or C.cfc. See Calymehb 

 Pc'mt. 



CALIMNA. SeeCALMiMA. 



CALIMUS. See Callimus. 



CAI^IN, thi; name of a fort of mixed rr.etal, feeraingly 

 compofed of lead and tin. It is piepared by the Cliinefii; 

 and they make feveral ulrnfils of it, :,8 tea-car-nilUrs, coffee- 

 pots, and the like. In fome jihic.s alfo they co»er thtir 

 houfes with it a-; we do with l.ad. 



CALINACRON, in /Incitiit Cco^ral^lvt a promontory 

 of Bithynia, at a fmall dillancc from the 'i'l.racian Bof])!io- 

 rus ; called alfo Mclarna. 



CALIMDA, or Calypva, a maritin-e town of Aii.i 

 Minor, in Caria ; feated on a fmall navigable rivir tit fome 

 diilance from the fea. It gave name to mountains liluate 

 on the N. W. of the town. 



CALINDQi.A, a to.vii of Macedonia, in Mygdoria. 

 Alfo, a town of India, on thisfiJe of the Ganges. Pto- 

 lemy. 



CALINEA, in ^o.'jrj'. (Aublet, JnlT.) Set Do 11 o- 



C.VRPUS. 



C.^LINGiE, in ytncknt Geogrnf'hy, a people of India, 

 on the fouth-eall coall, on this lide of the Ganges, men- 

 tioned by Pliny, and pertaining to t!ie Brachmans. 



Calince Gangariil/s, a people of India, difierent fiom 

 the former, on this fide of the Ganges, whole capita! was 

 rartl-.alis. Plinv. 



CAIJNGAPATAM, in Gca^raf-hy, a town of Hin- 

 dooilan, in the circar of Cicacole, 1 1 miles li. N.K. of Cica- 

 cole. N. lat. jS-" iS'. E. long. ^4° 20'. 



CALINGII, in Ana^nt Geography, a people of Arabia 

 Felix, whofc capital was Mariaba. Pliny. 



CALINGON, Sfgogora or Ponta de Pnlmeiras, a pro- 

 montory of India, on this fide of the Ganges, S.W. of 

 the moil wefterly trouth of the Ganges, on the confines of 

 the country of the Calir.gse. Ph"y places it at 61^ milts 

 from the mouth of the Ganges. 



CALINI, or CALLYNUDni, in Geogrtiphy, a river o£ 

 Hindooftan, which joins the Ganges near Canoge. 



CALINTPAXA, in ^Indent Geography, a toivn of In..- 

 dia, on this fide of the Ganges, mentioned by Pliny, and 

 probably the fame with Canoge, which fee. 



CALJONG-Cakpanv, in Geography, a town of llis 

 idar.d of Borneo. 



CALIORDI, in yhiciait Geography, a people of the 

 Tauric Cherlonefus. Pliny. 



CAI.IPH, or Khalif, denotes a fuccefTor of Maho- 

 met, veiled with fovereign dignity and abfol\:te atithofitv, 

 in the fpiritual as well as temporal errpire ereclid by that le- 

 giditor. The word is originally Arabic, " khalifah ;'' which 

 properly figiiifies a fuccedor or vicar. The caliphs amoiig 

 the Mahometans bear a near affinity to the popes amorn- 

 the Chrilliani who profefs the catholic religion. After the 

 death of Mahomet, who left no direilious concerning a 

 fuccedor, or at Irall none but which were known to liis 

 wives, who were in the intereff of Omai, v,-rv warm de- 

 bates arofe between the Mohajcrin and th.e Anfars about 

 the right of elecling a khalif. The former claimed that 

 right I'rom their having attended Mahocret in his flight to 

 Medina, and from having declared themfelves in his favour 

 before any of the other Arabs joined him ; but the latter 

 5G \ fov.nd.J 



