G L A- 



the fl.amen'! ; ftyle none ; fligma with two or tliree lobes, 

 downy. Perlc. Pod linear, curved, very lonjf, of two or 

 tlnvc cells, and as many concave vaKes. Seei/s niimeroii?, 

 globular, dotted. Reapiiicle linear, fpongy, parallel to the 

 valves, its furface cellular to recfflve the feeds. 



Eff Ch. Calyx of two leaves. Petals four. Pod fu- 

 perior, linear, of two or three cells and two or three valves. 

 Seids numerous, dotted. 



Ohf This genus is very naturally diitinguifhed from 

 Ch'Moniiim by its habit, and effeiitialiy charaftcrizcd by 

 linvuig more than oue cell in its pod, and no crcil to its 

 iieds. 



I. G. luteum. Yellow Horned-Poppy. Scop. Carii. v. i. 

 569. G^rtn. V. 2 166. (G. flore lutco ; Tourn. Iiilt. 254. 

 Chelidonium glaucium ; Linn. Sp. PI. 724. Engl. ISot. 



t. 8. Papaver conuitum, flore luteo ; Ger. enl. 367 ) 



Stem fmooth. Stem-leaves rounded, waved. Pods roughirli 

 with minute tubercles. Fiowers llaiked. — Native of lun-.'y 

 fea-lhores throughout Europe, flowering in finnmer and au- 

 tumn. Root perennial, tap-(haped. Whole hrrli roiigl.illi 

 and verv glaucous. Slenu three feet hi;di, fprcading, 

 branched, leaty, fmooth. Radical Lliiks nuini-rou;'., pitma- 

 tilid in a lyrate form ; the reft rounded, wavy or linuatcd, 

 alternate, felTile, clafping the Hem. Flowers folilary, on 

 axillary or terminal ilalks, two inches broad, of a full 

 Ihining yellow. Their caly.x is hifnid and deciduous, and 

 the petals lall but one day. Tlie ^5<Zr are often near a foot 

 long, cylindrical, but coniprefied. 



2. G.ftdvtim. Orange Horned-Poppy. Sm. Exot Eot. 

 V. I. II. t. 7. (G. glabrum, flore phcenicco ; Tourn ]nll. 



Z54 ? Chelidonium corniculatum ; Donn. Cant. ed. 5.1-^1 .1 

 — Stem fmooth. Stem-leaves rounded, waved. Pods rough. 

 Flowers nearly fefhle. — Suppofed to be a native of the 

 fonth of Eui-opp, but we know it as a garden plant only. 

 This diifers from the former in the rather more bine call of 

 iti herbage, nearly or quite feffile^yZsTw/v, and Imaller petals 

 of a rich tawnv orange-colour. We have thought the rool 

 annual, but we lind it will lurvive a mild winter, about as 

 well as the hrft fpccies, v.-hich indeed is often killed, and 

 never lives many years, at Icaft in a garden. The G, /;//- 

 nsim, whether a diltinci fpecies or only a permanent variety, 

 propagates itfelf by feed and remains unaltered. Its flowers, 

 contrailed with the leaves, have a lingularly elegant effect. 

 Their petals fall, in hot weather, before noon, but in the 

 autumn will endure till the ne.Kt morning, or longer, wliieii 

 is alfo the cafe when they are gathered and placed in a room. 

 -^If our quotation of Tournefort be right, our plant is 

 floured in Lobel's Icones 271, f. 2, but not happily. 



3. G. rubruin. Red Horned-Poppy. Sm. Prodr. Fl. 

 Grxc. V. 1.357. (G. orientale, flore magno rubro ; Tourn. 

 Cor. 18 ! — Stem hairy. Stem-leaves pinnatilid, cut. Pod 

 Ihditly hairy.— ^Gathered by Dr. Sibthorp by the way- 

 fidc between Smyrna and Bnrfa, as well as in the ifle of 

 Rhodes Tlie root feems to be aiuiual. Slims fpreading, 

 or nearlv proftrate, clothed with fuft expanded liairs. 

 titcmknves elongated, and deeply piniatlfid, by «wliich it 

 eji'enliaily differs from both the piecediig, as it does from 

 t'.e following in the foft hairs, initcid of rigid briiUes, 

 winch clothe the pods and ftem. The Jloivers arc Italkcd, 

 v.ith obovate petals, narrower and flatter than in either of 

 tiie termer, of a tawny red, witii a violet Ipot on the claw. 

 L-obei's Papaver corniculatum phoeniceum alterum, Ic. 271. 

 f. 2, agrees with this rather than with the lalt in its petals, 

 and fomewhat in its leases; but if Tournefort be correft, 

 it cannot be deligned for the prefent Ipecies, which he gives 

 in his Corolla as diflerent from all he had prcvioufly cnu- 

 jneratcd, including Lobel's plant. 

 Vol.. XVL 



4 

 9^.4. 



