G R A 



G R A 



of a darker oloiir thnn t!n- rcR of tlic- liodr. Th'' ll^hr nr 

 ///;■')- gray, wlicrciii there is but a fiiiall niixtmr of black 

 Jiairs. Tlu- /?!rfor;;o« gray, wliicli has but a finall mixture 

 o\ while. And the Irotciu/li or fitnds-inlourcd gray, where 

 there are bay-coloured hairs mixed with the black. 



Gi: \Y, in Zoology, a luime given in ionic eoii;ilieJ of Eng- 

 land to the badger. 



GuAY is alio nied in fomc places for a fpeeies of wild- 

 duek. more commonly known by the name of l\\c gaJwa//. 

 aceDlXK. 



GuAV, in Geography, a town of France, and principal 

 place of a di^lrift, in the department of the Upper Saone, 

 ieated on the Sa6ne, which is navigable bv boats to Lyons, 

 whither the inhabitants fend grain and iron, the chief 

 articles of their commerce. Tiie place contains 5009, and 

 •tl.? canton 13,825 inhabitants, on a territory of 215 kilio- 

 ■nietres, in 26 communes. N. Lit. 47 27'. E. long. 53' 

 ■40'.^ 



Grvy, a pofl-town of America, in Cumberland county 

 and ilate of Maine; ij miles N.W. from Portland. The 

 townfliip was incorporated in 177S, and contains 987 in- 

 habitants. 



Gu.w'.s /?(')'> a Ii^y on the K. fide of the river Columbia, 

 in New Georgia. N. hit. 46^ 19'. W. long. 23G 22'. 

 Gkak'.s Cnei, a river of Vuginia, which runs into James 



river. N.lat. 37 8'. W, 



long. 



76° 56', 



Gii Av's Harbovr, a port or bay on the W. coaft of North 

 America, examined and defcribed by Mr. Whitbey. The 

 furrounding iliores are low and apparently fwampy, with 

 falt-marfiies ; t!;e foil is a thin mixture of red and white fand 

 over a bed of flones and pebbles. At a fmall diftance from 

 the water fide, the country is covered with wood, chiefly 

 pines of an inferior flunted growth. The number of Indians 

 inhabiting this place were eftimated at about loo ; they 

 fpoke the Nootka language, though it did not feem to be 

 their native tongue, and they appeared to vary in little or 

 no refpeCt from thofe people occalionally feen. N. lat. 47 . 

 E. long. 236° 7'. 



GRAYLING, or U.mbf.r, the Englifli name for the 

 fifli called by authors thymallus, and thymus, and by Artedi 

 nnde a fpeeies of corregonus, and the S.VL.MO thymallus of 

 Linna-us, whidi fee. 



It is caught in the frefh rivers and clear rapid ftreams, 

 chiefly in the mountainous counties of England, and in the 

 like iituations in Germany, and other kingdoms, and is one 

 of the fined tafted of all the freih-watcr iilh. It is common 

 in Lajiland, where the gnts of it are uied inftead of rennet 

 to make cheefe, which they get from the milk of the rein- 

 deer. It is a voracious fifli, rifes freely to the fly, and will 

 verj- eagerly take a bait. It feeds on worms, andfpawns in 

 May. 



GRAYSON, in Geogrjpby, a county of Virginia in the 

 »ippcr waters of the Great Kanhawa. It contains 3742 

 free inhabitants, and 170 fiaves. Its form is triangular; 

 the longeil line being about 50 miles, and its greatefl breadth 

 15 miles. It is mountainous, abounding with timber and 

 iron ore ; and two fets of iron-works are erecl.'d in it : about 

 2 fiftl; part is arable. The court houfe is in N. lat. 36' 35', 

 250 miles S.W. of Richmond. 



GR.-^ZALEMA, a town of Spain, about i| mile from 

 the borders of the province of Granada, built partly on the 

 fide, and partly on the top of a mountain. Moil of the 

 inhabitants are employed in the raanufafture of woollen and 

 coarfe cloths, and alfo of crucibles. Their number is about 

 5C00. 



GRAZIANI, Axton-Maria, \x\ Bkgraphy, a bifnop 

 and elegant w/iter, was borii of a dil\ingi;irncd fauiily at 



l?>rgo-ran-Sepo!cro, in Tufcany, about the year X^\-. 

