G R 



G OTi 



eflccircd by the friends of freedom for the manly fpirit with 

 which he fupported its Civafe agaiiift tyranny of every kind. 

 Gen. Biog. 



GORDONA, in Geography, a town of Naples, in the 

 coiir.'y of MoUf.? ; fix miles S.W. of Mohfo. 



GORDONIA, in Botany, named by Mr. EUis, in the 

 Philofophical Tranfadlions for 1770, in honour of Mr. James 

 Gordon, an eminent nurferymaji at Mile-end. near London, 

 who introduced many new plants to the knowledge of the 

 curious, or rather cultivated with great (Icill ai.d fuccefs fuch 

 as were communicated to him, from vai'ious quarters, by the 

 coUefiors and naturalifts of that day, among whom were 

 Bartram, CoUinfon, Ellis, and many others. He was a fre- 

 quent correfpondent of Linnius, and fent him feveral living 

 plants, efpecially of North American origin. Linn. Mant. 

 556. SyiL Nat. ed. 14. 631. Schreb. 471. Willd.~ Sp. 

 PL V. 3. 840. L'Herit. Stirp. Nov. 156. Cavan. Diff. 

 fafc. 6. 307. Mart. Mill. Dift. v 2. Ait. Hort. Kew. 

 V. 2. 231. Juir. 27J, Lamarck. Illuftr. t. 594.I Dift. v. 2. 

 770. Clafs and order, yT/o/Wf/^/'M /"o.^'^/i^/Wi^. Nat. Ord, 

 Columnifi-rs, Linn. Malvacett, .Tuff. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth limple, inferior, of five roundifh, 

 concave leaves. Cnr. Petals five, large, obovate, or obcor- 

 date, concave, cohering at their bafe, fomewhat unequal. 

 Stain. Filaments very numerous, tln-ead-fiiapcd, united at 

 their bafe into a thick cup-fliaped body ; anthers oval, 

 ereft. Pyi- Germen fuperior, ovate or nearly globofe ; llyle 

 ihort, columnar, obfcurely five-fided, fometimes five -cleft ; 

 iligmas five, acute, horizontal. Peric Capfule ovate or glo- 

 bular, of five cells and five valves, the partitions from the 

 middle of the valves, which are deeply cloven at their bafe. 

 Setdi in two rows in each cell, angular, winged, inferted into 

 a five-angled central column. 



Efl". Cii. Calyx fimple. Style columnar. Stigma five- 

 cleft. Capfule of five cells. Seeds feveral, in two rows, 

 winged. 



1. G. Lafianthis. Linn. Mant. 570. Curt. Mag. 

 t.668. Cavan. Did. t. 161. (Hypericum Lafianlhus; Linn. 

 Sp. PI. iioi. Alcca floridara quinquecapfularis, &c. ; 

 Pluk. Amalth. t. 352. f. 3.) Loblolly Bay. — Flower-ftalks 

 elongated. Leaves coriaceous, fmooth. Capfules ovate. — 

 Native of fwamps in South Carolina, where it forms a very 

 handfome tree, but is v.-ith great difficulty cultivated in Eng- 

 land. It blooms in Augult and September. We have feen 

 this plant flowering in great perfection at Kew 25 years ago. 

 The leaves arc fcattcred, on fliort ftalks, elliptic-lanceolate, 

 three to five inches long, bluntilh, v.'ith numerous fhallow fer- 

 ratures, veiny, fmooth on both fide.';, of a fine (liining green, 

 like thofe of Prurtus Lauro-cerafus above, paler beneath. Sti- 

 pulas none. Flowers folitary, on fimple axillary llalks, thrice 

 as long as the footitalks, as large as a moderate rofe, white 

 with yellow ftamens, very handfome b>it inodorous. A pair 

 of deciduous fringed bratteas, a little below the flower, are 

 called by Cavanilles an outer calyM. Authors iiave differed 

 about the clafs of this plant in the Linnsan fyilem, the fila- 

 ments cohering imperfertly and irregularly togetlier in par- 

 cels, belides being connettcd by one common flefliy bafe. If 

 this bafe be called a nectary, for which there is no good rea- 

 fon, the flower is polyadelphous, but we think, with Dr. 

 .Sims, and moft others, that it is monadelphous. 



2. G. Humatoxyhn. Sv.'art/.. Ind. Occ. 1 1 99 — Blood- 

 red Wood Tree. — Flower-rtalks very fhort. Leaves ellip- 

 tic-lanccjlate, pointed, ferrated, fmooth. Petals inverfely 

 heart-fhaped. Style deeply five-cleft. — Native of dry woody 

 places on lofty mountains, in tlie welt fide of Jamaica ; Dr. 

