GRASS. 



cient at J a lb. a day fnv two pnfons rtifors. Vcais. Wi tks. 

 a year : and leaving 2oIbs. over ; - 2 i 20 



4. Wlieat ; twenty-two hudick per acre, 

 which, after deducting feed, leave 

 twenty, or 25 quarters, and for five 

 aci-es 12 J quarters, fufficient for 

 twelve perfons a year and two weeks 12 I 2 



IVhole produce in human food 



The fame land, if in grafs, would give 

 Solbs. of mutton per acre, 40olbs. 

 per ann. and for four years i6oolbs. 

 fufficient at J.lb. a day to fupport 

 eight perfons one year and thirty-fix 

 days'" -»---. 



16 



8 



36 



Hence, " to make the dcdudlion, before alluded to, of 

 the farmer's family, and his labourers-; fuppofe he farms an 

 hundred acres, which is, probably, above the average fize 

 of farms of the kingdom, here are five perfons to that ex- 

 tent, or one to twenty acres. If we reckon all forts of la- 

 bour at 2U. an acre, we tball, he fuppofes, not be far from 

 the fail : the pay of a labourer may be reckoned on an ave- 

 rage at 25/. which we fnall call the food of five perfons ; fet- 

 ting the earnings cf the v.-ife and children againll rent, 

 clothes, and other articles ; this makes food 5/. a head : for 

 every 5/. therefore that the farmer pays in labour, we may 

 faf-.'ly, he fuppofes, reckon that one pcrfon is fed f -om the 

 produce of his farm before it reaches the market : the la- 

 bour in the twenty acres in the above infertcd eftimate being 

 2i/. he calls four perfons', and the farmer's family one, mak- 

 ing five, to be dedudled from the acreablc amount of tlic 

 farm." 



Ptrfons. Vpars. Days. 

 Brought forwaid - - - • 16 I 17 



Deducl .....50 o 



Remains for market . - . 



And the zzs, exccfs in the i\L 



ftrikes off . . - . 



»7 



'7 



Yet, '•' in regard to grafs land, as it is managed with fo 

 much more cafe, and farms are generally to much, larger, it 

 ■will be fair to deduft only one perfou for farmer and 

 labour." 



Perfons. Years. Davs, 

 Brought forward ... 8 i 56 



Dedud I I 36 



Remain for market 



."fi 



" It then appear?, that under tlie circumftance.? of fuch 

 land thus applied, arable land, on comp.irifon with grats, 

 fends to market in the proportion of 1 1 to "] r^- But it the 

 barley, inllead of being drunk, be eaten in bread, it add,-; to 

 the arable account eleven perfons, and the account would 

 then Hand nearly twenty-two to 7^'^, or about three to 

 one. 



" But, as the largeft part of the kingdom is employed in 

 fyftems of hufbandry very inferior to this excellent one, let 

 US calculate liow the comparifon will fland with open fields. 



and thofe inclofurcs wliicli are managed by means of fallonc 

 in the ordinary rotation of cropping that is purfued upon 

 them. 



" No. II. Open-field arable — Sod day or <wet — Rent \Ot. am. 

 Acre, Jive Acres each Crop \ thirty in all, in a Courfe of 

 Six Tears' Hujhandry, 



1 . Fallow : Timr. 



2. Wheat ; produce twenty-two bufli- f '***"' "^ 

 els; feed two ; for confumption twen- ''"*^'** ^'f*™- Wtdo. 

 ty, or 2^ quarters; 12^ quarters for 



five acres, being food for twelve per- 

 fons during one year and two weeks - 1 1 ( t 



3. Oats : produce four quarters an acre ; 

 feed half a quarter ; remain 3^ quar- 

 ters per acre, or 17.^ quarters, or 143 

 bufliels : fufficient, at twenty-five 



. bufhels a head, to feed five perfons 

 a year and five weeks, if ufed in 

 bread. 



4. Fallow : 



5. Barley ; fuppofed to be confumed 

 in beer, &c. : but, if eaten by man, 

 at four quarters an acre, dedufting 

 half a quarter for feed, remain 3^ 

 quarters or twenty-eight bullitls ; and 

 at nine bufliels a head, fufficient for 

 three perfons one year, and one bulhcl 

 over, and five acres, enough for fif- 

 teen perfons one year and two weeks. 



6. Beans ; for horles equal to the food 

 of li horfe (at one horlc to twenty 

 acres) for tlie year. 



But the fame land laid down to grafs, and let at las. will, 

 he fays, feed (on the fuppofition of an increafc 5lbs. per 

 fiiilling rent) oxen and (heep to the addition in weight of 

 loolbs. of beef and n;utton, or 50olbs. for fire acres, and 

 30Oo!bs. in fix years ; which, at halt a pound a ptrfon per 

 Uiem, or iSslbs. per head per annum, will feed iG: perlons 

 one year. The courfe her.- detailed docs not fti d the horfes 

 infummer; but as it aiPords, perhaps, more horlc -food in 

 the beans than to t'.iat amount, no other dtduiftion fliould be 

 made. It appear,;, that thirtv acres of lucli land, wlien the 

 oats and barley are eaten by horfes, or drunk by men, lup- 

 port twelve perfons a year and two weeks ; now from this 

 wc are to deduct, as in the former cafe, tlie population of 

 the farmer and his labourers ; the former in the fame ratio 

 as before ; but 15^ uill be enough to deduct per acre in 

 labour, inftead of 2u. in the other courfe. This will, on 

 thirty acres, be 22/. 10/. or 4; perfons a year: add one and 

 a half for the farmer, it is fix in all. 



Piffmis. Yean W'e»l», 

 Brought forward - • - -12 1 2 



Dedud labour and farmer . - 6 1 o 



Remain for market 



The grafs 16^00 



Deduct I A for farmer and labour, 



tliat is, one pef 20 acres - 1^ o O 



Remain for market 



'5 



4N« 



But 