 Having obtained a good knowledge of grammatical learii.ng 

 at Friuli under the celebrated Abllcmio, lie wa fent to 

 Padua to fludythe law. In 1560 lie vifited Rome, and wa.s 

 kindly patronized by Commendone, aftcr.varda carditia). 

 He accompanied this friend, between whom and bimfelf 

 there WHS an unalterable attachment, in all his journeys into 

 Germany and Poland, and refufcd to quit liim, though fo- 

 licited with great promifes by Henry of Valois, at thai lime- 

 king of the latter country. After the death of Commen- 

 done in 1584, he was made fecretary to pope Sixtiis V , 

 and took a confiderable fiiare in the election of Cl-.-- 

 ment VIII. who, iii 1592, in gratitude for his fervice?, 

 created him bifliop of Amelia, and fent him as his nuncio to 

 the Italian princes and liatc;, in order to unite them in a 

 league again !l the Turks. AYhcn at Venice, lie prevented 

 that republic from declaring in favour of Cifar d'Ellc after 

 the demife of Alplionfo II. duke of Ferrara. In 1598 lie 

 retired to his fee, where he remained, till his death in 161 I, 

 mofl afliduoufly employed in the duties of his high otBce. 

 As an author Graziani is known by the following works, 

 " De Billo Cyprio," hb. v. 410. 1624 ; " A Hiftory of the 

 War of Cyprus:" " De Vita Cominendoni, Cardinalis," 

 which was intended as r. tribute of gratitude and affection to 

 his deceafed friend and patron : " De Cafibus adverfis Vi- 

 rorum illullrium," and a coUeclion of fynodal ordinances. 

 In 1745 ^^'^ public were prefented with a curious pofthumous 

 work of this author, entitled " De Scriptis Invita Minerva, 

 ad Aloyfium Fratrem," lib. xx. in which he not only gives 

 an account of his own life and writings, but that o? his 

 native town and family ; of his brother's travels, and of the 

 public affairs in which he was engaged. Morcri. 



GiiAziANM, D. Bonifacio d.v Makiko, maeftro dicapella 

 of the Jefuits' chapel and feminary at Rome, was a very 

 voluminous compofer of facrcd mufic and cantatas, who 

 flouriflied from the year 1650 to 167S. Padre Martini has 

 given the following lill of his ecclefiallical publications ; 

 three books of pfalms for five voices, a due cori, or fur twj 

 choirs; publiflied at Rome 1652 and 1670. Mafles j j 

 Rome, 1 67 1. Six books of motets, for i, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 

 voices; Rome, from 1651 to 1671; antiphor.s, for llie 

 blffled virgin Mary, for 4, 5 and 6 voices, Rome, i66j. 

 Ri-Jporif. dtlla Sellim. fiinta, Rome, 1 663. Z./Va/;/i; for 3, 4, 

 5, and 8 voices, Rome 1675. Sacred auJ moral compofi- 

 tions, for i, 2, 3 and 4 voices, i67{>. Of his cantata", 

 though none are mentioned in this li!l, yet the number of 

 them, that have been preferved in MS. coUedions of old 

 muiic, i.s equal to thofe of Cariirimi, Cefli, and Luigi RoITu 

 particularly in the Britifli Mufeum ; Dr. Aldridge's collec- 

 tion of mufic in the library of Chrill -church, Oxford; Dr. 

 Bm-ney's Colled. S:c. 



GRAZIER, in jlgnmhure, a term commonly applied 

 to fuch farmers as are engaged in the art and bafincfs cl 

 fattening various forts of live flock on pallure and other 

 grafs-lands. That this fort of bufmefs may be managed 

 to the bell pofiible advantage, the grazier (hould have a 

 perfect knowledge of the nature, properties, and value of 

 all forts of cattle and flicep llock, as well as of tho qua- 

 lity of the ground on which they are to be fed, and of 

 the moil proper metliods of failing them to each ether. 

 And he iboulJ alfo be well informed concerning the na- 

 ture and fliites of markets in general. It is obvious tLit 

 upon thefe being well uaderllood and properly re^.rded,. 

 much of the fucceis of this fort of fanning bafurels muft 

 depend, as thereby proper advantage may De taken, not 

 only of fairs and markets, but a v.vriety o£ other ncccf- 

 fary glrcucillances. _ 



