G R E 



and parifh of St. George, three for the other five out pa- 

 rinios of Grenada, and one for Cariacou. Befides thefe 

 flipi-nds, there are vahiable glebe lands formerly appropriated 

 to the Roman Catholic clergy, when that was the ellablifhed 

 religion of Grenada, which became veiled in his majelly as 

 public lands on the relloration of the ifland to the Britirti 

 government, and which, it is faid, have been applied by the 

 colonial legillature, with the confeiit of the crown, to the 

 further fupport of the Proteftant church, with fome referve 

 for the tolerated Romifii clergy. The capital of Grenada, 

 foon after the cefTion of the country to Great Britain by the 

 peace of Paris, is called Si. Georg.', whicli fee. The other 

 towns in Grenada are, properly fpeaking, inconfiderable vil- 

 lages or hamlets, which are generally iituated at the bays or 

 fhipping places in the feveral out-parilhes. The parifli town 

 of Cariacou is called Hilliborough. Grenada has two ports 

 of entry, with feparate ellablifhnients, and diftinCt revenue 

 officers, independent of each other; one at St. George, and 

 one at Grenville bay, a town and harbour on the eaft, or 

 windward iide of the ifland. The whole population of 

 Grenada and the Grenadines has decreafed conilderably fmce 

 thefe iflands firll came into poffenion of the Englifh. In 

 the year 1 77 1, the number of white inhabitants was fome- 

 what more than 1600 ; in 1777, they had decreafed to 1300, 

 and at a later period they were fuppofed not to exceed looo, 

 of which about two-thirds are men able to bear arms, and 

 incorporated into five regiments of militia, including a com- 

 pany of free blacks or mulattocs attached to each. There 

 are likcwife about 500 regular troops from Great Britain, 

 wliich are fupported on the Britifli elhiblifliraent. Behdes 

 the regular troops feut from Great Britain for the pro- 

 teAion of Grenada, there are in its garrifon three companies 

 of king's negroes, which came from America, where thev 

 ferved in three- capacities, as pionters, artificers, and light 

 dragoons. In Grenada they form a company of each, and 

 are commanded by a lieutenant of the regulars, having the 

 rank of captain. The negro flaves have alfo decreafed. 

 In 1779 they were dated at 35,000, of which 5000 were in 

 Cariacou and the fiiialler iflands. In 1785 they amounted 

 to no more than 23,926 in the whole. The free people of 

 colour amounted in 1787 to 1,1 1 J. To prevent the too 

 great increale of perfons of this clafs, every manumiflion is, 

 by an adt of the ifland, charged with a fine of looA cur- 

 r.ncy, payable into the public treafury. The evidence 

 of thefe people, whether born free or manumitted, is re- 

 ceived in the courts of this ifland, on producing proof of 

 their freedom ; and they are tried on criminal charges in the 

 fame manner as whites. They are alio allowed to poffefs 

 and enjoy lands to any amount, provided thev are native- 

 born fubjefts or capitulants, and not aliens. The governor 

 is, bv virtue of his office, chancellor, ordinary, and vice- 

 admiral ; and prefides lolely in the courts of chancery and 

 ordinary, as in Jamriica. His falary is 3,200/. currency 

 per annum, which is railed by a poll-tax on all flaves ; but 

 in all cafes of abfence beyond twelve months, the falary 

 ccafes and determines. N. B. The currency of Grenada, 

 or rate of exchange, is commonly 65/. per cent, worfe than 

 iltrling. The council of Grenada confuls of 12 members, 

 and tiic aflembly of 26. A free-hold, or life-ellate of 50 

 acres, is a qu.ilification to fit as reprefentative for the parilhes, 

 and a free-hold, or life-ellate, in 50/. houfe-rent in St. 

