GOTHIC LANGUAGE. 



<fj is the fame t^ ith the Gothic ihu, and no other than the La- 

 tin tu, or tlie j'Eolic tv, or the EnghiTi thou. The Gothic 

 than, it is obvious, has giv;;n birt'i to the Ertcfhlh font 

 of thin:. Namo, wlience our name, retains the Perfian cha- 

 racter of naatr., thoujrh perhaps it is rr.ore immediately de- 

 rived from nomcn, and ij a kindred noun \\ ith the \Ve!c!i cniu, 

 which probably dcgcueratcd from wo^x, by dropping the lull 

 fy 11 able. 



3- The Arabic CD^^^TJ' qur.tm, !e{;i, has given birth to tlic 

 Gothic quintiin, to 'ife the legs, i. e. to come, and to the An- 

 glo-Saxon c\'r.-:jr., and our com : The fame word has been im- 

 p jrted into the Celtic in t!;e fliape of cnmmu, fignifying to hop 

 ovjlcp. The fame wordexifts in the Shanfcrit, guriiun, to go. 

 The correfpon ding Weldi (fei'eil or dyivad, is the Greek, txi-, 

 Ta^i-, or Tsjii', tojirelch to an ohjecl, which laft defcended from 

 the Arabic '>y\^, ala, by dropping the initial vov.el. 

 The fame verb exifts in Welfli, under the difFcru-nt figure 

 of tho-x'y or thowys, and is no other than the Englilh tow, to 

 condud. The Gothic thiudiufiffiis, a Lingdoni, icems origin- 

 ally to have meant the emperor of a fuldued nation, from the 

 Greek ii-.i-v; and :tva|, or x.aj-ra, as the offspring of the for- 

 mer exirts in this tongue thiudii, gens, popnlus. On the other 

 hand, the Welfli tkyrnas is the Greek Sjo™.-, coirupted, by the 

 tranfpofition of r, into thornos or dyrnas. Our Englilh ihrov. ■ 

 conforms to the original in found and fenfe. In the 

 Anglo-Saxon the correfponding word is rye, which ftill ex- 

 ifts in fuch Enghfli compolitions, as lijixpric, i. e. the domi- 

 nion of a bilhop. In the Great Indian language above- 

 mentioned, this term fubfiiiS under the character of reyh, 

 meaning luealth, and which is nearly the fame in foimd and 

 fenfe with the Anglo-Saxon rvf, or o\\y rich, and the Latin 

 res, property. 



4. As light or air i; the chief medium of exiftencc, the 

 Hebrew term ~i1SJ> f!'i^'<Jr, gave birth to the Latin eram, 

 era, and the Gothic wa/'r or ivairthan, ia he, to become. The 

 Welih hydded, which exills alfo in the form of bytv, and 

 which i.-. the fame with the Greek &ivx, and the Latin •viiso, 

 defcended from the Periian hodan, to be. IVilga is /3',^Xi-, or 

 iti/o, with ga annexed, by an analogy common in tlie Gothic 

 tongue. The Welch tvoUys, or with e prefixed, eicyllxs, has 

 flowed from the fame foiirce ; and under the former of thefe 

 forms is nearly alhed to the Englifh w.7/. Sue is our yc, or 

 the Greek !■: reverfed, a fate very common with monofyllables 

 in the ancient languages. Cah came from zai, and ana from 

 Kja, which, in compofitien, means up, and has given birth 

 to the Gothic fenfe of upon, ylirthai is the Arabic nrdd, 

 from the Hebrew y~{<, arets; v^hile the Welili diii.ir, or 

 as it is otherwife written, tyr, originated in tura. The 

 Hebrew n^^i aber, the parent of torf^ in Greek, of 'jber 

 in German, ifer in Gothic, and over in Englilh, has con- 

 trafted in Celtic into ar, in the fenfe of upon. 



5. The Arabic 0*1", dlsph, food, is the origin of the 

 Gothic hlaif, and the Englilh locf. Thana, or than, is the 

 accufative article toj. Sintinein is formed from the noun 



finth, "uicipfitude, change, which is no other than the Hebrew 

 njti' "^ r\l\i}^ f-"^^'' ^^'^^ change or period of time called 

 a year : hence Jinlincln came to fignify ccntinital, or perpetual. 

 Our Lord, we believe, by the clnufe ro/ x^tov tov (novo-isi, 

 meant not, as it is generally rendered, daily bread; but the 

 bread belonging to u?, and effcntial to us as immortal 

 beings, namely, the bread of the foul. (See " Mr. Jones's 

 IUultratior.3 of the ;\jur Gofpels,'' p. 123.) In this fenfe 

 the claufe v.as underllood by the early commentators, and 

 by the Gothic tninfiator, viho has rendered it hlaif thana 



Jiniinein, the eternal breai'. In Hebrew^ Arabic, and Per- 

 fian, pi^j kcph. denotes the palm of tlic hand;, hence it 



came to fignify the aiTlion of the hand, which eonfJls either 

 in imparting or receiving. In the former fenfe it gave birth 

 to the Gothic gif, nnd in the latt-r to the Latin cnpto. 

