C A 1. C A L 



da will then entirely rcTl on in 

 tter be called, braft;- 

 as precedent gor?, 

 Plychotria differs 

 heads on a common 

 his pfychotria err.e- 

 laiTy- receptacle ; but 

 cle, with a braftc tu 

 : that the fpecit,, .» 

 defcriplions, there appear one or uvo^irponanV, and'a few properly a callicocca. \Ve fliall therefore add 14. C. n>.. 

 nSer dir^renets; but there is fo great a general refem- i^n (pfycotna eme Uca L>nn. jun. 6up. PI p 14+.) 

 blaivc" as to make it evident that they are very nearly al- " Heads naked, peduncled, few-flowered ; leaves lanceo- 

 Ued to' each other, and to render it probable that they be- 

 long to the fame natural genus, and poffefs the fame quah- 

 ties in perhaps an equal degree. 



In the defcriptiou given bv Mutis, there is no mention 

 of an involucre ; and the braftes which feparate the fiorcU 

 are faid to be fo fmall as to be fcarccly difcernible. 



I 



late, fmooth ; ftipules entire, awl-diaped ; corolla 5ve-ckfL ; 

 chaffy braftea very fmall." A native of Brazil. All the 

 known fpecies are perennial. 



We have followed Schrcber and WillJenow with little 



hefitation in uniting the tapogomea, pntabea, and evea c.f 



The Aublet, though La Marck has kept them feparate. A dif- 



Hrft affeds the 



enus as it has hitherto' been charafterized ference merely in number cannot warrant the conftruftion of 



a new genus. Of the carapichea we have much doubt, on 

 account of the important difference in the fruit. La Marck 

 made it a diflind genus in the alphabetical part of the En- 

 cyclopedic, but has figured it as a fpecies of his tapogomea 

 zontal- in that of Croteio, they are deeply laciniated, and in the Illuftrations, which muft be confidered as hislateft 

 prefltd'clofe to the ftem. In the former, the flowers are decifion onthe fubjeft. Nor can tlie genus of patabea and 

 liated to be axillary, and to have only from two to five 



by all authors; and as we, in conformity with them, have 

 given it above. The other is only a fpccific difference ; but 

 we fuppofe it will be acknowledged to be a (Irongly marked 

 The ftipuls in Mutis's plant are awl-(haped and hori- 



illary, 

 flowers, which are not defcrlbed as forming a head : but a 

 fimple infpedion of Brotero's figure will make it manifefl. 

 that they may be called either terminal or axillary with 

 nearly equal propriety ; and their number may be a variable 

 circumllance depending on foil and fituation ; or, if conllant, 

 may be introduced with advantage into the fpecitic charadler. 

 In all other refpeds, they are fo much alike that the 

 defcription of one will ferve for the other. The credit of 

 the Braillian empiric, which feems to have fuffered in the 

 eftimation of a regular European phyfieian, by that degrad- 

 ing appellation, is therefore eftablifhed. The ilipules of 

 Sir Jof. Banks's plant, as figured by Dr. Woodville, agree in 

 ftiape with thofe defcribed by Mutis, and are llrikingly differ- 

 ent from thofe figured by Brolero ; the root alfo of the for- 

 mer is more knotted and irregular in its furface. It may 

 then, we apprehend, be fairly concluded, that there are at 

 lead two diftinft fpecies ; and nothing forbids their being 

 placed under the fame genus, as nature certainly diftates, 

 but the want of an involucre in that defcribed by Mutis. 

 The prefence or abfence of an involucre is, however, a cir- 

 cumilance which ought not to enter into the effential part 

 of a generic charaftcr. The genus Cornus might be cited 

 a« a familiar cafe in point ; but calHcocca itfelf, as it ^(^.u• 

 ally now ftands in authors, is a fufficient inftance. For 

 though Schreber, La Marck, and Willdenow, all agree in af- 

 cribing to it an involucre, as an effential charafter, Seine 



evea be abfolutely fixed, till we become acquainted with, 

 their fruit. 



CALLICOE, in ManufaPurcSy'S. fpecies of cotton cloth, 

 originally imported from the Eaff Indies, from the kingdom 

 of Calicut, on the coaft of Malabar, whence the name Cal- 

 licoe is derived. 



The term is now generally applied to cotton cloths of 

 Englifh manufafture, and comprehends many varieties of 

 finenefs and texture. Englifh callicoes were lirft manufac- 

 tured at Blackburn in Lancafiiire, about 50 years ago, and 

 have Gnce become one of the leading articles of national in- 

 dullry, affording employment in the various details of 

 fpinning, weaving, bleaching, dying, &c. to a confidcrable 

 portion of the population of that county. See Cotton 

 Manufactures. 



Callicoe-Printing. See Printing. 

 CALLiCOLONA, in Annent Geography, a hill of Afia 

 Minor, in the Troade, and in the vicinity of Simois, accord- 

 to Homer. It is mentioned by Strabo. 



CALLICRATES of Tyre, in Biography, an hiRorian 

 who flouriftied under Aurehan, and wrote his life ; but he 

 is faid to have dwelt too much in trifling incid. nt?. Vc pif- 

 cu£ fl:yles him the moll learned of all the Greek hillcrians 

 of his time. 



Callicrates, an Athenian architeft and fculptor, who 

 lived about 472 years before Chrifl:. He is faid to have en- 

 graved fome of Homer's vcrfes on a grain of millet, and to 



ber inconfillently adds, in a note, that it is in fome cafes have made an ivory chariot which might be concealed under 



without one, and of Willdenow's 12 fpecies, four are ex- the wing of a fly, and an ant of ivory in which all the mem- 



prefsly faid, to have naked heads or to be dcllitute of an bers were diftind. jElian, however, jullly cenfures him for 



involucre. Whether La Marck includes in his tapogomea employing his talents in performances fo trivial and ufelefs, 



any fpecies of a fimilar defcription we cannot determine, as and yet lo difficult. ' 



the alphabetical part of the Encyclopedic is not fo far ad- CALLICRATIDAS, a Lacedxmonian general, who 



vanccd ; and though he has figured it in his Illuftrations, fucceeded Lyfander in the command of the Athenian fleet. 



and given what he thought its effential charafter in the fy- He was eminently diftinguiflied not only for hii valour and 



noptic table, at the head of the clafs, the enumeration of military fl<ill, but for his fimplicity, integrity, and mac^nani- 



the fpecKS remains unpublilhed. The three fpecies figured mity. When he arrived at Ephefus to take the command, 



by him have a very confpicuons involucre. Two of them Lyfander adopted every bafe and treacherous method in his 



we have not ventured to quote ; of the carapichea, WiUde- power to embarrafs him ; and with this view fent back to 



now 8 involucrata, there can be no doubt. Upon the Cyrus, the ally of Sparta, the money which he had given 



whole It feems to be evident, that the '"volucre ought to be to him for the naval fervice, and, at parting, he faid to his 



occluded from the genenc charaaer. The effential differ- fucceffor with a fneer: " Let us now fee, Cdlicratidas, how 



6 you 



