GIL 



Samland ; 28 miles N.W. of Konigfbcrfr.— Alfa, a rirf r of 

 Prufiia, which branches off from the Memel about ■; miles 

 below Tilfit, and runs into the CurifcU Haff, N. lat. ^^* 

 to'. E. long. 21- 24'. 



GILGEN, St. a town of Auftria, 10 miles N.W. of 

 EfTerding. — Alfo, a town of Stiria ; 5 miles N.N.E. of 

 Marburg. 



GILGENEAU, a town of Pruffia, in Oberlaad ; 15 

 milesN.N.W. of Seldau. 



GILGENBURG, a town of Pruffia, in Oberland ; 60 

 miles E. of Culm. N. lat. 53^ 17'. E. long. 19- 57. 



GILGUL Hammetiiin', a Hebrew phrafe, literally fig- 

 nifying the roiling of the dead. To conceive the ufe of this 

 exprcflion it is to be obferved, that the Jews have a tradi- 

 tion that, at the coming of the Mefliaii, no Ifraelite fliall 

 riie a.ny where but in the Holy Land. What, then, fiiall 

 become of all the faithful interred ui other parts ? Shall they 

 periil!, and remain in the ftatc of death ? 



No, fay the Je.vifh doftors ; but God will dig them fub- 

 terranoous canals, or cavities, through which they fliall 

 roll from their tombs to the Holy Land ; and, when they 

 ai'e arrived there, God will blow on them, and raife them 

 again. 



This imaginary paffage of the carcafos, or aflies, of the 

 Jews from their tombs to the Holy Land, by rolling under- 

 ground, is what they call gilgul hammdhin, the rolling of 

 the dead. 



GILIBERTIA, in ^o/jry, named by Prof . Gmelin of 

 Gottiiigen ill his faulty edition of the SylL Nat. of Lin- 

 nasus, v. 2. 682, in honour of John Emanuel Gilibert, 

 author of a Flora Lithuanica, printed in 1781, oclavo, 

 which was fupprefTed by authority of the government of 

 Poland, on account of its alleged imperfections, but which 

 was re]irinted by its author afterwai'ds at Lyons, where he 

 alfo edited various works of Linnaeus. — Willd. Sp. PI. 

 V. 2. 551. (Quivifia ; Cavan. Diff. 367. Juff. 264. La- 

 .marck. lUuilr. t. 302.) — Clafs and order, Decandr'ia Mono- 

 gyn'ta. Nat. Ord. Trihilatic, Linn. MeTut, Juff. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of one leaf, bell-fhaped, 

 with four or five teeth, permanent. Cor. Petals four or 

 five, ovate, obtufe. Neftary of one leaf, cup-(hapcd, 

 {horter than the petals, embracing the germen, with ten 

 marginal teeth. Stam. Filaments none ; antliers eight or 

 ten, ovate, ered, feffile on the teeth of the nectary. P\jl. 

 ' Germen fuperlor, globofe, furrowed, fliorter than the nec- 

 tary ; ftyle fnnple, rifing above the nectary ; ffigma glo- 

 bofe, thick, furrowed. Psrk. Capfule ovate, coriaceous, 

 fplitting half way down into four acute recurved valves, 

 with longitudinal central partitions, feparating it into four 

 cells. Seeds one or two in each cell, ovate, ftr.ooth, affixed 

 10 the columella. 



Eff. Ch. Calyx with four or five teeth. Petals four or 

 five. Nectary cup-fliaped, bearing the anthers on its mar- 

 gin. Capfule ovate, of four cells. Seeds mollly folitary. 



I. G. dtcar.dra. (Quivifia decandra; Cav. n. 531. t. 21 1 .) 

 — Leaves alternate, elhptic-lanceolate, undivided. Flowers 

 five-cleft, decandrous, racemofe. — Gathered by Commerfon 

 in the ifiand of Mauritius. An evergreen fiirub, with nu- 

 merous, alternate, zig-zag branches. Leaves alternate, 

 ftalked, an inch or inch and half long, elliptic-lanceolate, 

 entire, more or lefs acute, fmooth, with one rib and many 

 tranfverfe veins, without ftipulas. Flo'irers from five to 

 nine in each axillary duller, with downy ftalks and calyx. 

 Petals while, elliptical, thrice as long as the calyx, filky 

 at the back, each about a quarter of an inch in lengtli. 

 A'iff^/Try white, about half as long. The habit of the IKrub 

 aad afpe£l o f the flowers, refemble a Limoiila. 