 George, qualifies a reprefentative for the town. An eftate 

 of ten acres ia fee, or for life, or a rent of 10/. in any of 

 ttie cul-towns, gives a vote for the reprefentatives of each 

 parifti rcfpeftively ; and a rent of 20/. per annum, iifuing 

 tMt of any freehold or life-ellate in the town of St. George, 

 givtB a vote for a reprefentative of the town. The la%v- 



G R E 



courts in Grenada, befides thofe of chancery and ordinary 

 are the cmirt of grand-felTiona of the peace licld t%vicc a 

 year, -viz. in March and September ; the court of common- 

 pleas, confining of one chief and four aflilbnt jufticcj, 

 whofe commiliions are during plcafure, the chief ju^icc 

 being ufually appointed in England, with a falary of 600/. 

 per annum, and the others being commonly appointed by the 

 governor without any falary ; the court of cxchtqucr, lately 

 grown into difufe ; the court of admiralty for the trial of 

 all prize-caufes of capture from enemies in war, and of 

 revenue-feizures in peace or war, having one judge of ad- 

 miralty and one furrogate ; and a court of error, compoftd 

 of the governor and council, for trying all appeals of error 

 from the court of common-pleas. The common and ilatute- 

 laws of England are confidercd as extending Xu Grenada ia 

 all applicable cafes, not provided for by the laws of the 

 ifland. N. lat. 12 10'. W. long. 61 30'. Edwards's Hill, 

 of the Weft Indies, vol. i. 



Gkenwda, or Granada. See Gii.\.v.\da. 

 GiirNADA. See Gr-vnado. 



GRENADE, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Landes, and cliief place of a canton, in the dlflricl of 

 Mont-de-Marfan ; feven miles E. of St Sever. The place 

 contains 1330, and the canton 7563 inhabitants, on a terri- 

 tory o{ 195 kiliometres, in eleven cammunes. — Alfo, a town 

 of France, in tlie department of the Upper Garonne, and 

 chief place of a canton, in the dillrict of Touloufe ; 1 2 miles' 

 N. N. W.of Teuloufe. The place contains 3500, and the 

 canton 9142 inhabitants, on a territory of 232^ kiliometres» 

 in 13 communes. 



GRENADIER. See Grax.^diek- 

 GitKNADlEii, in Ornithology. See Lo.xi.v Oriv. 

 GRENADIN. See Frixgill.\ Granal'ma. 

 GRENADINES, orGRE.NADlLl.AS, in Geography,-^, cluf- 

 ter of iflands in the Weft Indies,araounting in number to more 

 than 20, fituated between Grenada and St. Vincent, and pro- 

 ducing cotton, cofi"ee, indigo, and fugar. Cariacou is the prin- 

 cipal. Thefe iflands formerly appertained to tiie government 

 of Grenada ; but by an arrangement of the Britilh admini- 

 ftration, a fine of divifion pafles in an eaft and weft direction, 

 between Cariacou and ETnion ifland. The former of thefe 

 and fome fmaller iflands fouth of it, are ail that are now 

 comprized in tlie Grenada government : Union ifland, with. 

 all the little iflands adjoining, to the north, beinf annexed 

 to the government of St. Vincent. See Caulvcoi; and 



ROSDF. 



GRENAILLE, a name given by the French writers 

 to a preparation of copper, which the Chinefe ufe as a r*d 

 colour in fome of their fineft china, particularly for Uiat 

 colour which is called oil-red, or red in oil. The china- 

 ware coloured with thir. is very dear. The manner in which 

 they procure the preparation is thus : thev have in China 

 no fuch thing as filver-coined money, but thev ufe in com- 

 merce bars or mafles of filver ; thefe they pay and re«;eive 

 in large bargains ; and among a nation fo fidj of fraud as- 

 the Ch.inefe, it is no wonder that thefe are often adulterated 

 with too great an alloy of copper. They pafs, however, 

 in this llatc in the common payments. There ar? fome. 

 occafions, however, fuch as the paying of the taxes and con- 

 tributions, on which they muft liavc their filver pure and 

 fine ; on tl'Js occafion they have rtcourfe to certiuii people 

 whole fole bufinefs it is to refine the fdver, and feparate. 

 it from the copper and the lead it contains. This thev do 

 in furnaces made for the purpofe, and with very convenient, 

 veflels. While the copper is in fufion, tlicy take a fmall 

 brafn, and dip the end of it into water ; then flrikiug the 

 handle of the brufli, they fprinkle the water bv degrees 



upoa 



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