G R A 



G R A 



began the inveftigation, and were fatisfiod tliat the whole 

 was the effect of trick, Ijut when they attempted to inlevpofe 

 their authority, and proliibit the continuance of fuch dif- 

 graceful proceedings, tlie priefts wiio had patronized and 

 inlh-uded the women, and who were bent upon the dellruc- 

 tion of Grandier, difowued their jurifdiction and defied their 

 power. An application was made to the archbifhop of 

 Bourdeaux, vtIio employed phyficians to examine into the 

 cafe, and by their reports no doubts were left in the mind 

 of the prelate, that the bufinefs was founded on the moll 

 o-rofs and fcandalous impofture. Upon this the archbifiiop 

 TlTued an order, the fcverity of which put the whole legion 

 of devils to flight. After a time the I'cheme was renewed, 

 and the authors of it contrived to engage cardinal Richlieu to 

 favour their malignant dcfigns. For this purpofe the monks 

 <if Loudun wrote to father Jofeph, one of their fraternity, 

 informing him that Grandier was author of a fatire, entitled 

 " The Slioemaker's wife of Loudun," containing refleftions 

 on the cardinal's birth and perfon, which had excited in the 

 Lofom of the cardinal the {harpeft ilings of refentment. Be- 

 lieving that the information was correft, he determined to 

 make the fatirift feel the full weight of his vengeance. 

 Grandier was arrefted and brought to trial, and after a 

 tedious procefs, in which the farce of exorcifmg the pof- 

 fcfTed was feveral times repeated, and the judge's partiality 

 and tyranny difplayed in the moll glaring hght, " upon the 

 depolition of Afhtaroth, a devil of the order of Seraphim, 

 and the chief of the poffefilng demons, and upon the depofi- 

 tions of the nuns, who pretended to be pofl'etTed of devils, 

 the commiffioners gave judgment, declaring Grandier duly 

 attainted and convided of the crime of magic, forcery, and 

 pofTefllon, happening by his means in the perfons of fome of 

 the Urfahne nuns, &c. for the reparation of which he was 

 condemned to an amende honourable, and to be burnt alive 

 with the magical charafters." Grandier, umocent of the 

 charcre, heard the fcntence without any emotion, and after- 

 wards fullaiued the torture, ordinary and extraordinary with 

 altonifliing fortitude, never fuffering one repining expreffion 

 a^ainft his enemies to efcape him through tlie whole fcene. 

 The laft words which he was heard to utter previoufly to 

 the flames reaching his vital parts, were in fupplication to 

 God, to whofe mercy he recommended himfelf. Such was 

 the fate of Urban Grandier, whofe pride and pafiions appear 

 to have been caiifes of the confpiracy to which he fell a 

 vidim, and whofe hiftcry exhibits a memorable example to 

 fitew to wliat pitch of folly and madnefs the fury of an 

 incenfed cabal, the revenge of a miniftcr, and the proflitu- 

 tion of a judge, may be wrought up. The relations of the 

 er.f^ is given hi " The Hiftory of the Devils of Loudun," 

 firil pub'iOied at Amilerdam in 1693, and which has been 

 frequently reprinted. As an author Grandier is known by 

 a funeral oration for Sc^vola de St. Martha, wluchis highly 

 cammendcd for t'ne mallerly ftriskes of eloquence interfperfed 

 through it. Moreri. 



GRANDINES, in Surga-y, fmall tumours on the eye- 

 lids. 



GRANDMONT, in Geography, a town of France, in 

 tbe department of the Upper 'Vienne, near v. hich was an 

 abbey, fuppreffed in 1769; 15 miles N.E. of Limoges. . 



GRANDOLA, ameanto.vn of Portugal, in the pro- 

 rince of Eftram.adura, containing 8co hcufes, fituated be- 

 tween Cadaon and the fea-ccaft. Behind it is the Sierra de 

 Grandola, that proceeds in two ranges, one behind the other, 

 from eall to well ; the town is 27 miles S.E. of Se- 

 tuval. 



