G R A 



fesited him with t?ie degree of doftor of divinity. His pro- 

 pofals met with a very favourable reception on the continent 

 as well as in England, and he received a handfomc prcfent 

 from his own fovereign, the king of Priifiia, and liberal fub- 

 fcriptions from the principal nobility, clergy, and gentry of 

 all parts. In 1707, he gave to the public his firlt volume, 

 under the title of " Vetus Teftamentum juxta Septuaginta 

 Interpretcs ; torn. I contiiiens Octateuchum." This vo- 

 lume contains the Pentateuch, and the three following 

 booiis. In the expedlation of an acceflion of additional 

 MSS. he deferred the fecond and third volumes, and 

 pubiiihed the fourth volume in the year 1709. This con- 

 tained the book of Pfalms, of Job, of the three books of 

 Solomon, &c ; and in the following year he publifhed a 

 Latin dilTertation, giving a particular account of the reafons 

 why he had departed from the ufual order of publication, 

 and of the helps which be expected to receive in order 

 to perfect his plan. I'^iisfe were, a Syiiac MS. of the 

 hillorical books of the Old Tellament, with Origen's re- 

 marks upon them, and two MSS. one belonging to car- 

 dinal Chigi, and the other to the college of Lewis XIV. 

 When he received thefe MSS. and had collated them, he 

 prepared a volume of annotations on the whole work, and 

 collected materials for the Prolegomena. The time which 

 thefe objefts took, caufed a material delay in the publica- 

 tion of the fecond and third volumes, which did not, in 

 fact, appear till after the author's death. This event took 

 place in 17 1 2, when he was only in the farty-fifth year of 

 his age. He had previoudy to this publiflied " An EfTay 

 upon the Arabic MSS. in the Bodleian library, and that 

 ancient book, called the Dottrine of the Apoilles, which 

 is faid to be extant in them, wherein Mr. Whiilon's mif- 

 takes about both are plainly proved.'' The third volume 

 of his great work was publifh;d in 1719, and the fourth 

 in 1720. On his death-bed he was attended by Dr. Smal- 

 ridge, by whofe means he defired that the public might be 

 informed that he died in the faith and communion ot the 

 church of England, thougli he confidered its conllitution 

 tfl be defective in fome points, in which he thought the 

 nonjuring clergv adhered more clofely to the apodolical 

 doctrine and difcipline. Of his talents there were different 

 opinions, but of his indullry and learning no one could 

 harbour a doubt. Dr. Thirlby fays, in the dedication 

 of his edition of Juitin's Apology, " he was a good man, 

 ar.d not unlearned, and well verfed in the writings of the 

 fathers. But he was no critic, nor could be one, fince he 

 was not furnifhed with genius or judgment, or, to fpeak 

 the truth, with learning fufficient for the purpofe " In 

 this opinion Le Clerc coincides, and adds, that his books 

 gained him the chira6ter of a laborious perlon rathi;r than 

 that of a great critic. He was the author of many other 

 works befidos thofe whivh have been mentioned, and was 

 editor of an elegant edition of biihop Bull's works : he 

 likewife aflifted in preparing for the prefs archdeacon Gre- 

 gory's edition of the New Teftament in Greek ; and he 

 1-ft behind him many MSS. fome of which have been pub- 

 .iihcd. Biog. Brit.' 



GRABEN, in Georra^hy, a town of Croatia ; 12 miles 

 S. cf Varafdin. 



GR.\BO, a town of Sweden, in Eaft Gothland; II 

 miles S.E Linkioping. 



GRABON, a town of the dnchy of Mecklenburg, on 

 the Elde ; 80 miles N.W. of Berlin. N. lat. 53' 23 . E. 

 long 1 1 44'. 



GRABUSA, an ifland cf the Mediterranean, near the 

 NAV. coaft of the iftaHd of Caiidv, confirmed lo the Turks 



G R A 



by the peace of Carlowitz, and generally garrifoned with 

 1000 men. N. lat. 35 40'. E. long. 23 33'. 



