G O T 



G o r 



agrtt with what be has marked relifiofum i.i hi? own hcrha- 

 riiim, whicli appears to us larhad.nj'f ; though it maybe 

 what he had in his garden. 



With the /i7.'//o//;™ of Murray, Comm. Gott. for 1-76. 

 t, I, we are iniAcquainted — Cavanillcs ligurcs and defcrihes 

 fevoral more fpecir;;, efpecially G ■wllfrjiuiii, t. 166, a noble 

 plant, from Commcrfon's herbarium, gathered in tlie Mau- 

 ritius. — Willdenow, adopting thefe, reckons ten fpccics in 

 all, but the fyuonyms of the whole genus require revilion. 



GOSl'ADT, JoTTSTAnT, or Jofiphjladl, in Geo^raph\, 

 a town of S.ixony, in the circle of Erzgeberg; 23 miles S. 

 of Chemnitz. N.lat. 50^26. E. long. 13 '2'. 



GOSTIN, a town of the duchy of Warfaw; 48 miles 

 N.N.W. of Rawa. 



GOSYTULLA, a town of Bengal; 22 miles E. of 

 Kilhenagur. 



GOTARA, a town of Hiudooftan, in Bahar; 57 r.iilcs 

 S.S.W. of Patna. 



GOTERON, a valley of Switzerland, in the canton of 

 Friburgh, on the N.W. of the town of Friburgh, near the 

 bridge leading to Bern, takes it name from ti.e Goteron, a 

 fmall rivulet ; it is extremely narrov,-, and above two miles 

 in length, and is bounded on each fide by overhanging rocks 

 of fandilone. Vernet, tlie celebrated landfcape painter, 

 ftudied thefe rocks with great attention, and frequently de- 

 clared that, excepting thofe of Tivoli, he ne%-er faw any 

 whofe varying tints had a more pleafing and harmonious 

 efFeft. The" valley contains fevera! mills, an iron foundery, 

 where the ore brought from Franch^ Comtc is forged, and 

 a raanufafture of linen and cotton, cftablithed by fome mer- 

 chants of Neuchatel, under the protection and encouragement 

 of government. 



GOTH, Stephen', in Biography, arehbilhop of Upfal, 

 in Sweden, in the i6th century, concurred in the meaiures 

 adopted by king John, to reftore and re-eflablilTi popery in 

 that kingdom. With this view he fanctioned a new Lturgy, 

 which, under the pretence of bringing the Lutheran church 

 nearer to the fimplicity of the earlier ages of the gofpel, 

 artfidly alTimihited th; doctrines and ceremonies of wonhip 

 to thofe of Rome, with the omiffion of fome particular forms 

 and expreffions which would have too plainly difclofed the 

 object in view. This liturgy was ordered to be ufed in all 

 the churches. The king's brother Charles, and the clergy 

 within his jurifdiclion, were alarmed at this attempt, and 

 t?iey fo efietlually roufed the jealouiy and excited the fears 

 of the people, and of the ftates, that after repeated efforts 

 to carry his point, which introduced great confuiion into 

 the kingdom, and had nearly produced a civil war, the king 

 was obliged to relinquifli his fchcmc, and the liturgy was 

 fupprefled. It has long fince become an objecl; of curiofity 

 among colleftors, and is entitled " Liturgia Sueceanie Ec- 

 clefnE cum prajfatione et notis Laurentii Upialienhs Epil- 

 copi,'' 1576. Univer. Hill. 



GOTHA, in Geogrnphy, a principality of Germany, in 

 the circle of Upper Saxony, bounded on the N. by the 

 eieCtorate of Saxony, on the E. by the ducliy of Weimar, 

 on the S. by the county of Henneherg, and on the W. by 

 the principality of Eifenach. The duchy contains 12 towns, 

 and more than 200 churches: it abounds in grain and fruit, 

 and the fouthern diviCion contains part of the forell of Thu- 

 ringia, and fome mine works. Tiie Hate cimiills oi three 

 ctalfes, 11/z. counts, nobility, and iome barons, convoked by 

 the prince. The reigning duke maintains a guard ol 160 

 men, two regiments, each of which is compofed of 80c men, 

 and a corps of artillery. The chief rivers arc the Leine and 

 the Neiffe. 

