G O N 



The ri'lJrefs of the Venetiafi gondoliers, in pafTing aloP'T 

 their narrow citials, is very remarkable; there arc ufimllv two 

 to each gondola, and they row by pufhiiig before them. 

 The fore-m^.n relU his oar on the left fide of the gondola : 

 the hind-man is placed on the ftern, that he may fee 

 t!ie head over the tilt or covering of the gondola, and 

 reds his oar, which is ver)- long, on the right fide of the 

 gondola. 



Gondola is alfo the name of a palFage-boat of fix or 

 eight oars, ufed in other parts of the coaft of Italy. 



GoXDor,.v-yZi //. in Natural Hifiory, a name given by au- 

 thors to a peculiar kind of concha ;^!obofa, fiippofed, in fonie 

 degree, to reprefent the (hape of a Venetian boat. It is of 

 the genus of the dol'ium, and there are feven fpccies of it. 

 See Doi.u'M and Coxciiology 



GONDOMAR, in Geography, a town of Spain, in Ga- 

 licia ; 6 miles E. of Bavona. 



GONDRECOURT, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Meufe, and chief place of a canton, in the dif- 

 trict of Commercy. The place contains 1 1 13, and the can- 

 ton 8973 inhabitants, on a territory of 340 kiliometres, in 

 24. communes. 



GONDUFEE, a town cf Africa, in the kingdom of 

 Kong; ICO miles SE. of Kong. 



GONDWARRAH, a town of Bengal; 15 miles 

 S.S.W. of Purneah. 



GONESSE, a tovi-n of France, in the department of the 

 Seine and Oiie, and chief place of a canton, iu tlic diihicl 

 of Pontoife,ninemilesN. of Paris. The place contains 2400, 

 and the canton 14,811 inhabitants, on a territory of 182} 

 kiliometres, in 22 communes. 



GONET, JoKX B.VPTIST, in Biography, was born at 

 B;7,iLrs in the year 1616. He embraced the eccleliatUcal 

 liff when he was young, and was admilted to the degree of 

 dodlor of divinity by the univerfity of Bourdeaux in the 

 year 1640. He was at the fume tijne eledted to the profef- 

 forfliip of theology hi that univerfity, an office which he 

 held with great dignity till the year 1 67 I, when he was ap- 

 pointed provincial among tl'.e Dominican friars. In 1675 he 

 refumcd his labours as profeffor, which he continued about 

 two years, ard then retired to his native place, where he 

 died in 16S1. He was autlior of a fyilem of divinity, er.- 

 titled " Clypceus Theologis Thomilllca?, contra novos ejus 

 impugnatores," firll publilhed at Bourdeaux in 1666, iu 

 eighteen volumes iznio., but it was afterwards enlarged, 

 and printed in five volumes folio. He was likewife author 

 of a " Mannale Thomillarum, feu brevis Theologix Cur- 

 fus,'' which has pafied through different edition?, of which 

 the bed was publifhed at Lyons in 1 68 1 : and " Differta- 

 tio Theologica de Probabilitate." Moreri. 



GONFALON, or Goniwxok, a kind of round tent, 



borne as a canopy, at the head of the procefiions of the 



principal churches at Rome, in cafe of rain ; its verge or 



banner ferving for a fiieltcr, where there is not a great deal 



. of attendance. 



GONG, a Chinefe metalline, mufical inrtrument of per- 

 cufllon, in the form of a flat bafon, with a ridge round it, 

 and beaten by a mallet covered with feveral folds of wool- 

 len cloth. It is ca.-rieu on a pole by two men, and beaten 

 by the hindmoft. In the march of an armv, it is ufed as a 

 military in llrument to regulate the ileps of the ioldier^i ; 

 when ftruck with great force, it is fufiiciently loud to be 

 heard at a mile's diliance ; but fo confufed is the found, that 

 . no diftincl tone can be afcertalned. Yet by reiterated gen- 

 tle (Irokes on the fame part of the bottom of the bafon a 

 mufical tone may be produced ; but dilleri'ut parts of ^ the 

 circle produce tones of diiTercnl gravity and aculenels. 