 Hir,:midaga means this day ; himma, or as we write it, him, 

 being the perfonal pronoun ufed definilively, and diga, or 

 dacg, according to the Anglo-Saxon, being the Latin dits ; 

 him day for this day, which is more common in the plural 

 form among the vulgar them days. 



The Welch dyro, in the fame verfe, is the Greek \f.7, a 

 gift, converted into a verb. Heddyju is a difguifed form of 

 hodie, which kill is only a contraction o{ hoc die, this dav. 

 Btira is a word which exifts in all languages. Its origin is 

 tlie Hebrew X^~\r^, fljarah,fr;iit: and hence rT\n: in Grctkv 

 far, and pario in Latin, brodh in Cimbric, brot in Francic, 

 broodi in Gennan, branta in Norfe, bread in Englifh, bred in 

 Danilli, and bra; in Frific. Brynhyddid, rendered daily, 

 appear-, to be compoffd of bryn, a f.p or fummi;, and yddiol, 

 the Latin dies adjectived, and means a top of each dav, or a 

 head of each day, /. e. daily. The word is alio ufed leyr.. 

 yddinl, beyn being a corruption of pen, a head. The Weldi 

 are fond of this expreflion, and have a phrafe, poei dyih- 

 ar y pen, each, day on his head, meaning every day in fuc» 

 cellion. 



6. ylfet uns, i. e. of-!:t, or /.,' 0^, difmifs .'» i:s. Thatei is a 

 corruption of the Greek toktc, tl.is or that thisg, and is thus 

 the parent of the Englilh tha/: hence the reaibnablenefs of 

 the explanation which the celebrated Mr. Tooke has given 

 of fuch phrafes — remit to us that thing, viz. fcuhins (igaima, 

 we are debtors. Sculans were perfons under command, 

 under obligation or debt, from the Greek o->ci,>.>:ij, to labour: 

 hence appears to have been derived our fcuUion, a mean 

 domeftic iervant. In ancient times labourers ufuallv paid 

 their rents in kind from the produfts of their fields: hence, 

 in Greek, the tenant was called xi'"''^'''-'''-- On the fame 

 principle, in Gothic, the word fignifying to labour, came to 

 iignity to onve, or to be in diht. Sigaima is only the Latin 



Jimus corrupted by the infertion oi ga, a particle of frequent 

 ufe in Gothic. The Wtlfti a mathc, or as it m.ay be 

 wTitten, ammaddai, is a compofite of ag madde, and remit, 

 the firll being the Latin conjnnClion ac, the fecond the 

 Greek us^i?!, the fame with ,u.!5i>if/i, to difmift or rimit. 

 Dyledion, the plural of dyled, is the Latin deleta, things to 

 be erafed, or to be cancelled by being paid, i. e. debts. The 

 noun -wr, or the plural wyr, which in this tongue is fo 

 often added to the name of a thing, is but the Latin vir — 

 ilylcdivyr, debtmen or debtors. 



7. The Goths and Anglo-Saxons corrupted 5ijii» into 

 beoran and iringan, and hence our to bear, aod to bring — ni 

 Iringai, do not bring us. The Latin ne in Gothic is ni, 

 in Anglo-Saxon and Engli/h no, in Welfh na or n.^g. Frai/'- 

 /uinjT^/ is the correfponding noun oi fraifin, to tempt, and 

 appears to have been borrowed from the Latin prefjfus, and 

 th-jrefore primarily meant preffure, flraightr.efs. The Wclili 

 ar.-wain is the French rem with the vowel a prefixed, and is 

 the fame with our rein: its proper fenfe is to lead a horfe 

 with a bridle. The French, in deriving words from the 

 Latin, generally rejeft the guttiUTil in the middle or at the 

 end; and on this principle the root of rene is regno, to rult, 

 direH. Prcfedigaeth ftrictly denotes experience, and its ori- 

 gin is lie 1^3Xia probo, which lall is irfelf taken from the 

 Greek v0;9>', pajlure, or the correfponding verb ?!•,£»■. to 

 tafle or chew. 



8. Tlie Gothic .^h is the Latin a:, though ufed by the- 

 latter in a conjunftive, by the former in a disjundive fenfe — 

 but. The root is aijj, or the thence derived augeo, whence 

 the Gothic augan: and al, cpoformably to the form of this 



