G 1 B 



Giiiboiis, to die words " O clap )'Oi!r hands together all 

 yc peopif." Printed in Boyci^'s Catli. Muf. vol. ii. 

 p. 59- 



T!ie harnioriy in Gibbons's fervlce in F, printed by D4-. 

 Jjoyce, is pure, clear, and gratcfn! ; and the melody more 

 accented and flowing than we have found in any choral mufic 

 of equal antiquity. 



The two parts in one, of the G/orin Palt'i, though they 

 mar be the caufe of fome confulion in the words, difcover 

 no rellraint or ftiffnefs in thj melody, whicli continues to 

 move with the fame freedom, as if no canon had exiftence. 

 And tliough XhQ piir'ifls, on account of the confufion ariling 

 from ail the parts ilnging different words at the fame time, 

 pronounce the ilyle, in which his full anthems are conipofed, 

 to be vicious ; yet the lovers of fugue, ingenious conlri- 

 va.ice, and rich, fimple, and ple-ifing harmony, mull regard 

 them a"; sdinirable productions, iiHa Pulijirinn, a ftyle in 

 which Tallis and Bird acqiiired fo much renown. 



Bcfides his admirable choral compolilions, O. Gibbons 

 was author of melodies in two parts to the hymns and fpi- 

 ritual fongs of the church, tranllated by George Withers, 

 and of feveral other works which are mentioned elievvheve. 

 See Fantasia and Pautiien-ia. 



Dr. Tudway, in the dedication of the firft volume of his 

 manufcript " Colleflion of the moll celebrated Services 

 and Anthems ufed in the Church of England," addreifed 

 \.o Lord Harley, for whom it was made ; after a ju'l and 

 warm eulogium on the abilities of Tallis and Bird, fays 

 that " none of the later compofers could ever make appear 

 fo exalted a faculty in compolilions for the church, except 

 that moil excellent artill, Orlando Gibbons, organiil 

 and fervant to king Charles I. whofe wliole fervice, with 

 feveral anthems, are the molt perfedl pieces of church 

 compolitions which have appeared fince th.e time of Tallis 

 S'.nd Bird ; the air fo folemn, the fugues and other em- 

 bellifliments fo jufl: and naturally taken, as mutl warm 

 the heart of any one, who is endued with a foul tilted 

 for divine raptures." To this encomium every candid 

 judge of harmony will readily fubfcribe ; but when tlie 

 "doctor tells us, that the celebrated fervice in F was coni- 

 pofed by Orlando Gibbons in 1635, he furniflies no very 

 favourable proof of his knowledge in chronology ; as it is 

 recorded on the monument erefted to his memory by his 

 widow, that he died ten years before that period. For in 

 1625, being commanded, e:< officio, to attend the tolemnity 

 of the marriage of his royal mailer, Cliarles I. with the 

 princ-'fs Henrietta of France, at Canterbury, for which 

 occalion he had compofed the mufic, he was fei/.ed with 

 the fmall-pnx, and dying on ^Vhitfunday, in the fame year, 

 n-as buried in that cathedral. 



GiiiBOSs, Dr. CiiRisroi'liKl!, was the fon of Orlando 

 Gibbons, and Icholar of his uncle Ellis Gibbons, organifl 

 of Brillol. He had been honoured with the notice of 

 Charles I. and was of his chapel. At the reftoration, be- 

 fides being appointed principal organiil of tiie Chapel Royal, 

 private organiil to his majeily, and organiil of Weltmin- 

 ller Abbey, he obtained his doctor's degree in mufic at 

 Oxford,' in cnnfequcnce of a letter W'ritten by his majelly 

 Charles II. bimfeif, in his behalf, which is inferted by 

 AiTt. Wood in the Fafti Oxon, vol. ii. Col. 158 ; who 

 fays, that he completed his d-'gree in an adl celebrated in 

 St. Mary's church, July xi, 1664. 



