GERMAN SCHOOL OF ENGRAVING. 



Theodore Crugcr, the younjjer, was born in the year 1648, 

 and was the ion of the preceding artift. The Itahans call 

 him Delia Croce, the Hcmings Vercruys, and the German 

 Kruger. In the year J 7 1 o, he engraved, in concert with two 

 others, th» Florentine gallery. He alfo engraved " St. Fran- 

 cis at Prayer,'' after Carlo ^laratti, and a coiichant Venus, 

 both in folio, befide fcvcral portraits, among which is the 

 daughter of Georgione, after that maflcr ; and Ludovicus 

 Adimari, after P. Dandini. 



Dominic Cuilos, otherwife called Baltens, was the fon of 

 Pierre Balthafar Baltens, a painter and poet, who had fome 

 pretenfions alfo to knowledge in the art of engraving. He 

 vas born fome time about the year 1560 '^i Anvcrs, and 

 died at Aug(tau-g in 161 2. His real family name appears 

 to have been Baltens, but he fettled at the laft named city, at 

 an early age, under the name of Dominique Cuftos, and mar- 

 rying there the widow of Barthelemy Kilian, the elder, was 

 enabled to eftablilh a lucrative print trade, w hich continued to 

 fiourifli for a long period of time. 



Cuftos had feveral daughters, of whom fome were educat- 

 ed to the art of engraving, and lucceeded tolerably well. He 

 \S'orked in a neat ftyle, entirely with the graver, but his 

 prints are laboured, tailelefs, and without harmony of effect. 

 Florent le Comte fays he engraved portraits in the taile of 

 Vandyke, but as Strutt properly remarks of this millakeu 

 affertion, there is not the leaft refemblance between the lliif 

 portraits of Cuftos, and thofe fo highly andfojuftly efteem- 

 ed by Vandyke. 



The principal engravings by this artiit, arc ; the effigies 

 of the German emperors, large whole length figures, in folio, 

 dated 1601. 



The portraits of the Fuggera family, of which the firil 

 edition, which is now become very rare, and is dated 1593, 

 contains but fixty-four portraits : in the fecond the number 

 of portraits is increafed to fixty-feven : the third contains a 

 hundred and twenty-feven, befides the arms of Fugger, and 

 an ornamented title, but the names are added, of Lucas and 

 Wolfgang Kilian. Another fet of portraits of heroes, &c. 

 entitled " Atrium Heroicum, Cxfarum, Regum, aliorumque 

 fummatum ac principium, Sec." 



The chief of liis engravings of feparate portraits are thofe 

 of pope Sixtus V. prince Sigifmond in the coftumeof Mol- 

 davia, after J. ab. Ach, and from the fame painter Marcus 

 Bragadino, dated 1591. Chriftianus H. duke of Saxony, 

 Henry bilhop of Augfburg, (in an oval.^ Johan Philippi, 

 bilhop of Bamberg, ditto. Maximilian, duke of Bavaria, 

 and Ehzabeth Lotharingea his wife, a pair of ovals, dated 

 1598, all of the folio dimenfions. 



The moft efteemed of the hillorical works of this artiil, 

 area fet of " Female Saints," half lengths, after Fraut/; 

 Afpruck. A fet of four in folio, of " L'Hiiloire de 

 I'Enfant prodigue," and " Judith beheading Holofernes,' 

 after John Von Auchen, of the foho fize. 



Lucus Kilian, the patriarch of a numerous progeny of 

 engravers, was born at Augfburg in the year 1579. Under 

 whofe directions he ftudied, is not known, but the works of 

 Heury Goltzuis and MuUer appear to have been his fchool. 

 It appears, however, that he went to Italy, in order to com- 

 plete his fludies, where he engraved feveral plates from the 

 piftures of the great Italian matters : but returned, and died 

 in his native city in the year 1637. 



" Few artifts have manifefted a greater cominand of the 

 graver than Kilian ; whether we conlider the apparent facility 

 with which hia ftrokes are turned over each other, or the 

 firmnefs with which they are executed, one cannot Iielp ad« 

 miring the author, though it evidently fh-ikes us that by 

 paying too cloi'e attention to this part of his art, he neglefted 



Vol. XVI. 



the correftnefs of his outlines, and fatigued the lights vrith 

 unneceffary work." Such is the opinion of our country- 

 man Strutt: to which fliould be added, that his drawing is 

 not accurate, nor his chiarofcuro broad and impreffive. 



