G E U 



hairy. Runners of the Hem c.-ccphig. Stem finglf-flowci-ed. 

 Awns upright, (hag-gy.'' — Place of growth and time of 

 flowering fame as in llie preceding fpccics. Root ycllowifli. 

 Runners long, rcddifli, Flowsr-Jlalks ereft, reddifii, fliaggy. 

 Petals five or eight, foinetimts ten, large, yellow. Seeds 

 retaining the 7?)7f, which is broken off in the middle and 

 looks like a jointed aiun. 



II. G. anemonoides. Anemone Avens. Willd. Sp. PI. 

 V. 2. Ill 7. — "Leaves pisnate, fmooth ; leaflets wedge- 

 ftiaped, tot)thed at the top. Stem fingle-flowercd. Awns 

 upright, ftiaggy.'' — There is no figure of this rare fpecies 

 extant. Wllldcnow has very properly reduced it to Geum, 

 tiiou'-ii the plant was formerly known as Dryas pcntapetala. 

 (Linn. Sp. PI. 717.) Native of Kamtfchatka. /?oo< pe- 

 rennial, throwing f-'it fdifonii, woody cnY/rrJ-. St'.pulas i\zx- 

 row. Petals live, large, round, white, fpreading. Seeds 

 numerous, tipped with an hairy awn, and longer than the 

 fotver. It appears by the Linnxan Herbarium to be a very 

 elegant fpecies. 



I 2. G. pai-viflorum. Small White Avens. — Radical leaves 

 lyrate, taller than the flem. Stipulas cut. Flowers nearly 

 feffilc. Petals fhorter than the calyx. Awns feathery. — 

 Gathered by Commerfon in the ftraits of Magellan. 

 The radical Icn-ves are interruptedly lyrate, hairy, bluntly 

 cut and crenate, about three inches long, moll refembling 

 thofe of G. r'lvak. Stem folitary, fcarcely two inches high., 

 clothed with (hort denfe hairs, and bearing two or three 

 ternate wedge-fliaped leaves, and as many fmall, nearly fei- 

 {\\e Jlo-wers, which appear to be fomfcwhat drooping, but 

 this can fcarcely be determined by the dried fpecimen. The 

 ptta's, faid by Cpmmerfon to be white when frefii, are 

 fmallcr than the fegments of the calyx. Germens hairy as in 

 G. rfuale. 



13. G. calihifolium. Marfh-marigold leaved Avens. — Ra- 

 dical leaves kidney- iliaped, almoil circular, tliarply crenate; 

 on {lightly leafy ftalks. Calyx turbinate, Avith lanceolate 

 fegxients. Awns hairy. — Gathered by Mr. Mcnzies on the 

 well coaft of North America — This is remarkable for the re- 

 femblance of its radical leaves in fhape and fize to thofe of Cal- 

 tha palujlns, except their being ilightly hairy, and their 

 long footHalks being furnidied with a few little oblong or 

 three-lobed leaflets, indicating an approach to a lyrate leaf 

 altogether. Stem above a foot high, erect, bearing three or 

 four fmaller, feffile rounded leaves, more deeply crenate or 

 jut, and terminating in about t\w£eJloivc>-s, on ilender llalks. 

 Calyx hairy at its bafe, turbinate ; its fegments oblong-lan- 

 ceolate, obtufe, at length eretl, the larger ones equal in 

 length to ihe pt tab which are yellow and broad, like thofe 

 ©f a common Crowfoot. Awns llraight, bliiutiih, hairy in 

 the lower part, poflibly becoming hooked at an advanced 

 period. 



Geum Urhanum, in the Ma'eria Medicn, is a common 

 Britifli plant, called ylviiis, in woods and hedges, flowering 

 from May till Auguil. The root, which is the part medi- 

 cinally employed, has an aromatic and lomewhat aftringent 

 tafte, and a pleafant fmcll of the clove kind, efpecially 

 when it is produced in dry and warm foils. It gives out its 

 aftringent matter equally to water)- and ipirituous menftrua ; 

