G N A 



G N A 



/?raiglit, nen(?cr, acute, moiUy longer than the leaves. 

 Thejloivers and fnii/ feeni to bo unknown. We liavo only 

 Burniann's veryVceblc authority fur making this a Gmelina, 

 which its alternate crenatc loaves llrongly difcouiiteiiante, 

 lior did Linnxus ever venture to adopt it. S. 



GMUND, in Geography. See Gf.mun-de-V. 



GNAA, a town of tlie duchy of Stiria ; 24 railes S.E. 

 of Gratz. 



GNADENHUETTEN, a fettlomont of the Moravi- 

 ans in America, litnated on Mnflnr.gum river, oppoiitc to 

 Sideni, in the lands which belonged to the Mahikan Indi.ins. 

 — Alfo, the name of a Moravian fettlement, on the S.W. 

 bank of Lehigh rivt;r, in Pennfylvania, about 29 miles N.W. 

 of Bethlehem. — Alfo, a Moravian fettlement, called K^iu 

 Cn.itlenbiieltcn, on Huron river, about 22 miles from lake St. 

 Clair, in the county of Wayne, and 2S N.W. of De- 

 troit. 



GNAPEEZEIK, a town of Birmah, on the Irawaddy ; 

 fo called from Gnapee, or Napee, a fort of fprat, lialf 

 pickled and half putrid, ufed as a fauce by the Birmans, 

 and forming an cxteiifive branch of trade : 1 10 miles N.N.W. 

 ©f Rangoon. • 



GNAPHALIUM, in Bolany, yva^xXi-v, an ancient Greek 

 name, from y:aif-j.\',;, foft down or wool, fuch as is plucked 

 from cloth in drefling it, alluding to the woollinefs of tl-.e 

 licrbage. Many writers have contended that Sautolina man- 

 timaoi Linnxus, and Sm. Fl. Brit. 860, is the true yv^-ja- 

 >r.v of Diofcorides, an opinion extremely difficult to efta- 

 blifii or to contrndift, as all he fays of it is, that " its leaves 

 are white and foft, ufeful for Huffing.'' However this may 

 be, Tournefort, and lately Gitrtner, have retained that 

 plant, as the true and only fpecies of Giinpbal'ium. The 

 Gnaphalhim of Linnxus however is a very extenfive and 

 com prehen live genus, from v.-hich fome fpecies have of 

 late been feparated. See Ei.iriiRY.suM. — Cnd-weed. — I.,inn. 

 trcn. 419. Schreb. 550. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. 1849. 

 Mart. Mdl. Dicl. v. 2. Ait. Hort. Kev.-. v. 3. 173. Sm. 

 Fl. Brit. 867. Juff. 179. (Elichryfiim; Gccrtn. t. \6r->. 

 Antennaria ; G^rtn t. 167. Anaxeton ; G:ertn. t. 166? 

 Filago ; Giertn. t. 166. SeeFlLAGO. ) Clafs and order, 

 Syngenefia Polygami^i-Jiipcrflua. Nat. Ord. Compqfix Nttca- 

 mfritacca, Linn. Crjry/nl'ifera, Juff. 



Gen. Ch. Cominon calyx imbricated, rounded ; fcales 

 numerous, the marginal ones ^)aTKled, fcariofe, coloured. 

 Cor. com^'.'ound ; florets of the dilk perfect, t\ibular, funnel- 

 fliaped, in live equul retlexcd marginal legments ; fome 

 female one?, without a corol'a, are often intermixed towards 

 the margin. Stam. (in the perfetl florets) Filaments five. 

 Very (hart, capillary ; anthers forming a cylinder. P'lf}. (in 

 the fame florets) Germen ovate ; Ityle thread-dmp -d, the 

 length of tlie itamcns ; lligma cloven. In the female ones 

 the fame. Perk, none, except the permanent (hining c.ilyx. 

 Sreds in both kinds of florets alike, folitary, oblong, fniall, 

 crowned with capillary or feathery down. Reccpt. naked, 



ElT. Ch. Receptacle naked. Down capillary or fea- 

 thery. Calyx imbricated, its inaer fcales rounded, fcariofe, 

 coloured. 