G O N 



It IS ufed in proceflions, and at court on Jays of ceremo- 

 ny and feftivals, in concert with other inltr'uincnts, as a 

 double drum. On the water, in vefTels that are rowed, thi» 

 inilrument regulates the Arokes of the oars. 



It is formed of brafs or bron/.c, and called Lu by the 

 Chinefe, who, from hearing it only on great occafions, re- 

 gard it with reverence. 



GONGA, in Geography, a town of European Turkey, 

 in Romania, near the ka of Mprmora ; 36 miles N.E. ot 

 Gallipoli. 



Go.\o.-\, or Bain Gonga, a river of Hindooftan, which 

 falls into the Godavery about 90 miles from the fea. Sec 

 Bai.v Gctiga, and God.vvery 



GONGACA, a town of Bengal ; 30 miles S.W. of 

 Calcutta. 



GONGADEE, a town of B-.ngal; 50 miles S.W. of 

 Rogonautpour. 



GONGOLARA, in Bolaay, a name by which Impcra- 

 t\:s has called a very beautiful fea plant, known among bota- 

 nical writers by the name oi fucus erict foliis, or erica marimi, 

 the fea heath. 



GONGONG, is anindrument ufed by the Hottentots, 

 and all the negroes on the weft' m coaft of Africa. Cf this 

 kind there are two forts, the large gongong and the fmall. 

 In the fujiplemcnt to the fir.1 edition of the French En- 

 cyclopcdie, a defcription of this inilrument has been attempt- 

 ed, that feems totally uninttlligiblc. 



" The fmall gongon (lay the editors) is an iron or 

 holly bow, of which tne ftring is the finew of a fhccp dried 

 in the fun, or a bowel ftring ; at the extreinify of the bow is 

 placed, on one fide, the pipe of a fplit quill, in the hollow of 

 which the itring of the bow is lodged. The performer 

 holds this quill in his mouth when he is playing, and the 

 different tone^ of t!ie gongon proceed from the different 

 modulations of his breath. 



" The great gongon only differs from the fmall by the 

 (hell ot a cocoa-nut, of which the upper part has been cut 

 off, and the ftring of the bow, before its tenfion, paffed 

 through it on each fide. In touching the inilrument the 

 cocoa-ihell is moved to and from the quul according to tlw 

 tone which is to be produced.' 



We hope our readers will comprehend this defcription, by 

 which wo frankly own ourfelvcs not to be much enlightened ; 

 nor can we well conceive how the motion of tiie fplit quill, 

 or the feClion of the cocoa-nut, can produce different tones. 

 Nothing that anfwers to this defcription is to be found on 

 the plate referred to (fig. 3. PI. II.) but in PI. III. fig. 9. 

 Muf. lull, there is, we think, a very unlatisfadory rcprefen- 

 tation of it. And in the rude ftate in which the European 

 arts ill general have been found in fuch parts of Africa as 

 have alre;;dy been explored, ' we have little reafon ta 

 lament our ignorance of the conllruction and ufe of the 

 gongong. 



GONGOO, in Geography, an ifiand in the Keel Abud 

 or Guin river of Africa, in its courl'e between Cafhna or 

 Kaffina, and Mekzara. N. lat. 16. E. long. 1 1\ 



GONGOOPOUR, a town of Hindooftan, in Oudc, 12 

 miles S. of Kairabad. 



GONGORA, Lewis, in Biography, a celebrated Spanilh 

 poet, was born at Cordova in 1562. He ftudied at .Sala- 

 manca, and being broight up to the church, was rr.-de chap- 

 lain to t!ie king, from whom he received confiiicrable eccle- 

 fiaftical prefermcj-.t. Ho died at Cordova, of tiic cathcdnl 

 of which he was prebend. His rej)Utatioii is built on a vo- 

 lume of poems, under the title of " Obras de Dom. Lcui.-i 

 do Gontfora-v-Argoro," 4to. The poems confift of a \-a« 

 riety of compoficK'ns, chiefly of th- ihorter kmJ, cfj-ecially 

 ^ K I Krical, 