GRABUT, in Biography, an obfcure French mufical 

 compofcr, whofe name is not to be found in the annali of 

 the art. He was brought into Ei.gland to flaltcr the par- 

 tiality of Charles II. fur the mufic of France; and em- 

 ployed by Dryden to fet his political opera of " Albion 

 and Albanius," though Purcell had already givco indifpiit- 

 able proofs of his fuperior genius, and was rapidlv riling 

 into fame and national favour. 



This drama, written under the aufpices of king Charles II , 

 was reht arfed feveral times, as the author informs us in his 

 preface, before his majelly, "who had publicly declared, more 

 tiian once, tliat the compofitions and chorufes were more 

 jull and more beautiful than any hv had heard in England." 

 We believe this prince was not very flcilful in muhc, nor 

 very fenfiblc to the charms of any fpecies of it but that of 

 France, of the gayeft kind ; however, royal approbation is 

 flattering and extenfive in its influence. Unfortunately for 

 the poet and mufician, his majelly died before it was brought 

 on the ftage ; and when it did appear, the f-.ccefs feems not to 

 have been very confiderablc. Upon a perufalof this drama, 

 it feems hardly poffible, fo near a revolution, that it fliould. 

 have efcapcd condemnation upon party principles ; as, under 

 obvious allegories, Dryden has lalhed the city of London, 

 democracy, fanaticifni, and whatever he thought obnoxiuu.s 

 to the fpirit of tlie government at that period. Had Or- 

 pheus himfelf not only compofed the poem and the mufic, 

 but performed the principal part, his powers would have 

 been too feeble to charm fuch unwilling hearers. " 



GRA' AY, in Geography, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of the Cher, and chief place of a ca.nton, in the 

 diftric^ of Bourges ; 9 miles S.W. of Vierzan. The place 

 contains 2204, and the canton 5459 inhabitants, on a terri- 

 tory of 145 kiliomctres, in 9 communes. 



GRACCHURIS, an ancient town of Hifpania Tarra- 

 goneiifis, mentioned by Livy, Antonine, and PtoUmy, and 

 faid to be built by the proconful Titus G.acchus Sempro- 

 nius, after having conquered the Celliberians. Others fup- 

 pofe that it exifted before Sempronius, ucder the name of 

 " Illurcis," and that he only repaired it. It is now called 

 Arreda. 



GRACCHUS, TiBKRIUS Sempro\U-s, in Biography, 

 a perfon very memorable in the hiilory of Rome, was the 

 fon of a father of the fame name, a dillingui'hed com- 

 mander, and excellent citizen, who, from the Plebeian ranks, 

 arrived at dillinguilhed honours, and the highelt offices in 

 the Rate, having been mailer of the horfe to the dictator, 

 Junius, after the celebrated battle of Canm, afterwards 

 conlul, and, at length, to complete his glory, he was flain 

 while fighting for his country. The mother of the fubjecl 

 of this article was Cornelia, daughter of Scipio Africanus, 

 whofe character has been iliuflrated in the proper place. 

 Tiberius received every advantage of education that tlie 

 pious afiefiion of a wife parent could bellow, and his natural 

 difpofilion feconded the efforts of his inllructors. He w^as 

 modeft, and remarkably mild in his temper ; and became, at 

 a very early age, diitinguiilied for eloquence, fobriety, atid 

 political knowledge ; and his reputation was fealed by an 

 admilTion into the venerable college of augurs. It is men- 

 tioned, as a proof of the high charafter which he fuilair.cd, 

 that Claudius Appius, one of the mo.1 illullrious perfoM 

 in Rome, and prefident of the fenate, offered him, fponta- 

 neouily, his daughter in marriage, which lie tliankfuUy ac- 

 cepted. When Appius informed his wife whit he Ind 

 done, fhe replied, " Why fo fuddeuly, you mfght nav« 



taken 



