GENERATION. 



Ufs rigid, like all the other parts of the female, young girls 

 ought to fpeak fooner than boys, &c. Among the levcral 

 diftinftions belonging to this head, we mud notice tiie 

 greater ptominence of the thyroid cartilage in the male. 



The texture of the (kin is more denfe and compact in men, 

 whiter and more expanded in womci. In brunettes, particu- 

 larly, it has a foftnefa and polifh, which convey the moil vo- 

 luptuous impreffions to the organs of touch. " Perfons,'' 

 favs ^\"inckeimann, " who prefer fucli f?malcs, are captiva- 

 ted throu-jh the medium of feelintr, rather than ofvifion." 

 The (kin in woman pofit-nes alio a traniparency, which al- 

 lows the colour of the blood to be difcerned in the fuper- 

 ficial veins, and produces the beautiful azure tint, which 

 contrails fo charmingly with the clear whiteneis of other 

 parts. The cutaneous fecretion has been confidered to 

 diiier in the two fjx^s. " La tranfpiration parait beaucoup 

 moins abondante chsz les femmes ; elle a furtouf, dans cer- 

 taines parties, une odeur, qu'il lerait difficile Mexprinier, 

 mais qu'un odorat exerce parvient aiiement a diilingutr chez 

 les femmes qui jouiiTent avec j.lcnitude de tous les attributs 

 de leur fexe, et qui font femmei jufque dans leiu* atmo- 

 fphere.'' Moreau, t. l. p. 171. 



The Ikin of man is always, comparatively, more deeply 

 tinted ; ix is thicker, rougher, and covered with more nume- 

 rous hairs. In our account of this organ, too, we have to 

 mention a very charac^eriftic attribute of the male fex, the 

 beard. 



This produilion, which adorns the iigure of the male, in 

 the human fpecies, is more or Icfs abundant in different fub- 

 jecls. It does net begin to appear until the age of puberty, 

 and is not completely developed until after fome years. Its 

 great thicknels depends, perhaps, on the hsbit of cutting it. 

 In old age a iin-ilar production appears in fome women ; 

 here, however, it is diiperled irregularly, and has not the 

 thicknefs which it pofTefTes ia mon ; nor does it ever acquire 

 the fame length. Yet rare examples have been known of 

 wom.en with long beards. A cafe of this kind is mentioned 

 in the Anatomic Defcriptive of Bichat, torn. 5. p. 165, as 

 having been feen at the liofpital of the Eeole de Medecine. 

 The woman was forty years of age ; her brealls were well- 

 formed, and (he had had a cliild. Her beard was as ftrong 

 as tliat of a man, and numerous hairs covered the lobuli of the 

 ears. 



The characters of fex in thofe organs which are immedi- 

 ately employed in the generative functions, will be exhibited 

 in the courfe of this article. We have only to obferve fur- 

 ther, that the circumference of the anus, which is covered 

 with hair in the male, is fmooth in the female fubjeft. 



The reader may refer, on fexual diftinitions, to Rouflel, 

 Syfterae phvfique et moral de la Femme ; to the works of 

 Moreau and Cabanis ; to the French Encyclopedie, Yverdun 

 edition, art. Femme and Firi! ; to Ackermann, De difcrimine 

 fexuum prster genitalia, Mogunto 1788, 8vo. ; to A. F. 

 Nolte, DiiT. nftens momenta qucedam circa fexus difFeren- 

 tiam. Gotting. 8vo. The differences in the general habit 

 and appearaixe ofthebody, the fuftnefs, delicacy, and infe- 

 rior ftacure cf the female, ?s cor.tralled with the ftrong fi- 

 r.ev/y frame of the male, may be feen in the two figures, lup- 

 pofed to have been drav.-n ny Titian, contained in Vefalius, 

 De Corp. hvim. Anat. Ban!. 1542 : alfo in the ift, zd, and 

 3d platts of Bidloo's work ; and in the Cours complete 

 d'Anatomie gravi par M. A. E. Gautier, et expliqiie par 

 M. Jadelot ; Mane. 1773, folio. The unrivalled artifts of 

 Greece could not fail to percei-e the fam.e dillinttions, which 

 they have e;:prefied mofc atlmi'ably in fome of he fineft mo- 

 numents of tfieir ^rt, as in the Venus, tht ApcUo, and Her- 

 cules. 



