GRASS. 



But if the barley anj oats be brought into the account 

 as human food, the account will then Hand in this way. 



PtTl'ons. Viiifi. Weeks. 

 Wlieat - - - ■ - 



Oats 



Barley . . - - - 



Deduft for farmer and labour - 

 Remain .... 



ft is cbnfequently flated, thni: in one caff, the grafs has 

 the advantage as fifteen to (ix ; in tlic other, the arable as 

 tucnty-fix tu fifteen. 



" No. III. Poor Sand or Heath — Rent ^s ; five Jens caeh 

 Crop ; thirty Acres in all. 



I. Turnips: four fliecp an acre, 



to the increafe of 6s. each, or 



240-.; in mutton 481bc. ; and 



for rive acres 24olbs. ; fnffi- 



cient, at ilb. per diem, for 



0X12 perfon one year fixteen 



weeks and four days 

 2 Barley and oats; one horfe to 



thirty acres, which demands 



27; acres of oats, at three 



quarters (feed dedudled) ; the 



remaiiidei- therefore 2\ acres 



for barley, at 2\ quarters per 



acre, being fixteen buftiels 



(feed dedutted), and for 2^ 



ncres forty bufliels remain for 



malt ; but enough in bread, 



at nine bufliels a liead for 45 



rcrroii'^. Year?. Wicks. Davs. 



16 



perfons a year, minus one 

 bulhel. 



3. Graffes. 



4. Ditto. 



5. Ditto. 



The whole, without any horfe 

 account, would feed, 

 tft year, three (heep per acre, 

 36 weeks 



2d two ditto ditto 



3d one ditto ditto to 



the improvement (or the value 

 in keeping) of 40.'-., and for 

 five acres in each to 10/.; hence 

 it appears that to keep o:ie 

 ■horfe would almoil; equal the 

 whole amount. 

 6. Rye : I '-, quarter ; twelve 

 . bul'hels ; feed dedufted, ten; 

 fiifficient to fupport one periuu 

 fifteen months ; and for five 

 acres fix perfons one year and 

 eight weeks . . - 



Wi'-hin a fmall fraftion equal to 

 The fame land in heath would 

 feed, but not fasten, to the 

 value of los. per acre ; call 

 this 2olbs. of mutton; loolbs. 

 for five aere?, and 6oolbs. in 



fix years ; iufhcient, at Ub, 

 per diem, for three perfons a 

 year and thirty-fix days 



I'criuus. Years. Wctt\S. P^i^s. 



3 



Brought forward, arable account 

 Dediift, as farms on this foil are large, 

 only half a perfon for thirty acres for 

 th_- fanner ; and leckoning labour at 

 8j-. an acre, it is 12/. for tliirty acres, 

 or z\ perfons ; in all three 



Remain for market ... 



Grafs for ditto .... 



IN 



W-. k, 



o 



3 



But " a fraftion is to be dedutled for farmer and fhep- 

 herd. The difference, therefore, is as five- to three.. But 

 if the barley be confumed in bread, the account will be, 



I'vfims. Years. WViks. 

 Brouglit down . . . . j i o 



Barley - - - -- 4-^1 o 



Together 9I i 



Grafs 



Coufequently the arable is therefore fuperior as nearly 

 three to one. Upon the whole ot thefe comparifons it is 

 fuilicienlly clear, tliat the arable land is, and in every cafe 

 may be, (by eating barley and oats,) far fuperior to grafs- 

 land in the article of feeding not only the people at large, 

 bat alfo in fending a furpliis to market. He cannot, how- 

 ever, let his papers go from his liands without requeilir.g 

 them to be read with candour. He prefumes to offer them 

 but as rough flvetches, that may approximate to truth, but 

 cannot reach exatlnefs : thev may afford hints ufeiul to 

 future inquirers, and the fubjeft is interelling enough to 

 anfwer well a very careful examination. One obfervation 

 that goes generally to all is too material to be omitted ; the 

 produftiou of meat in England is, it is fuppofed, of fjr.all 

 importance compared with that of corn, becaufe the poor 

 do not live on the former ; meat is the confumption, gene- 

 rally fpeaking, of thofe who are in very eafy circumllances, 

 compared with the great confumers of corn ; nor would the- 

 times be much complained of, whatever the price of meat 

 might be, provided corn were at a reafonable price. This 

 is a circumflance which fliould be confidered as dccifive of 

 the inquir)' ; and fuflieient to prove, that the great iiitercils- 

 of the public demand every pofiible eiicouragenient to til- 

 lage fo- given, as fliall preferve corn at a fair price, neither 

 too higii for tlie poor, nor fo low as to difcourage the cul- 

 tivation of it by the farmer. 



Y/ith regard to what ought to be the proportion between 

 the grafs and arable land of a farm, errors are, it is "ob- 

 fjrved, extremely common among landlurds, and not lefs fo 

 with farmers -. in general, however, they both look to their 

 own interefl ; tlie firll to keep m.uch in Lirafs, and llie hitter 

 to plough all th.ey can : witli fliort leafes, and bad cove- 

 nants, we are not to be furprized at citlier. One aere of 

 moderate corn, fays Adam Smith, in his Wealth of Nations, 

 yields a greater neat profit tlian an acre of the bell pafture. 

 And experience, Mr. Davis of Longleat obferves, fiiffi- 

 ciently evinces the extreme diflicultv of perfuading tenants 

 to believe that they get more, generally fpeaking, by feed- 

 ing their lands than by ploughing them ; yet it requires 



very 