 The capital of the principality of the fame nnmc is featcd 

 WoL. XVT. 



on an eminence near the I.eine, whicli fuppliei tlif touo 

 with vv-atcr, conveyed by ibine-canals, and is among t)ie 

 beft and handfomeli towns in Thuririgia. It lia.^ a-i huT]>ital 

 for the foldiers, two fchools for tlicir children, and barrack-, 

 in which the military art is taught: it has likewife a fouii- 

 dery for cannon, balls, &c. two churches, a goud acadi-n:y, 

 a houfe of corrcftion, an hofpital for widoW';, and anotlicr 

 for orphans. The inhabitantn carry on a coiifulcrable tra.:- 

 in wool and woollen raanufaftures, and beer; and thev de- 

 rive benefit, not only from the agriculture of the vicinity, 

 but from the paffcngers that traverfe ihrougli it from Loip- 

 fick to Upper Germany. The reiidencc of tlie duke, called 

 Friedenftein, ftaiids «n a hill above the town, and contains 

 an armoury, a valuable library, a miifcum of natural curio- 

 fities, and an excellent cabinet of medals: 13 miles S.W. ot 

 Erfurt. N. lat. 50" 5;'; E. long. 10 40'. 



GoTUA, a riTT of Sv.eden, v.-liich ilfucs from the foutlieni 

 extremity of the lake ^Venner, rear Wennrrfborg, and after 

 a courfe of 70 miles, falls into the fea near Gotiieborg. In 

 moil places this river Hows with a gentle current and in a 

 narrow channel, and is navigable only in foirie parts of iti 

 courfe for fmall craft of 20 tons burden. If it could be 

 rendered navigable througti its whole courfe, the Wenner 

 lake might be joined with the German ocean ; but as nuni". 

 rous (hoals and cataracts intervene, the coinmunication ha-, 

 been attempted by the Carlfgraf canal, the canal of Trol- 

 hsetta, and the fluices of Akerllrcem and Edet. About la 

 miles from Gotheborg the river Gotha divides into three 

 branches: two imitc again after encircling a fmall rockv 

 iilaiid, crowned with the fort of Bohus, form.eily deemed 

 impregnable; the llream formed by the union of the two 

 branches is called tlic Northern river, and falls into the fea 

 after a courfe of 10 miles. The third branch retains the 

 original name of Gotha ; and the fpace included between 

 the Northern river and the Gotha is named the iJland of 

 Hilingen. 



GOTHARD, St., a town of Hungary, near which the. 

 Turks were defeated by the Chriilians, in tl:e year 16O4 ; 

 21 miles W. of St. Crot. 



GoTriAiiD, Si. a chain of mountains of .Swifferland, in the 

 canton of Uri, the fumniit of which rifcs above the fea 

 9075 feet, though fome liave ellimated its heiglit to be much 

 greater. The particular parts of this chain are called bv 

 different names ; of which the principal arc the Salla, Profa, 

 and Surccha, to tl;e call ; the Feudo, the Patina, and the 

 Locendro, to the weft ; to the north, the Uriino ; and to the 

 fouth, the ridge of naked and piked rocks of the Val-Mag- 

 gia. Of thefe, the Feudo is the higliell. There br- fix pai'- 

 turcs on the neighbouring heights, on which arc fed 2C3 

 cows, I JO goats, and 30 horfcs. The river Tt-rino-has thre- 

 principal fources in the chain of St. Gothard : the lirll \i .-. 

 ipring near the foot of the Profii, the fecond is the lake o! 

 La Salla, in another part of the eallem chain, and the third 

 is furnilhed by the Inows of mount Feudo. Thcle tliree- 

 fources uniting with another branch, that f^ow^ from the Fu; - 

 ca, through the valley of Dcdiieto, form or>e great torrem, 

 which takes its courfe towards the fouth, enter-, the lake of 

 Locerno, and traverfing part of tiie Md.u.efe, talis into the 

 Po. The lource of tiie Rcufs is tJie lake of Loceiidni, 

 an oblong piece of water, about three miles m circumference, • 

 ilrctchiiig between tlie mountains of Patina and Loceodro, • 

 and almoil entire! v fupplied by tiie imiueiifc glaciers wbic.i 

 crown tile fumniit of ilic Locendro. The iSaam iljuiinj 

 from this lake ruliies down tiie ralley of St. Gothajd, and 

 joining in the vale ot Urfencn, tiie t«o branches wiuch come 

 from the Furca on one llde, and Iroin tlie Grifoa nieuntain., 

 on the other, llo\? towards tiie north into tlw lake of I.u- ^ 



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