G O L 



G O L 



allow of nothinsT fnpeniatmal in it, advance noiliiiig but con- 

 jeAiires as to tlie manner ol the procels. 



Mofes could not have done it by a liniple calcination, nor 

 amalgamation, nor antimony, nor calcination : nor is thei-e 

 une of thofe operations tliat quadrates with the text. 



Mr. Stahl has endeavoured to remove this difBculty. The 

 method Mofes made uie of, in making his auntm potabilc, 

 according to this author, was the fame with that which now 

 obtains ; only, inltead of tartar, he made ule of the 

 Egyptian natron, which is common enough throughout the 

 Ealt. 



Golden Cape, in Geo^rnpby, a cape of England, on tl'.e 

 W. coaft of Dorfetfhirc. N. lat. 50-' 43'. W. long. 2' 50'. 



Gulden Cups, a name by which fome caU the ranimcylas, 

 •r crow-foot. 



Golden Eye, in Ormthohgy, tlie Anas Clangula. See 

 Duck. 



Golden Eye, a fpecies of fly. See Ciirysopls. 



Golden Fleece, in the Ane'unt Mythology. Sec Argo- 

 VAUTIC. 



Golden Fleece, O/v/ivo/" /i^, is a military order, inftituted 

 by Philip the Good, duke of Burgundy, in 1429. 



It took its denomination from a reprefentation of the 

 golden fleece, borne by the knights on their collars, which 

 coiififted of flints and ftcels. I'lie king of Spain is now 

 grand mailer of the order, in quality of duke of Burgundy : 

 the number of knights is fixed to thirty-one. 



It is ufually laid to have been initituted on occafion of an 

 iaimenle profit which that prince made by wool ; thougli 

 others will have a chemical niyftery couched under it, as under 

 that famous one of the ancientp, winch the adepti contend 

 to be no other tlian the iecret of the elixir, written on the 

 fleece of a Iheep. 



Golden Flo-ajcr, in Botany. See CirRY.s.VNTiiEMrM. 



Golden Flower-gentle, a name fometimes given to feveral 

 fpecies of the amaranth. 



Golden Head, in Ornhhulogy, a water-fowl, otbervi'ifc 

 called anas arH'ica. See Duck. 



Golden IJland, in Geography, a fmallifland at the entrance 

 of the gulf of Darien, in Terra Fir^ia, S. America. N. 

 lat. f." 20'. W. long. 72= 32'. 



Golden Laie, a lake of the ifland of Borneo. N. lat. 3^ 

 55'. E. long. 115-^45'. 



Golden Lung-'wort, in Botany. See Hieracium. 

 Golden Malden-hair. See Adi.vntu.m flWi'um, and Po- 



LYTRICHUM. 



Golden Mnufc-ear. See Hier.acium. 



Golden Number, in Chronology. See Cycle of the Moon, 

 and Nu-MBER. 



Golden Prebendary of Hereford. See Prebendary. 



Golden River, in Geography, a river of America, which 

 runs into the Miififippi, N. lat. 43" 20'. W. long. 92' 2'. 



Golden River, or Rio del Oro, a river of America, which 

 runs into the Spanifh Main, N. lat. 14' 44'. W. long. 82° 



55'- , . . 



Golden Rod, or Saracen's Wound-ivort, virga aurea, in 

 Botany. See Soi.iD.vco. 



Golden Rod Tne. See Bo.sea. 



Golden Rule, in /Irilhmelic, a rule or praxis of gi-eat ufe 

 and extent in the art of numbers, whereby we find a fourth 

 proportional to tluee quantities given. The Golden Rule is 

 idfo called the Rule of Three and Rule of Proportion. 

 Sec its nature and ufe under the article Ri'LE of Three. 



Golden A;//;/)/'//-^ is a Ipecies ot the inula or elecampane. 

 (See Ini'LA.) It grows naturally on the fca-coalls in many 

 p.-.rts of England, and is fometimes fold in. the London mai"- 



ket for the true famphire, though entirely deftitute of its 

 warm aromatic talle. Sec S.\mpiiire. 



Golden Sa.rifrage. See Ciiry.soplenium. 



