GERMAN SCHOOL OF ENGRAVING. 



Theodore Crugcr, the younger, was born in the year 164s, 

 and was the fon of the preceding artift. The ItaHaiis call 

 him Delia Croce, the l-lcmings Vercruys, and th.e German 

 Kruger. In the year 1 7 10, he engraved, in concert with two 

 others, th» Florentine gallery. He alfo engraved " St. Fran- 

 cis at Prayer,'' after Carlo Klaratti, and a coiichant Venus, 

 both in folio, befide fevcral portraits, among which is the 

 daughter of Georgionc, after that mafler ; and Ludovicus 

 Adimari, after P. Dandini. 



Dominic Cuilos, otherwife called Baltens, was the fon of 

 Pierre Balthafar Baltens, a painter and poet, who had fome 

 pretenfions alfo to knowledge in the art of engraving. He 

 ■was born fome time about the year 1560 ui Anvers, and 

 died at Augftm-g in 161 z. His real family name appears 

 to have been Baltens, but he fettled at the lad named city, at 

 an early agt, under the name of Dominique Cuftos, and mar- 

 rying there the widow of Barthelemy Kilian, the elder, was 

 enabled to eftablifh a lucrative print trade, -i^ Inch continued to 

 fiourifli for a long period of time. 



Cuftos had feveral daughters, of whom fome were educat- 

 ed to the art of engraving, and iucceeded tolerably well. He 

 worked in a neat ftyle, entirely with the graver, but his 

 prints are laboured, tailelefs, and without harmony of effect. 

 Florent le Comte fays he engraved portraits in the tafte of 

 Vandyke, but as Strutt properly remarks of this millakeu 

 affertion, there is not the leaft refemblance between the itiff 

 portraits of Cuilos, and thofe fo highly and fo juftly efteem- 

 ed by Vandyke. 



The principal engravings by this artift, arc ; the effigies 

 of the German emperors, &rge whole length figures, in folio, 

 dated 1601. 



The portraits of the Fuggera family, of which the firll 

 edition, which is now become very rare, and is dated 1593, 

 contains but fixty-four portraits : in the fecond the number 

 of portraits is increafed to fixty-feven : the third contains a 

 hundred and twenty-feven, befides the arms of Fugger, and 

 an ornamented title, but the names are added, of Lucas and 

 Wolfgang Kilian. Another fetof portraits of heroes, &c. 

 entitled " Atrium Heroicum, Cxfarum, Regum, aliorumque 

 fummatum ac principium, Sec." 



The chief of liis engravings of feparate portraits are thofe 

 of pope Sixtus V. prince Sigifmond in the coftumeof Mol- 

 davia, after J. ab. Ach, and from the fame painter Marcus 

 Bragadioo, dated 1591. Chriftianus H. duke of Saxony, 

 Henry bifhop of Augfburg, (in an oval,^ Johan Philippi, 

 bifhop of Bamberg, ditto. Maximilian, duke of Bavaria, 

 and EUzabeth Lotharingea his wife, a pair of ovals, dated 

 1598, all of the folio dimenfions. 



The moft efteemed of the hillorical works of this artiil, 

 area fet of '« Female Saints," half lengths, after Fratit^ 

 Afpruck. A fet of four in folio, of " Iv'Hi'.loire Je 

 1' Enfant prodigue," and " Judith beheading Holoijrnes,' 

 after John Von Auchen, of the folio fize. 



Lucus Kilian, the patriarch of a numerous progeny of 

 engravers, was born at Augfburg in the year 1579. Under 

 whofe diredions he ftudied, is not known, but the works of 

 Henry Goltzuis and MuUer appear to ha\e been his fchool. 

 It appears, however, that he went to Italy, in order to com- 

 plete his ftudies, where he engraved feveral plates from t!ie 

 piftures of the great Italian matters : but returned, and died 

 in his native city in the year 1637. 



" Few artifts have manifefted a greater command of the 

 graver than Kilian; whether weconfider the apparent facility 

 with which his ftrokes are turned over each other, or the 

 firmnefs with which they are executed, one cannot lielp ad» 

 miring the author, though it evidently Ih-ikes us that by 

 paying too clofe attention to this part of his art, he neglefted 



Vox,. XVI, 



the correftncfs of his outlines, and fatigued the lights vritV 

 unneceffary work." Such is the opinion of our country- 

 man Strutt: to which Ihould be added, that his drawing is 

 not accurate, nor his chiarofcuro broad and impreflive. 