G I L 



2. G. heterophylla. (Quivifia ovata } Cav. u. ^^^1. t. 212- 

 and Qu. heterophylla ; n. 533, t. 2M.j_Leavei obo%aie ,' 

 undivided, finuated, or pinnatifid. Flowers four-cleft, oc- 

 tandrous, fomewhat umbellate — Gathered bv Commerfon 

 in the iflands of Bourbon and Mauritius. The lavet a.-e 

 rather fmaller than in the lall, and remarkable for tiic;r 

 variety of ftiape,-., being either obovatc and blunt, or fome- 

 what pointed, and either undivided, or more or lefs flighll/ 

 waved or finuated, or deeply and accurately pinnatifid like 

 an oak-leal ; all tliefe varieties are found on the fame fpte:- 

 mcn, nor can we feparate (luhifJa ovata, though all the 

 leaves of one plant happened to be undividij, for the ori- 

 ginal fpecimens accord in every other particular. The 



flowers are much fmaller than in the firft fpccies, and grow 

 from two to four together in rather an un.bel, than a clufitr. 

 6'rt^u/<>thefize of a pea, pointed, (lightly filkv. 



3. G. oppofit'iJ'rAia. ("Quivifia oppofilifolia ; 'Cav. n. 534. 

 t. 214.) — Leaves oppofite, elliptical, undivided. Flowers 

 fomewhat umbellate. — Native of the Mauritius. Lcav s 

 broadly elliptical, obtiife, uniform, two inches long, all 

 nearly oppofite, as well as the branche,'!. We have not fen 

 xS.\f:flo'wers. The //•,/;/ is rather umbellate than racemofe, 

 tlie fize of a large pea, furrowed, depreffed, clothed with 

 (hiniiig tawny down, and opening into four or five parts on 

 the fame branch. 



4. G. ruttlans. — Leaves alternate, ovate, pointed, undi- 

 vided. Flowers fomewhat racemofe Gathered by Com- 

 merfon in the Mauritius with the f )rmer, but not de- 

 fcribed by Cavanilles or Willdenow. The kavs are almoft 

 as large as the kill, but more pointed, often oblique, and d- 

 ways alternate. Branches zig-zag. Cluflcrs fliort, raccmof.?, 

 though appearing like httlc umbels, about the len'rth of the 

 footftalks, each of from three to fix flowers, their italks very 

 flightly downy Petals filky at the back, a line long. Fruit 

 of four cells, globofe, four-furrowed, the fizeof apea, clothed 

 with ihort, denfe, rigid, golden-coloured pubcfcencc. 



Commerfon, the only botauifl. who has gathered any fpc- 

 cies of this genus, feems to have intended naming the decan- 

 drous ones Baretia, and the octandrous Abakllj, but thcy 

 cannot be feparated on any botanical principle whatever. All 

 go by the name of Bcis de Owlvi among the French in the 

 iflands of Mauritius and Bourbon, whence Cavanilles con- 

 trived his barbarous name Quivi/ia. Of their qualities or 

 ufcs nothing is mentioned. The names of Baretia and y/irj- 

 iel/a were both intended to commemorate a young wcma'i, 

 who, being defirous of failing round the world, put on men's 

 cloaths, and engaged herfelf as a failor, her real fcx being 

 concealed from all on board, except Commerfon, to whom 

 flie devoted herfelf, pafTing as his fervant. At length, on 

 the an-ival of the fiiip at Otalieite, the more intelligent na- 

 tives difcovered the fecret which had efcaped the penetra- 

 tion of her companions, to their no fma':! ailoniflimcnt. 

 Commerfon contrived the word lor.afdia as a fpecific name, 

 to exprefs her fidelity. The Otahrit.ins, had they undor- 

 ftood Latin, would probablv have invented a better. 



GILIMER, or Gei.i.m.\i{, in Biography., latl king of the 

 Vandals in Africa, a defcendar.t of Genferic, fuccceded to thp 

 throne of his depo.'ed co\ifin Hilderic. The emperor .Tuftinian 

 joined tl'.e caufc of the dethroned fovereign, Li-.d determined 

 do annex the African provinces once more to the Roman 

 tominions. Belifarius was chofen to cxceute the defign, 

 who failed in 533. Zano, the brother of Giliir.er, was, at 

 this time, engaged in the conqneil of Sardinia, by which 

 circumllanee the force cf the Vandals was divided, while a 

 coiiliderable party at l>.ome fliil adhered to the lite kirg 

 Hilueric. Giliir.er aCln-.bkd his troops to refi;! the invader, 

 but being defeated with grc.it flaughter he war. glad te xe- 

 K k 2 tirp 