Of the numerous works of Kilian, the following are held 

 in mofl efleem; " The Adoration of the Shepherds," a mid- 

 dling-fized plate, from the younger Pahna. The fame fubjecl, 

 a large upright, after Spranger. Another of the fame fuB- 

 j eft, after Rotenhamer. And another (a large upright ) from 

 J. Heintz. " A Holy Family," from Cornelius de Haerlem, 

 and "The Miracle of the Loaves and Fi/hes," fromTintoret : 

 both large uprights. '•' Chrill Praying in the Garden," a 

 fmall upright, arched at the top, from Frederic Suflies. " A 

 deadChrift," from Michael Angelo. And " A Nymph and 

 Satyr," from J. Heintz, both fmall uprights. " The Rape of 

 Proferpine," a large folio plate, from the fame mafter. " The 

 Entombing of Chrifl,'' an upright, without the painter's 

 name, dated 1600, which perhaps, with many other of the 

 engravings of Lucas Kilian, is from his own defign. 



The bell portraits by this mailer, are thofe of himfelf, 

 aged ^^, a rare print in 410. " Petrus Cuflof,vulgo Battens; 

 Piclor et Poeta Antwerpianus,'' dated 16:9. Nicholas 

 Chriflophe, Prince de Rud/ivil, both in 4to. The emperor 

 Chrillian II. dated 1615. Maria Eleonora Suevorum Go- 

 thorum Regina. Guflavus Adolphus .Suevorum Gothomni 

 Rex. And Albert Durer, a half-length ; all of the folio 

 fize : but whether the latter is from a pifture by Rotenha- 

 mer, or after Albert Durer himfi-lf, the prelent writer is 

 uncertain. 



Wolfgang, the brother of Lucas Kilim, was alfo of 

 Augfburg, and born in the year 158 1. He fludied under 

 Dominic Cuilos, and, after his return from Italy, under his 

 brother Lucas, whofe ftyle he imitated without attaining to 

 the fame degree of excellence : his prints ai-efomewhat neater, 

 but more ftifF and formal. 



Wolfgang employed the greater part of his time in en- 

 graving portraits, of which the following arc thofe of mofl 

 importance. Erneft Count Mansfield. ^laximilianof Wal- 

 lenftein, dated 1642. Jean T\Iaior, mathematician of Augf- 

 burg. Frederic Baron de Teuftcnbach. Jean Godefion, 

 bilhop of Wurzburg, and Ferdinand HI. king of the Ro- 

 mans, all in 4to. Of the folio fize; the archbifhops of 

 Mayence. Cologne, and Treves ; his own portrait, infcribed 

 " Labor improbus omnia vincit," and afet of twenty-feven of 

 the emperors and arehdukes uf tlie houfe of Auilria, from 

 122910 1623, with tiuir lives and euh>giums, publifhed at 

 Augfburg, in 1629. 



Tiie moil efletMiied of his hiiloricnl works, are the " Bap- 

 tif'm of Jefus Chrill," after Paolo Veronele. " The AfTump- 

 tion of ill',' Virgin Mary," after Tintoretto; " The De- 

 ieent from the Crofs,'" after Paolo Farinato, and the " Good 

 Samaritan,'" after Giacomo BufTano, all in folio. "The Re- 

 furrettion of Clirift," arched at the top, after F. BafTano. 

 The four Evangelills, in upright ovals, from his own de- 

 figns : and the" Feilival of iIk- Peaceof Weilphalia," after 

 Joab Sandrart, in large folio, engraved on two plates, and 

 which is now become a rare print. 



Bartholomew Kilian, the third fon of Wolfgang, wat 

 born at Augfburg in the year 1630, and died in the fame 

 city in the year i6(j6. He diftinguilhed hiniftlf at a period 

 of life fo early, that Sandrart emphatically fays, " he was 

 l>orn an artifl. ' At the age of eighteen he engraved a Mag- 

 dalen after M. Gondelacli, wliich induced his father to place 

 him under M. Merian of Frankfort, after ftudpng \nth 

 whom two years and a half, he travelled to Paris for further 

 improvement. Here he remained more than three year.^, 

 availing himfelf of the inftruftioRs of different artifts, and 

 A a herff 