 S wartz, from whom we have fpecimens. A tree, whofe (lem 

 is from twelve to fixtcen feet high, with a fmooth greyifli 



I 



bark, and round flender ftraight compound leafy tranches, 

 Leaves two or three inches long, fcattered, on footftalks. 

 elliptic -lanceolate, tapering at both ends, with a bluntifh re- 

 curved point, fmooth on both fides, Icls coriaceous than in 

 the former, their margin fomewhat revolute, with nun.irrous 

 fliallow ferratures. Flowers from the bofoms of the upper 

 leaves, folitary, on very fhort flalks, not fo long as the foot- 

 ilalks, bearing one or two unequal brafteas ; th.eir petals 

 pale flefli-colonred, unequal, deeply lobed, fciircely lo large 

 as thofe of G. Lajianthus, but flatter and more fpreading. 

 Germen filky, furrowed. Style, according to Dr. Swartz, 

 divided into five. Capfule oblong, rather pc;inted. Seeds 

 two in each cell, with an abrupt wing. — This tree was 

 omitted by Dr. Swartz in his Prodromus, and is little known 

 to botaniflo, having never yet been brought to Europe. It 

 flowers in February and March. The wood is hard and of 

 a blood-red, valued in Jamaica for making ornamental fur- 

 niture, but as yet not known, or not diftinguifhed, by Eu- 

 ropean workmen. The pecuhar ftrudlure of the ftyle does 

 not conflitute aTiy generic diftinftion here, any more than in 

 the neighbouring genus Sluartia. See Sm. Exot. Bot. 

 V. 2. loi. 



3. G.ptihefcens. L'Herit. Stirp. Nov. 15^. Cavan. Did. 

 t. 162. Vent. Jard. de la Malmaifon, t. i. — Flowers nearly 

 fefllle. Leaves downy beneath. Capfules globofe. — Native 

 of Sonth Carolina, now not uncommon in green-houfcs, 

 flowering in autumn. A handfome Jljrul, whofe branches, 

 calyx, and the backs of its leave?, are clothed with fine 

 white depreffed down. Thejlonvers moft rcfemble thofe of 

 the firft fpecies, but one petal is confiderably more concave 

 than the reft, fliorter, and downy, approaching to the nature 

 of the calyx. The flower-ftalks are extremely fliort and 

 thick. Leaves obovatc-lanceolate, acute, with fhallow fer- 

 ratures, fmooth and of a fine green above. V entenat's 

 figure, drawn by Redoutc, the firft In the fplendid Jardin 

 do la Malmaifon, is one of the fineft reprefentations of a 

 plant that can any where be feen, except that the French 

 mode of printing in colours gives indifcriminately an idea 

 of a dov, ny furface, fo that in this cafe both iides of the 

 1 eaves look alike. 



4. G. Franhlim. L'Herit. Stirp. Nov. 156. (Franklinia 

 Alatamaha; Marfliall. Arbuft. 49.) — " Flowers fefllle. 

 Leaves fmooth. Capfules globofe.'' — Native of South Ca- 

 rolina. Flowers fefiile, folitary, large, white, very much 

 admired in their native country, but we have not heard 

 of their being produced in Europe, nor have we feen 

 even a dried fpecimen. The eapfule, according to L'Hcri- 

 tier, is " globofe and umbilicated. Seeils numerous in each 

 cell, imbricated in two rows, flightly angular, much like 

 thofe of the Cvprefs, the angles fomewhat bordered. Leaves 

 alternate, on Ihort foot-ftalks, oblong, toothed, attenuated 

 at the bafe, and fmooth." — Marfliall and Bartram fay the 

 flowers fmell like a china orange, and are often five iiiches in 

 diameter, the lower petal hollow, enfc-jlding tlie rell till they 

 expand, as in G. pubefceiis. It v.-as firft obt'erved by Mr. 

 John Bartram in 1 760, on the borders of the Alatamaha river, 

 in Georgia. 



GORDYGONG, in Geography, a town of Hindoollan, 

 in Vifiapour ; 22 miles N.E. of Poonah. 



GORE, in Heraldry, denotes one of the regular abate- 

 ments, ufed, according to Guillim, to denote a coward. It 

 confifts of two arches or curve lines, drawn, one from the 

 finifter chief, the other from the finillcr bafe, and meeting in 

 an acute angle in the middle of the feife-point. 



GOREE, or Gokrke, in Geography, an ifland in the 

 German ocean, near the mouth of the Menfe, about 10 

 mile* in circuit ; two miles N. of Scllowen. N. lat. 51 ' 490 



E. long. 