 but its aromatic part moll perfectly to the latter. In dif- 

 tillation with water it yields a fmall quantity of uiiitilh con- 

 crete oily matter, of a very grateful fragrance. This plant, 

 though little ufed in Britain, is held in great eftimation for 

 Tarious virtues on the continent ; but the character,, under 

 which it has been received fince the year 178c, is that of 

 a febrifuge ; many inflances having been adduced of its ef- 

 ficacy in obftinatc intermittents, after the P-rnvian bark 

 kad failed. It is faid that a tin<3urc of the root, made in tlic 



i 



G E X 



proportion of four ounces of the root dlgefted witli a quart 

 of brandy in a fand heat, and given in the quantity of half 

 an ounce or more, two, three, or four times a day, feldom 

 fails to cure agues. Others have given it with equal fuccefs 

 in decoftion, powder, or eleftuary, in the proportion in 

 which the Cinchona bark is commonly employed. This 

 root has alfo been found ufeful in feveral chronic diforders, 

 as a general tonic and afl;ringent ; and experiments made bv 

 Buchhave evince its antifeptic power to exceed that of Pe- 

 ruvian bark. Woodville, Med. Bot. 



GEVOLLUNG, in Geography, a town of Auflria > . 

 cigiit miles S. of St. Polten. 



GEVREY, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Cote d'Or, and chief place of a canton, in the dif- 

 trift of Dijon ; 7 miles S. of Dijon. The place contains 

 1 128, and the canton 7894 inhabitants, on a territory of 

 260 klliometres, in 36 communes. 



GEVUINA, in Botany, a barbarous Chili name, adopt- 

 ed by MoHna. — .Tuff. 424 — C'lafs and order, Didynamia An- 

 ^'I'ljpermia. Nat. Ord. uncertain. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. none. Cor. Petals four, placed crpfs- 

 wife. Slam. Filaments four, two of them very rtiort. P;y?. 

 Gernicn fuperlor, funplo ; ilyle one; ftigma thickidi. A- 

 ric. Capfule nut-lhaped, coriaceous, of one cell. Seed foli- 

 tary. A tree, native of Chili, where Dombey and Molina 

 have gfthered it. Tlie leaves are pinnated, compofed of 

 four or five pair with an odd one. Flo-wers terminal, fpiked, 

 two together, many of tliem abortive. Frmt eatable, like 

 a hazel-nut, whence the Spani^ds call it A-vellano. Seed 

 deftitute of albumen. Cap>fale much hke that of the Calo- 

 phyllum. Jufl". 



GEUSS, .loiix Micn.\EL, in Biography, was born in 

 H'jlilein in 1745. His father undertook the care of his 

 education, and found in his fon a turn for mathematical 

 and philofophical purfuits, which he encouraged, and by 

 which he became diftingniflied, and was chofen profelfbr of 

 the mathematics in the univerfity of Copenhagen. His 

 principal work was the " Theory of the Art of conftrufting 

 Mines," in the compofition of which he was aflTifted by the 

 MSS. of Belidor, which he had the good fortune to ob- 

 tain, though they had been fuppreffed in France, after the 

 death of that able engineer. He pubhfhed alfo a " Trea- 

 tife on the Art of con.lrufiing Mines.'' He gave a tranf- 

 lation in the German language, from the Danifli, of Olaf- 

 fen and Povclfcn's voyage to Iceland, which was printed in 

 two volumes 410. He fent feveral valuable papers to Brchm's^ 

 Ingenieur-und-Artillerie Magazin, and publifiied a fet of 

 logarithmic tables. 



GEUTZ, in Geography, a town of Germany, in the 

 duchy of Anhalt-Cotheu, near Cuthen. 



GEWICZE, Giiwn z, or Geevitfeh, a town of Moravia, 

 in the circle of Olmutz ; 24 miles weft of Olmntz. N. 

 lat. 49 45. E.lcng. 16 35. 



GEVv'OLD, Chrlstopiikr, in Bigrnp.'.y, flourilhed in 

 the fcvcnteenth century. He was one of the aulic counfel- 

 lors of Maximilian, firil elcftor of Bavaria, v.h.o confidi'd to 

 his care the archives of the duchy, in order that he might 

 make ufe of them as an hiilorian. His works relate ch.iefly 

 lo the hiflory of his own country ; of thefe we may men- 

 tion " Genealogia Serenifiiinorum Bojaria: Ducum, 1C05." 

 " Chronicon Monafterii Reicherfpergenfis.'' " De!ii:eatJo 

 Norici veteris, ejufque Conliniura ;'' and " Commentarius de 

 Septem viratu Roman! Imperii." Moreri. 



GEX, in Geography, a fmall territory of France, in 

 the cidevant provnice of Burgundy, extending from Fort 

 dEclufe to the village of Croflay, and from the town of 

 Gex to Geneva, bei.ig fcvcn leagues in length and three in 



breadtb. 



