G I L 



G I L 



fian college at Milan. Ho was author of many li-arncd works, 

 but that on which his rcputatien is chiefly cllabliflicd, was 

 entitled " Thefaanis Lingua; Arabics, feu Lexicon Aia- 

 bico-Latinuin;'' publiihed in four volumes folio, in 1632. 

 As a rccompenco for tlie learning; and iiidullry which it exhi- 

 bited, pope Urban VI IL nominated the author to an honour- 

 able poll in a college at Rome ; but he died before he could 

 enter upon its functions, or enjoy its emoluments. Gen. 

 Biog. 



; GIGLIO, or Isoi.K DEC Gir.MO, in Geography, a fmall 

 ifiand in the Mediterranean, near the coaft of Italy, anci- 

 ently called jE«1/u»i, or Isi/uiii. N. lat. 42' 28'. E. long. 



10 sV- 



GIGMILLS, a kind of fulhng mills, for fulhng and 

 burling of woollen cloth, prohibited, aiuio 5 and 6 Ed. VI. 

 c. 22. 



GIGNEE, in Geography, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of the Herault, and chief place of a canton, in 

 the diftrift of Lodcve, feated on the Herault ; 10 miles S. 

 E. of Lodcve. The place contains 2785, and the canton 

 13,632 inhabitants, on a territory of 290 kiliomctres, in 21 

 communes. N. lat. 43" 39'. E. long. 3° 38'. 



GIGNY, a town of France, in the departnwnt of the 

 Jura, on the Surain ; 7 miles S. W. of Orgelet. 



GIGO. Sec GiGAiA. 



GIGOT, in the Mimtge, a branch after the form of a 

 gigot, or leg, is a branch, the lower part of which is round, 

 and called in French gnrgoui/k. 



GIHON, in Geography. See JiuON and A.MU. 



GmoN, in Scrtplure Geography, a fountain, weft of .Te- 

 rnfaleni, where Solomon was anointed king by Zadok and 

 Nathan, Tiic upper channel of Gihon was ordered, by 

 Hezekiah, to be conveyed into .Jerufalcm, for the advan- 

 tage of the waters; I Kings, i. 33. 2 Chron. xxxiii. 30. — 

 Alfo, the name of one of the four rivers, whofe fources were 

 in Paradife, Gen. ii. 13. The Arabians believed this to be 

 the Oxus, a river which rifes in the mountains of Imaus, 

 and runs from eaft to weft; and after winding much, re- 

 turns, and dlfcharges itfelf into the Cafpian fea, weftward. 

 Tills river feparates the provinces of the Turks and Perfians. 

 Modern geographers call the Oxus, Amu; which fee. 

 The Arabians name it Gehon, and Neher-Balkh, the river 

 of Balk, becanfe it paffes through that city. Calvin, Sca- 

 liger, and others, think that Gihon is the moll wcilern 

 channel of the two made by the Tigris and Euphrates, when, 

 after their conflux, they feparatc again to enter the fea. 

 Others again maintain that Pifon is the weilern channel, 

 and that Gihon is the eallern. This is the opinion of Bo- 

 chart and Huetius. (See Edex.) Others fuppofe the Gihon 

 to he the ylraxcs ; which fee. 



GI.ION, Jixa of the Romans, a confiderablc fea-port 

 town of Spain, in Afturias, formerly the capital of this 

 province, with an old caille, containing about 800 families, 

 18 miles N. of Oviedo. This infecure port, conftrufted and 

 maintained at a great expence, is reforted to by the Englilh 

 for filberts and chefnuts. N. hit. 43° 32'. W.long. 5' 42'. 



GIKRI, a town of Hindoollan, in the circar of Nagore; 

 15 miles S. E. of Catchwara. 



GIL, IJlaiul of, an ifland of the North Pacific ocean, 

 fo called by fignor Caamano, about 14 miles long and 6 

 broad, between Princefs Royal's ifland and Pitt's Archipe- 

 lago. 



GILA, a river of New Mexico. See Colo it ado. 



GIL AC AN, a fmall ifland in the North Pacific ocean, 

 K. of the Catanduanes. N.lat. 14° 26'. E. long. 124^ 27'. 



GILARZA, a town of the ifland of Sardinia ; 15 miles 

 JS. E. of Bofa. 