WiUdenow reckons 146 fpeci-js of Gnaphnlium, of which 

 ■^2 are flir.b'iv, with filv.'ry, wliiteor criir.fon fiov/ers, or 

 rather without any golden tinge; 12 are of a yellow or 

 golden coloiM", likovifc fhrabby ; 19 are herbaceous, with 

 ycUivvifh flo.vers; 28 herbaoioijs, v.-ilh v.hite or reddidi 

 oues ; and 29 have the inconfpicuaus whitifh blodbms of 

 the Fibga family. Tiie remaining 26 are fpecies defi.ied 

 l)y Thunbcrg, witho-.it any attention to thefe leading fec- 

 tjoosvif the genus, fo that it is impoffible to fay to which 



they belong. Ten fpecies, all herbaceous, are defcribed as 

 natives of Britain. 



1 n this large gei?us it is by no means certain that all the 

 fjHcies correftly anfwer to the generic character, particu- 

 larly in the receptacle,' which is not always Itriftly Kaked, 

 but bears a few bridles towards the margin, thus becoming 

 an ylna.viicn of Gartner. 



The marginal fcales alio, being fometimcs a httle pointed 

 and reflexed, intrench upor: the proper chai-acler of Elkhry' 

 fii:ii ; fee that article, lu faft thefe genera are naturally 

 one and the fame, but, on account of their great extent, 

 are conveniently feparated by the charafter, though an 

 imperfeift one, of the more radiating calyx of Elichryfiim. 

 I.,ii)nx-us's error confided in refernng the latter to Xe' 

 rini'hemiim, which has a dili'erent habit and a chaffy re- 

 ceptacle. 



The firft fpecies in Willdcnow, G. exhmum, Linn. Mant. 

 573. Curt. Mag. t. 300, is one of the moil fpleudid. 

 The lea-v!s are clothed with very thick white wool, and 

 the ftirubby flem is terminated by a large coryinbus of 

 Jioiu.rs, whofe calyx is the fizc and (hape of a raipbcrry- 

 truit, of a rich fliining crimfon. The Jloreis are orange- 

 £olourcd. It grows about 500 miles up the country above 

 the Cape of Good Hope, and was for a long time known 

 to European botaniils merely by dried fpecimens, (one 

 of which is figured by Edwards in his Hillory of Birds, 

 t. 183), brought occafionally to the Cape by the didant 

 fettlers. 



Several other.-i of the flirubby kinds are ver)- ornamental 

 to our green-houfes. 



Of the herbaceous forts G. fal'idum, whofe flowers, 

 ufually yellow, are occafionally white or filvery, always 

 very fplendid, is one of the moll remarkable, but the ftrong 

 fmell of its vifcid herbage wlien touched is offcnfive to molt 

 people. G. orientale is fomewhat (hrubby, though ranged 

 with the herbaceous one.^. Its fliining lemon-coloured 

 ilowers frequently ferve for ornamental purpcfes, and are 

 known by the name of Eierltijlhig, a name appropriate to 

 the whole genus. 



G. margr.riuicciim, Engl. Bot. t. 201S, ferves in Wales, 

 where it grov.s wild, to adorn the graves of the depai'tcd, 

 elegantly alluding to immortality by the unfadmg nature 

 of its flowers, and to Ipotlefs purity oy tl.cir fnowy white- 

 jiefs. Tliis plant is often cultivated in cottage gardens. 



G. dioictim, Engl. Bot. t. 267, the Anltnimria of Gart- 

 ner, fo called from its plumy crown to the feed, is one 

 of our mod elegant fpecies, found on dry rather moun- 

 tainous heaths. The Jloiuc-rs are of a beautiful rofe- 

 colour. 



The Cape of Good Hope is mod fertile in this ger.us, 

 but feveral fine fpecies grow in South America, and there 

 are loine from New Holland to be added to what are eiui- 

 meratedin Vv''il!denow. The mountains and fields of difier- 

 ent parts of Europe produce various fpecies, but few o-f 

 the more handfome, except G. archarmm, Fl. Dan. t. 641, 

 and its near relation G olympkum of our gardens, gatl-.rred 

 about the Bithynlan Olympus by Dr. Sibthorp ; both v.-liich 

 vie with G. orkntale in their Ihining g.jlden or lemon colour, 

 and the olympkum at lead is a hardy perennial, of eafy 

 culture. 



Gnapii.vlium, in Gardening, affords plants of the herba- 

 ceous and under flirubby kinds : of which tlie fpicies n.ofily 

 cultivated are, the tree eV'^rLiding (G. arboreum); the 

 red-flowered everlading (G. ignefcens) ; the eadern ever- 

 laii ing, or immortal flower (G. orientale); the fwcet- 

 fceiited everlading, or eternal flower (G. odoratiffim.um) ; 

 the American everlading, ax eternal ilower (G. margari- 



toceuiu); 