The compofitions of this mailer, which were not nu- 

 merous, feem never to have enjoyed a great degree of fa- 

 vour ; and though fame of them are preferved in the Mu- 

 feum colleftion, they have long ceafed to be performed in 

 Ova catliedrals. His abiiitiej on the organ, however, mufl 



C I B 



Jiave been confidcrable, to entitle him to the ftations he 

 filled, at a time when the Ilyle of playing that inllrumcnt 

 was fo much more complicated and elaborate than at pre- 

 fent. Dr. Blow, who, in fiiiglirg and compofuion, was 

 educated by Captain Cook, is laid to have been a fcholar 

 on the organ of Dr. Chriftopher Gibbons, who died 1676. 



Oidarido Gibbons had two brothcjs, Edwartl and Ellis, 

 tlie one organiil of Brillol, and the other of Salifbury. 

 Edward was a Cambridge bachelor of mufic, and incor- 

 porated at Oxford, 1592. Belides being organiil of Brif- 

 tol, he was priell-vicar, fub-chantcr, and mailer of the 

 choirillers in that cathedral. He was fworn a gentleman of 

 the chapel, March 21, 1604, and was the matter of Mat- 

 thew Ijock. In the Triumphs of Oriana, there are two 

 madrigals, the one in live, and tlie other in fix parts, com- 

 pofed by Ellis Gibbons. V/ood ftyles liim the admired 

 organiil of Salilbury. Of Edward Gibbons, it is faid, that 

 in the time of the rebellion l;e afhlled king Charles I. 

 with liie fum of one thouf-.nd pounds ; for v.-hicii inllance 

 of his loyalty, he was afterwards very fcverely treated by 

 thofe in power, who deprived him of a ccnfiderable ellate, 

 and thrull him and three grar;d children out of his houfe, 

 though he was more th?.n fourfcore years of age. 



GIBBOSITY, in Surgery. See Stine, Curvature of. 

 GIBBOUS, in AJlrmomy, is ufed in reference to the en- 

 lightened parts of the moon, while (lie is moving from full 

 to the firll quarter, and from the kill quarter to fall again ; 

 for all that time the dark part appears horned, or fal- 

 cated, and the light one bunched out, convex, or gib- 

 bous. 



Gibbous _yf/Z', gillojus p'ljcis, in Ichthyology, a name given 

 by Mr. Ray to the li!h called by the Dutch Ironirugh. It 

 is a fmooth lilh wiihout fcales, its belly is white, its fins 

 and tail black. It grows to a confiderable fize, fometimes 

 to four feet. It is caught all over the Eall Indies, near 

 the fea lliores, and is very firm, and much eftcemed at table. 

 It has its name from the remarkable rifing of its back, 

 v/hich is like that cf the perch, but much higher. Ray's 

 Ichthyolog Append, p. 4. 



GIBBY, in Geogrophy,'7i. duller of finall iO.-'nds, in the 

 Eall Indian fea, about twelve leagues in circumference, 

 well inhabited, fituated on the equator. E. long. 126° 5'. 



GIBE', a town of Arabia, in the province of Ncdsjed j 

 130 miles E. N. E. of Hajar. 



GIBE AH, in Scripture Geography, a city of Benjamin, 

 the birth-place of Saul, the iiril king of IlVael. (Jufli. xviii. 

 24 Ezra ii. 26. Nth.em. vii. 30. ) Gibeah was about two 

 leagues N. from Jerufalem. In Jerome's time it was en- 

 tirely deilroyed. 



GIBEL-EL-TOR, a mountain of Palefline, anciently 

 called Mount Tabor, which fee. 



GIBELET, or G.vnvLE, a fea-port of Syria, anciently 

 called " Gabala" and " Gabulon," fituated on the coall of 

 the Mediterranean, at the moulh of the river Jebilee ; 12 

 miles S.S.W. of Tripoli. 



GIBELIN, a town of Palelline ; eight miles E. of 

 Gaza. 



GIBELINS, GiBF.i.Lixs, GiMlngs, or Ghibdim, a fa- 

 mous failion in Italy, oppofite to another called the 

 Guelphs. 



The Guelphs and Gibelins ravageS and laid waftc Italy 

 for a long feries of j'ears : fo tliat the hiilory of that coun- 

 try, for tlie fpace of three centuries, is only a detail of their 

 mutual violences and mortal wars. 



The Guelphs ftrenuoufly afferted tlie power of the f^'e of 

 Rome, as tlie Gibelins did t.hc emperor's rijjut of love- 

 reignty. 