GILATTELKE, a town of Tranfilvania, 14 mnesN.' 

 of Chuifenburg. 



GlLBERtiA, a town of Sweden, in Warmeland; 24. 

 miles V\''. of Car'iladt. 



GILBERT, Hu.MriiRKY, in Biography, defcended from 

 an ancient family in Devonfliire, was born about the year 

 1539. His mother, after becoming a widow, married Mr. 

 Raleigh, by whom flie had fir Walter; of courfe. Hum-, 

 phrey Cill)ert and fir Walter were half brothers, and, as 

 we fliall fee, both became diftinguifhed in the ar.nals of their 

 country. The ful'/jecl; of the prefent article was educated 

 at Eton, and from thence was fent to Oxford to complete 

 his Ihidies. He foon exiiibited a turn of mind better adapt- 

 ed to an acT;ivc than a literarj' life. He was early intro- 

 duced to the court of Elizabeth, and there acquired that 

 ardour of loyalty which fcemed to be the ruling paflion of 

 thofe who approached the queen. His iirll expedition as a 

 w-arrior was at Havre, in 1563, after which he was fent 

 over to Ireland, to aflift; in quelling the diforders in that 

 country, and role to the chief command in the province of 

 Munlter. In 1570 he received the honour of knighthood 

 as a reward for his fervices. In the following year fir 

 Humphrey Gilbert ferved, as a burgefs, in parliament, for 

 Plymouth; and in 1572 he failed with a reinfoixement to 

 colonel Morgan, then aiting in Flanders. He, about this 

 period, became anxious for the advancement of maritime, 

 difcovery, and the improvement and extenfion of trade and 

 commerce; with theie views, in 1576, he publiflied "A. 

 Difcourfe,' to prove a pafTage by the north-well to the 

 Ead Indies.'' He probably defigned to make attempts for 

 the difcovery of this paffage, but an anterior projeft was 

 that of fettling fome of the countries in the northern part of 

 the New World. In 1578 he obtained a patent from the 

 crown for making fettlements in the unoccupied lands of 

 North America, and fitted out an expedition with which 

 he failed for Newfoundland, where he continued a fliort time, 

 and returned witliout having effedlied any thing of import- 

 ance. He, however, perfilled in his defign, and in 1583, 

 in company with his brother, fir Walter Raleigh, returned 

 to Newfoundland, and took poireflion, in the queen's name,, 

 of the harbour of St. .John, and granted leafes of the cir- 

 cumjacent country to thofe of his company who chofe to 

 take them. He carried out with him a Saxon miner, in 

 hopes, no doubt, of finding gold, more than fuflicient to 

 repay them for all their trouble and labour. This man pre- 

 tended to have difcovercd a rich filver mine on the coaft, 

 and dug up fome ore, which fatisfied fir Humphrey that 

 the means of wealth were within their reach. He now fully 

 expefted that he could obtain from the queen the loan of 

 ten thoufand pounds, to enable them to profecute their dif- 

 coveries, but his voyage was truly difaftrous; the largefl: 

 fhip was loft in a ftorm, with all the crew except twelve 

 men, and the miner and the ore periflied at the fame time. 

 He himfelf had fortunately gone on board a fmall floop, for 

 the purpofe of exploring the coaft. After this he refufed 

 to fliift his ftation to his larger remaining velFel, being rc- 

 folved not to defert the little crew with whom he had en- 

 countered fo many dangers. He fteered homeward, in the 

 midft of a tcmpelluous fea, and on the ninth of September, 

 when his fmall bark was in the utmoft danger of foimder- 

 ing, lie was feen, by the crew of the other fliip, fitting in 

 the ftern of the veffel, with a book in his hand, and he was 

 heard to cry out, " Courage, my lads ! we are as near 

 heaven at fea as at land.'' About midnight the bark wa;; 

 fwallowed up by the ocean ; the gallant knight and all his 

 men perilhed with her. Though fir Humphrey Gilbert 

 UJl not effeft a fettleracnt at Newfoundland, yet the pro- 



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