G M 



Putfcitita, but Hand on each fide of tlie bafc of the common 

 footftalk, being a pair of acute flat clore-prcffed leaves, cx- 

 ti-emcly ntinute, and often altogether wanting. The flowers 

 are yellow, generally numerous!, large andliandfome ; in G. 

 fcabrum they are purple when dried, but this is fufpefted 

 to be an alteration of their original hue, and they are 

 judged, from tlie analogy of Dav'njia, to be yellow, with 

 crimfon keel and wings, when frefh. 



All the fpecies, as far as hitherto known, are natives of 

 New Holland. S. 



GOMPHOSIS, in Anatomy, from youZo.; a nail, denotes 

 the manner in which the fangs of the teeth are fixed in their 

 fockets. 



GOMPHRENA, in Bohiny, a name adopted by Lin- 

 nxus from Dalechamp, and which is perverted from the 

 Cromphaia of Pliny. Linnsus made it clafllcal by an allu- 

 fion to ■)5iy.po;, J nciil, 'zvf/fge, or c/i/l/, which can but obfcurely 

 apply to the round head of flowers. See Ghomi'IIexa. — 

 Linn. Gen. 123. Schreb. 172. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 1. 1321. 

 Mart. Mill. Dia. v. 2. Ait. Hort. Kew v. i. 318. Jufl". 88. 

 Lamarck. lUuftr. t. i8o. Gitrtn. t. 128. ( Amaranthoides; 

 Tournef. t. 429.) — Clafs and order, PaiUtndrla Digynia. 

 Nat, Ord. Holeraceit, LiJin. AmarmilJn, Jufl". 



Gen. Ch. reformed; Cat. Periantii inferior, coloured, 

 membranous, permanent, double ; the outer of two large, 

 comprefTed, keeled leaves, cohering by their inner margins, 

 and one fraaller ; inner in five deep, awl-fliaped, upright, 

 downy fegments. Cor. of one petal, tubular, cylindrical, 

 the length of the inner calyx ; its margin equally five-cleft, 

 ■fpreading. Slam. Fi!a;nent3 five, very fliort, inferted into 

 tlie orifice of the corolla, betwixt its fegments ; anthers 

 ere£l, roundilh, clofing the mouth of the corolla. P'ljl. 

 Gcrmen ovate, pointed, fuperior ; ftyles ihort, cohering at 

 their bottom part ; lligmas fimple, obtufe, fcarcely reaching 

 ■to the ftamens. Perk. Capfule rcundifh, membranous, of 

 one cell, buriling all reund. Seed folitary, large, roundidi, 

 with an oblique point. 



Eff, Ch, Calyx coloured, the outer of three unequal 

 leaves ; inner in five deep fegments. Corolla cylindrical, 

 five-toothed, bearing the llamens at its orifice. Capfule 

 burfting all round. Seed foUtary. 



The fpecies of Gr,mplirena come under the denomination 

 of Everlaftings, or Amaranths, on account of the perma- 

 nent nature of their calyx when dried, which retains its ori- 

 ginal colour and fplendour. 



G. ghbofu. Globe Amaranth, a native of India, is com- 

 monly railed on a hot-bed, and planted out in our borders, 

 like other tropical annuals. It is alfo frequently kept in 

 pots to decorate the (love or green-houfe. The original 

 crimfon fort is much more liajidfome than the paler varie- 

 gated variety. 



G. feremiis, figured in DilL Hort. Elth. t. 20, a native 

 of Buenos Ayres, is fcarcely cultivated but in curious 

 garijcns, having fmall heads of yellovvilh flowers of no re- 

 markable beauty. 



There are eight fpecies befides in Willdcnow, of which 

 the arborejeens, Linn. Suppl. 173, is by far the moll re- 

 markable. This was not fent to I.innaus by Mutis from 

 New Granada, as erroneoufly aflfcrted by the younger Lin- 

 nseus in the Suppkmmlum, but by Vandelli, who received it 

 from Brazil, and who has defcribed it under the name of 

 Bragar.t'ii, in his Eafc. Plant, p. 6. The J/cm is woody, 

 round, leafy, clothed with rigid, prominent, brown hairs, 

 as are alio the Imva, wiiich are nppofite, obovate, obtule, 

 entire, about three inches long, and half as broad. Heads 

 terminal, folitary, tl>e fize of an African Marigold or 

 TagcUs, pale red or whitifli, compufed of innumerable 

 V01..XVL 



CON 



flowerj, the fegments of whofe calyxei are aborf ai iflcl, 

 lon^, hnear, acute and cliafTy, clothed in iheir low.-r part 

 witli long denfe filky hairs. We know of no figure of thi» 

 fine plant. 