Of the numerous works of Kilian, the following are held 

 in moft cfteem: " The Adoration of the Shepherds," a mid- 

 dling-fized plate, from the younger Palma. The fame fubjecl, 

 a large upright, after Spranger. Another of the fame fuH- 

 j eft, after Rotenhamcr. And another (a large upright ) from 

 J. Heintz. " A Holy Family," from Cornelius dc Haerlem, 

 and "The Miracle of the Loaves and Fifties," fromTintoret : 

 both large uprights. '•' Chrift Praying in the Garden," a 

 fmall upright, arched at the top, from Frederic Sufties. " A 

 dead Chrift," from Michael Angelo. And " A Nymph and 

 Satyr," from J. Heintz, both fmall uprights. " The Rape of 

 Proferpine," a large folio plate, from the fame mafter. " The 

 Entombing of Chrift,' an ujiright, without the painter's 

 name, dated 1600, which perhaps, with many other of the 

 engravings of Lucas Kilian, is from his own defign. 



The beft portraits by this mafter, are tliofe of himfclf, 

 aged ^^, a rare print in 4to. " Petrus Cuftos, vulgo Baltens? 

 Pictor et Poeta Antwerpianus,'' dated i6;9. Nicholas 

 Chriftophe, Prince de Rud/ivil, both in 4to. The emperor 

 Chriftian II. dated 1615. Maria Eleonora Suevorum Go- 

 thorum Regina. Guftavus Adolphus Suevorum Gothomm 

 Rex. And Albert Durer, a half-length ; all of the folio 

 fize : but whether the latter is from a picture by Rotcnha- 

 mer, or after Albert Durer himfelf, the prefent writer is 

 uncertain. 



Wolfgang, the brother of Lucas Kilian, was alfo of 

 Aug(burg, and born in the year 158 1. He ftudied under 

 Dominic Cuftos, and, after his return from Italy, under his 

 brother Lucas, whofe ftyle he imitated without attaining to 

 the fame degree of excellence : his prints are fomewhat neater, 

 but more ftifF and formsl. 



Wolfgang employed the greater part cf his time in en- 

 graving portraits, of which the following !irc thofe of moft 

 importance. Erneft Count Mansfield. Maximilian of Wal- 

 lenftein, dated 1642. Jean i^Iajor, matliomatician of Augf- 

 burg. Frederic Baron de TeufFrnbach. Jean Godefion, 

 bilhop of Wurzburg, and Ferdinand HI. king of the Ro- 

 mans, all in 4to. Of the folio lize ; the archbifliops of 

 Maycnce. Cologne, and Treves ; his own portrait, infcribed 

 " Labor iniprobus omnia vincit," and a let of twenty-feven of 

 the emperors and archdukes of the houfe of Auftria, from 

 122910 1625, with their lives and eulogiums, publifticd at 

 Augftjurg, m 1629. 



The moil elleemed of his hiftorical works, are the " Bap- 

 tii'm of Jefus Chrift," after Paolo Veronefe. " The Afliimp- 

 tion of the Virgin Marv," after Tintoretto; " The De- 

 fcent from the Crols," after Paolo Farinato, and the " Good 

 Samaritan,'" after Giacomo Baftann, all in folio. " The Re- 

 furreclion of Chrift," arched at the top, after F. Baftano. 

 The four Evangelifts, in ui)right ovals, from his own dc- 

 figns ; andtlie " Feilival of the Peaceof Wcilphalia,"' after 

 Joab Sandrart, in large tullo, engraved on two plate?, and 

 which is now bicome a rare print. 



Bartholomew Kilian, the third fon of Wolfgang, was 

 born at Augiburg in the year 1630, and died in the fame 

 city in the year 1696. He Jillinguilhc J himfelf at a period 

 of life fo eai-lv, that Sandrart emphatically lays, "he was 

 born an artift." At the age of eighteen he engraved a Mag. 

 dalen after M. Gondelach, which induced his father to place 

 him under M. Merian of Frankfort, after Uud\nng \nth 

 whom two years and a half, he travelled to Paris for further 

 improvement. Here he remained more than three year;, 

 availing himfelf of the inftruCilioBS of different art>fts, and 

 A a herff 