The differences which we hare enumerated are not refy 

 diftinclly perceivable, until the two fexes have reached the 

 epocha of their refpeclive perfect development. They are 

 concealed, in the eariy periods of infancy, under external 

 forms which are nearly the fame in both fexes. It is true, 

 indeed, that we can diilinguifli a male from a female embryo 

 (feeEMBUYo); but the leading fexual dillinctions are by- 

 no means fully developed until the age we have mentioned. 

 The mufcles h.ave not yet produced any remarkable change 

 in tlx! direction of the bones ; the glandular and fiefhy parts 

 hardly differ either in form or volume ; and the flie'etonj 

 can fcarcely be diftinguilhed by the breadth of the hips and 

 pelvis. The like cf-nfufion prevails in the moral difpofitions 

 of the two fexes : boys are not diftinguifliable in tl.is refpecl 

 from girls. The appetites, ideas, and pafTions of both are 

 the fame. We cannot at preient, nor perhaps fliall we ever 

 be able to determine, by what particular aclion the organs of 

 generation influence the other parts of the body, direft their 

 operations, and modify th.e character and order of the pheno- 

 mena relating to them. The fact, however, is evident ; and 

 the influence is inconteftable. For, when the natural deve- 

 lopement or actions of the generative organs is impeded, 

 the fecondar-\- characters, by which the fexes are dilliiiguifh- 

 ed, do not take place. 



To illullrate this fubieft, let us obferve, that the feveral 

 differences of animals may be divided into prim.ary and 

 fecondary ; the former include the difterenccs in the parts of 

 generation thciiifelves, which are originally formeddifferences, 

 and belong equally to both fexes ; the latter are all the 

 other variations depending on thefe, not taking place until 

 the parts of the firil clafs are coming into ufe, and being 

 principally, though not entirely, in the male. Oi;e of the 

 moil remiarkuble fecondary characters in animals, generally 

 fpeakinn-, is the fuperior ilrenglh cf make in the male ; and 

 this ilrengtli is generally directed particularly to the organs 

 employed in lighting. Hence it is efpecially noticeable in 

 the animals v^hofe females are of a peaceable nature ; e.g. 

 the legs of the cock and neck of the bull. But in carnivo- 

 rous animals, where ilrength is required by both fexes to 

 kill the prey, the differences in the form of the male and 

 female are not fo ftriking, yet the fexes are flill dillinguifned 

 by fome differences in their external covering, as the male 

 lion by his mane, and the cock and hen of many birds by 

 the plumage. The general ftrength of make, the hairy 

 covering, and the voice diilinguifli th.e male from the female 

 of the human fpecies. Now in all animals, which are not 

 of any diilinct fex, no fuch alteration takes place in the 

 form at the time of puberty. Thur, the free martin, which 

 pofleffes a mixture of the generative organs of both fexe , 

 does not exhibit in form a refemblance of either the cow or 

 bull. It is very much like the ox or fpayed heifer, being 

 confiderably larger than either the bull or the cow, and 

 having horns very fimilar to thofe of the ox. The voice is 

 fimilar to that of the ox, and more like that of the cow than 

 of the bull. The flefli, hke that of the ox or fpayed heifer, 

 is generally m.uch fmer in the tibre, than that ot either the 

 bull or cow ; it is fnppofed to exceed that ot the ox and 

 heifer in delicacy of flavour, and bears a higher price at 

 market. (See " Account ot the Free Martin" in Mr. Hun- 

 ter's cbfervations on the animal economy, p. 55.) A 

 fimilar effect is produced, when the fexual parti are removed 

 after birth ; the cailrated male and the fpayed female have 

 both the f.tme common properties, and arc very much like 

 the free martin ; the artificial removal of the generative 

 organs preventing the occurrence of thole changes, which 

 would naturally have occurred at the time of puberty. 

 Thus, by depriving either fex of the true parts of generations 



the, 