Mr. Brown, Prodr. Fl. Nov. HoU. v. i. 416, addi four 

 new fpecies to Gomphmia, while he remov< a from it th» 

 hrafdl.-nfis and vermieularii, which, with two new one? from 

 the trujiical part of New Holland, he forms into a new- 

 genus, PhUo.venis. He confidcrs v.hat wc term corolla iis 

 Gomphrena, as the tube of the united filaments 



GoMi'ilHKN'A, in Gardaiing, contains a plant of the 

 flowery annual kind, of which the fpecies cultivated U, the 

 annual globe amaranth (G. globofa.) 



It is a fine flowerini' i)lant, the head.^ of which at their 

 firft appearance are globular, but as they jncr-afe in fize 

 become oval, and, according to Martyn, the flov.ering headi 

 are extremely beautiful, and, if gathered before they are 

 too far advanced, retain their beauty fevcral years. 



There are varieties with fme bright purple heads, with 

 white or filvery heads, which never alter from feeds, with 

 mixed colours, with purple and with white heads, which 

 two lall :.re much fmaller and rounder than the others ; the 

 plants alfo grow much larger and fpread more into branehti, 

 and are later before they flower; thcfe are called batchelor'* 

 buttons in America. • 



Miihod of Culture. — It may be incrcafed by fo wing the 

 feeds annually, in pots of light frcfli mould, in the early 

 fpring months, and phuiging th.-m in the bark hot-bed. 

 When the plants are up, they fliould be watered often with 

 care ; and, after they have attained iom<i growth, be re- 

 moved with balls about their roots into other ui^ts, and 

 replunged in the hot-bed. When they have had fome' 

 growth in this fituation, they fliould be removed into a deep 

 frame, being placed in a frefli hot-bed, to bring them up tall 

 and handfomc. Afterwards tliey fliould be often refreflied 

 with water, and have air admitted freely as the fummer 

 advances, till they arc capable of bearing it without injury ; 

 when about Augufl tiiey may be fet out during the day- 

 time, being protecled in the night, and from wet weather. 

 At this yeriod they fliould be watered three or four times a 

 week at lead, in a rather fparing manner. 



They aff'ord a good eftecl when fet out in the principal 

 fituatiims about the houfe, in afTcmblage with other plant* 

 of the potted kinds. 



GOMRAPENDV, in Geography, a town of Hindooflan, 

 in the Canuuie ; 25' miles N. of Madras. 



GOM.S, one of the feven independent dixains or common* 

 wealths of the Upper Vallais, in Switzerland; called ifixain, 

 becaufe the Upper and Lower Vallais comprehend 10 

 dillricls, each being a dixain or tenth of the whole. Gomi 

 is fituated at the foot of mount Grimfel, and extends alonr 

 the bank of the Khone ; and is fo called from a t.>\vn, 35 

 miles E. of Sion. See Vai.l.m.s. 



GOMl'T, a river of Bengal, which runs into the Magna, 

 near Chandpour. 



QoMi r Peperee, a town of Hindooftan, in Dowlatabad; 

 fix miles N. of Amednagur. 



GOMUTTRA SfLagitta, in ^\lluraf H[,hry, the 

 name given by the Indians to a kind of fufnl, found in groat 

 plenty on the mount Vimly in the Eaft Indies, iu places, a« 

 they obfcrve, \vhere the cows frequently unue. It ig ■ 

 bitmuinous fubflance, and after cdcination the rofiduiim i« 

 given in cafes of internal ulcers and in gonorrhaas, Thr 

 Indians fuppofed it formed by the drying up of tl»e cow's 

 urine. ' 



GONAGRA, compofedof y>v, y(;;a, and a;'),ot, c.7f>tvrj, 

 C'l-Jn^, in Mtdidnf, the gout in the knee See Gorr. 



3 K GONAM* 