GR NDPRE', a town of France, in the department 

 «>f the Ardeunes, and cluef place of a canton, in the dillrict 



of Vouziers ; 33 miles E. of Reims. The place contain* 

 1350, and the canton 8617 inhabitants, on a territory of 

 242' kiliometres, in 14 communes. 



GRANDRIEUX, a town of France, in the depart, 

 ment of the Lozere, and chief place of a canton, in the dif- 

 trid of Mende ; 10 miles N.W. of Langogne. The place 

 contains 1657, and the canton 5389 inhabitants, on a terri- 

 tory of 235 kiliometres, in 7 communes. 



GRAND-SERRE, Lk, a town of France, in the de- 

 partnsent of the Doubo, and chief place of a canton, in 

 thediftridof Valence. The place contains 1491, and the 

 canton 6J89 inhabitants, on a territory of 232;^ kiliometres, 

 in 10 communes. 



GRANDVILLE, or Geaxville, a town of France, 

 in the department of the Channel, and chief place of a can- 

 ton, in the diftrid of Avranches, 12 miles N!W. of it. The 

 place contains J454, and the canton 12,250 inhabitants, on 

 a territory of 80 kihometres, in 8 communes. The harbour 

 can receive only about 60 fmall veflels. The town is feated 

 on a fltarp rock, forming a peninfula of an oval form, and 

 furroiuided with walls ; it has two gates, and two faux- 

 bourgs. Near it is an oyller-hfliery, and on the land fide 

 quarries of large and very hard ilones. N. lat. 48 50'. 

 W. long, i' 33'. 



GRANDVILEIERS, a town of Prance, in the de- 

 partment of the Oifc, and chief place of a canton, in the 

 diiuid of Beauvais ; 14 miles N.N.W. of Beauvais. The 

 place contains 1633, and the canton 12,655 inhabitants, on 

 a territory of i670-iliometre,s, in 22 communef. N. lat. 

 49 39'. E.long. 2 2'. 



GRANDWALDEN,or Grax, a town of Norway, in 

 the diocefe of Chriftiania ; 26 miles S. ot Chrilliania. The 

 town {lands on an eminence in the midll of an cxtenljve 

 plain, looking down on feveral conical rocks, covered with 

 firs, and ren,arkable for two churches in the fame church- 

 yard, called the " Two Sifters ' 



GRANGE, an ancient term for abarn, or place where* 

 in to lay up and threfii corn. 



The word is formed of the Latin granea ; or oi graiium, 

 grain, corn. Sic. Hence alfo granger or graiigier, a grange- 

 keeper or farmer. 



Hence grange is a name which was formerly much applied 

 to fuch farm-houfes as were provided with large barns, gra- 

 naries, and other iimiiar offices, for the prefervation of grain, 

 &c. 



Grange is alfo ufed, in a more cxtenSve fenfe, for a 

 whole farm, with all the appendages of ftabhng for horfes, 

 ftalls for cattle, &c. and for an inn. 



Gr.\sge, Joseph de C'ianxei, de la, in Blogralhy, 

 born in 1676 of an ancient French family, at Antoniat in 

 Perigord, exhibited from his boyifh days a fingular pafiion 

 for poetry and rom.ance. He was educated among the .Te- 

 fuits at Bourdeaux, and when he was only nine years old, 

 h.ecompofed a comedy in three ads, which was reprefcntcd 

 by his fchool-fellows. His early talents feemcd to have 

 marked him out for diftindion, and his mother took him to 

 Paris, and obtained for him the place of page to the princefs 

 ofConti. Before he was fixtccn, his tragedy of Jugurtha 

 was reprefented in tlie capital, and was applauded as a mcil 

 extraordinary effort of fuch a ftripling. He continued to 

 write pieces for the ftage, w hich were produdive of reputa- 

 tion and pecuniary advantages ; but the work wliich ren- 

 dered him famous, though it cxpofed him to much mortifi- 

 cation and fuffering, was entitled " Phiiippiqucs," a fatire in 

 verfe, dirededagainft Phihp, the regent duke of Orleans. 

 This appeared in 17 18, and it charged the duke wth the 

 criae of poifocing feveral branches of the ro^ al family. 



, Tile 