Golden Stole, order of the. See Stole. 



Golden Sulphur of yiniimony. Sec Antimony. 



Golden Thijlle, in Botany. See Scolymu.s. 



GOLDENSTEIN, in Geography, a town of Moravia, 

 in the circle of Olmutz ; 32 mfies from Olmutz. 



GOLDENSTETT, a'town of Germany, in the country 

 of Diepholz ; 1 1 miles N. of Diepholz. 



GOLDENTRAUN, a town of Upper Lufatia; 16 

 miles S.E. of Gorlitz. N. lat. 50^ if. E. long. 15 26'. ■ 



GOLDINGEN, a town of the duchy of Courland, fitu- 

 ated near the river Weta, defended by an old callle, and con-, 

 taining two churches ; 48 miles W.N.V/. of Mittaw. N. lat. 

 56' 51'. E. long. 21 ' 44'. 



GOLDLAUTER, a town of Germany, in the county 

 of Henneberg, f2 miles N.E. of Meinungen. 



GOIjUMAN, NK}rOL.'Vs, in 7)'/r;^/;;^/jj', a mathematician, 

 was born at Breilaw, in Sdefia, in the year 1623, and died at 

 Eeyden in 1 665. The works by which he is generally known 

 are •' Elemcnta Arehitectur;E Mifitaris,'' .1643. " Dc 

 Ufu Proportionarii Ciiculi.'l " De Stylometricis," 1662, 

 and another trcatii'e " On Arch.itefture," p\ibli(lied in 1696, 

 with numerous engravings, and the life of the author. Mo- 

 reri. 



GOLDONI, CuARLT'.s, was born at Venice in the year. 

 1707. Almoft from his infancy he gave indication of a hu-. 

 morons charafter, and a propeniity to dramatic performances. 

 Before he could well read he became an author, and wrote the 

 plan of a comedy by the time he was eight yeai's old. This, 

 piece pofTefTcd fo mucli merit, that it reqifired the tellimony of 

 reipedtable witneffes to verify its being the produtfion of a 

 child. He received the elements of education at Venice, 

 from this city he went to the Jefuits' college at Perugia to 

 ihidy rhetoric, and afterwards he iludied philofophy at Ri- 

 n-.ini. His mind was, however, too deeply engaged in thea- 

 trical exhibitions to make the fyftem of Ariftotle a predo- 

 minant purfuit. E^•cry leifiu'e moment lie fpcnt at the tlica- 

 tre, till at length he pafled from the pit to die ftage, and 

 joined a company, of players. This, by his own account, was 

 an error, which drew after it many ferious confequences. He 

 had been intended by his father for the profeflion of phyfic, 

 which he was unable to ftudy : he was then foliclted to prepare 

 himfelf for the bar, and was engaged, after many changes, in 

 praiSiice at the courts of Venice. After this he was appointed 

 iecretary to the Venetian refident at Milan, where he became 

 acquainted with the manager of the theatre., and wrote 

 a farce for him, entitled " The- Venetian Gondolier,' which 

 was performed and printed : by degrees he 'became united to 

 the company, and compofed many pieces for them. He now 

 turned his thoughts towards reforming the Italian llage, and 

 fo earned was he in his proiefts, that it is faid in a fingle year 

 he wrote fixteen new comedies, befidcs forty-tv.-o other 

 pieces for the theatre, and among thefe are reckoned fome of 

 his bell produftions. The firft edition of his works was pub- 

 lifiied in 1753 "' "^ ^'°'^' ^'■'°- After tliis iie publiilied many 

 additional pieces under the title of the " New Comic Theatre.''- 

 He had compofed 59 other pieces fo late as the year 1 761, 

 and here clofes the literary life of Goldoni in Italy. Ele . 

 now repaired to Piu-is, and was as zealous in his endeavours to 

 reform the Italian theatre thei'e as he had been in his own 

 country. His firft attempt was in a piece called the " Fa-, 

 ther of. Love," but the. bad fuccefs of this comedy was a 

 lufficient warning to him to defift from his undertaking. He- 

 continued, during the remainder of his engagement, to pro- 

 duce piece* agreeable to the general talte, and publiihed ; 



twenty--. 