'435- 

 . comi- 



G L A 



G phaniccum. Scarlet Horncd-Poppy. Sm. Fl Brit- 

 Prodr. Fl. Gric. V. ,. 357. E„g|. ]lct. t. ' 

 l'iriutum,fiorephflcniceo; Tourn. Intl. 2 r4 G 

 cuatum ; Curt. Lond. fafc. 6. t. 32. Chehdonium' comi_ 

 culatum; Lmn. Sp. PI. 72+. Papaver con,utum, flor. 

 p!.ocn,ceo; Lob. Ic. 27.. f. ,.)- Found in cultivated 

 helds in the fouth of Europe ; a doubtful native of Enaland. 

 though ealdy natundi.ed in a garden. It isannual. flower. 

 nig in fummcr and autumn, and grows rather more en-rt 

 and bulhy than the lall, from which it dilferd in the nirA 

 clolc-prefTed brillles which clothe the pods. The pj. 

 moreover are larger, rounder, and of a rich fcarlet, tIioui/1 



each n:nrL-f^.1 vwitl, ., ,ri..t.^^ f....» 1:1-, .r. I_ii , . , .. ^- 



iVt 



I 



each marked with a violet fpot like the lall ; and the fprr-ad 

 ing bniMes on the Jlan are very diflerent from tjje foft hair^ 

 ot that ipecies. 



5. G. vioLc.um. Violet Horned-Poppy. Sm. Fl. Brit. 

 565. Prodr II. Gr^c. v. ,. 3,-8. (G. flore violaceo ; 

 lourn Inft. 254. Chelidonium hybridum ; Linn. Sp. PI 

 724. Engl. Bot. t. 20:.)- Leaves bipinnatifid, linear. 

 i^uds ot three valves. - Native of tiolds in the fouth of 

 Em-ope; rare in England. The root is annual. Sttm 

 biahciod, upright and bulhy, a foot high, occafiODalTx- 

 iinooth, or ck.ihed with fpreading hairs, as is likewifc Un- 

 cale with the /t«i..-j-, which are twice, or even thrice, pin- 

 natifid ; their fcgments linear and acute. Fhwert rather 

 large, of a line violet colour ; their pods of three valves. 



thoii! 



.•iy llage 



were 

 enUeavour 



.h fcaicely three-celled, e,\cept in an 

 their formation. 



Gj.alcilm, in Ornithology, a namegiven by BrifTon to the 

 An .\ s Fuligula or tufted duck. See D U( K ; and alfo to ttie 

 Av As Mania, or fcaup-duck. See Dlck. 



GLAUCOM.\, or Gi..\lco.sis, a term, in Sarrrrr, 

 importing, with the Greeks, according to Mr. .Samuel 

 Sh.irp, what the Latin writers ueder:iaiiJ bv /i^fuf^a, 3nd 

 \s hat we call a catarmV. This dif-:ife, as we have cffewherc 

 explained, is an opacity of the cryitalline lens. (See Ca- 

 T.VK.VCT.) MAilre-.Tcan, St. Yve.,, ar.d other oculills. hoiv- 

 ever, think, that glaucoma is a Cat;u-;id complicated with 

 the gutta ferena, or an infenfilde Hate of tlie retina and 

 optic nerve. (See Gt'tr.v S!;iti;.sA.) The word is derived 

 from y?.z!;,to-, ilii^, the pi.pil frequently having that colour. 

 Scmie writers have regarded glaucoma 'as a defect of fight, 

 originating from an opaque, or otlicrwife morbid ftate of the 

 vitreous humour. Such a cafe is uncommon j b'lt 

 an opacity of this kind to impede vifion, an end 

 Ihoiild be made to difperfe it with fmall dt).'es of calomel, 

 and by expoihig the eye to the vapour of ether. In the 

 event of thefe means failing, the opacity might be broken 

 and diilnrbed with a couching-neodle. The fungus hx- 

 matodes of the eve mullbe difcriminated. Sec Ff.scis. 



GLAUCOPIS, in Ornill.'Qlcgy, a genus of llie order 

 Pica;. The bill is incurvate and arched ; the lower man. 

 dible Ihorter, and carunculate beneath at the bafe ; noHrils 

 deprefled, and half-covered with a fomee.hat cartilaginous 

 m.embiane ; tongue fnbeartilaginoiis, divided at the end, 

 and ciliated ; legs formed for walking ; toes three before 

 and one behind. 



The only fpecies of this extraordinary gcniks at p- ,' ■ 

 known, is the wattle bird of Dr. ForJli-r.'defcribeii 

 Voyages of Captain Cook, and which appears, fi.iM ;,: • 

 later obfervations of other naturalills, to becxclufivelv con- 

 iilied to the Auftialafian regions. Its fi/.e is equal ti) lliit 

 of the jay, the leiigtli from the bill to the tail iiiteen iucld-s. 

 The bill remarkably llrong, an inch and a quarter in L ^'1 . 

 and of a black colour. 'I'lie iiodrils are fituated in :, 1 - 

 low at the bafe of the bill, and arc haU-cuveivd bv a 

 branous cartilage \\hich fall.-, over as a cover. Its .^ 



X.X ,,, 



