P Y C 



P Y C 



PYBOLOWO, a town of Lithuania; 25 miles E. of 

 Minflt. 



PYCIELT, ill Botany, a name pjivon by Hernandez, 

 and fome other authors, to a peculiar fpecies of tobacco, 

 diftinguiflicd by Mr. Tournefort by tlic name of nicotiana 

 major lato et rotundo folio, the broad roundifh-leaved great 

 tobacco. 



PYCNANTHEMUM, a name contrived by Michaux, 

 from iiixTOf, denfe, and av5o,-, a flower, to exprefs the denfe 

 inflorcfcence. — Michaux Borcali-Amer. v. 7.. 7. Ait. Hort. 

 Kew. V. 3. 376. Purih v. 2. 409. (Brachyftemum ; Mi- 

 chaux Borcali-Amer. v. 2. J.) — Clafs and order, Didynamia 

 Gynmofpermia. Nat. Ord. Verticillatic, Linn. LablaU, 

 .luff. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth of one leaf, inferior, tubular, 

 ftriated, ereft, permanent, with five avvl-fhaped, acute, 

 nearly equal teeth ; the mouth naked. Cor. of one petal, 

 ringent ; tube cylindrical, the length of the calyx ; upper 

 lip nearly ereft, oblong, (lightly convex, rounded, fcarcely 

 notched ; lower lip much the largeil, widely fprcading, 

 channelled, three-lobed ; the lateral lobes femi-elliptical ; the 

 middle one longeft. Slam. Filaments four, awl-(haped, 

 dillant, various in length ; two of them fliorter than the 

 reft. ; anthers with two parallel cells. Pijl. Germen fupe- 

 rior, four-cleft ; ftyle briftle-diaped, rather (horter than the 

 corolla ; lligmas two, fprcading, acute. Per'ic. none, ex- 

 cept the permanent calyx. Heeds four, roundifh. 



Eir. Ch. Calyx five -cleft. Middle fegment of the low^r 

 lip of the corolla longer than the reft. Stamens diftant. 

 Anthers with parallel cells. 



Obf. This genus feems to differ from Satureja principally 

 in the form of its corolla. The fpecies, as far as we know, 

 are all American. 



Se£t. I. Stamens prominent. Pyenanthemum of yiichznx. 



i. P. incanum. Hoary Tufted Savory. Michaux v. 2. 7. 

 Purfhn. I. Ait. n. I. (Clinopodium incanum ; Linn. Sp. 

 PI. 822. WiUd. Sp. PI. T. 3. 132. C. menthx folio, 

 incanum ct odoratum ; Dill. Elth. 87. t. 74. C. Serpen- 

 taria didlum, &c. ; Pluk. Mant. 51. t. 344. f. 1.) — Leaves 

 oblong-ovate, acute, flightly ferrated, downy. Heads 

 compound ; the lateral ones ftalked. Brafteas fetaceous. 

 — Found in low fields and copfes, from Virginia to Carolina ; 

 flowering from July to Oiilober. It was cultivated in She- 

 rard's garden at Eltham before the year 1732, but has 

 fcarcely been attended to by recent amateurs. The root is 

 perennial. Stem three feet high, ereft, fomewhat branched, 

 leafy, bluntly quadrangular. Leaves about two inches 

 long, on Ihort ftalks ; their under fide moft hoary or downy. 

 Flowers white, tinged with red, in denfe ftalked hoary 

 whorls, with a terminal head ; their inner braBeas briftle- 

 Ihaped. The whole herb is clothed with fine foft pubefcence ; 

 the leaves marked with pellucid dots ; their fcent aromatic, 

 partaking of the common, as well as fweet. Marjoram. 



2. Y, ar'ijlatum. Briftly Tufted Savor)'. Michaux v. 2. 8. 

 t. 33. Purftj n. 2. Ait. n. 2. (Nepeta virginica; Linn. 

 Sp. PI. 799. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. 56. Clinopodium ama- 

 raci folio, flore albo ; Pluk. Phyt. t. 85. f. 2.) — Leaves 

 ovato-lanceolate, fomewhat hoary, (lightly ferrated. Heads 

 feffile. Brafteas and calyx awned. — Native of dry woods, 

 on a limeftone foil, from Maryland to Carolina, flowering 

 in July and Auguft. Miller appears to have cultivated this 

 fpecies in 1752. It is perennial, with altogether the herb- 

 age and afpedt of an Origanum. The leaves are not an inch 

 long, nearly feflile, dotted, veiny, thick-edged, very mi- 

 nutely, and fcarcely perceptibly, hoary. Flowers white, 

 fmall, in numerous, denfe, terminal, hoary, compound heads. 

 Bra&eas lanceolate, entire, witU long, rigid, awn-like points. 



3. P. monlatium. Mountain Tufted Savory. Michaux 

 v. 2. 8. Pur(h n. 3. — " Leaves oval-lanceolate, ferrated. 

 Head feflile. Calyxes crowded, ereft, with fhort teeth." 

 — Native of high mountains in Carolina, according to Mi- 

 chaux, the only perfon who appears to have gathered this 

 plant. The Jlcm, and part of the reft of the herb, are 

 ufually tinged with purple. We have feen neither fpecimen 

 nor figure. 



4. P. Monardella. Monarda Tufted Savory. Michaux 

 V. 2. 8. t. 34. Purfh n. 4. (Origanum incanum ; Walter 

 Carolin. 165.) — Somewhat hairy. Leaves ovate, taper- 

 pointed, ferrated. Outer brafteas ovate, coloured, longer 

 than the flowers; iuner lanceolate, fringed. Calyx bearded. 

 — Found on the mountains of Virginia and Carolina, but as 

 yet a ftrangcr to our gardens. It flowers from June to 

 Auguft, and is perennial. The habit of the plant, and iti 

 coloured hradeas, refemble Monnrda Jijlulofa. The Jlower.i 

 are fmall, and pale red, according to Mr. Purfti, on whom 

 we depend for the fynonym of Walter. 



5. P. linifolium. Flax-leaved Tufted Savory. Furfh 

 n. 5. Ait. n. 3. (Brachyftemum virginicum ; Michaux 

 V. 2. 6. B. linifolium ; Willd. Enum. 623. Thymus vir- 

 ginicus ; Linn. Syft. Veg. ed. 13. 453. Willd. Sp. PI. 

 V. 3. 145. Satureja rirginiana; Linn. Sp. PI. 753. Herm. 

 Parad. 218. t. 218. Pulegium virginianum anguftifolium, 

 &c. ; Pluk. Phyt. t. 54. f. 2.) — Stemereft, much branched, 

 corymbofe, roughifh. Leaves lanceolate, entire. Heads 

 crowded, nearly globular. Brafteas ovate, fringed. — 

 Found in rather dry and mountainous meadows of North 

 America, from New England to Carolina, flowering in July 

 and Auguft. Miller had it in cultivation in the year 1739, 

 and it is ftill preferved in curious gardens, being a tolerably 

 hardy, fomewhat fhrubby, perennial, of a bufliy corymbofe 

 habit, about eighteen inches or two feet high. The whole 

 plant fmells ftrongly of Penny-royal. The Jlem is fquare, 

 pale, downy chiefly at the angles ; its upper branches rifing 

 all nearly to a level, and forming a corymbus of numerous, 

 globofe or hemifpherical, downy heads, of fmall white 



Jlowers. The bradeas are numerous, all ovate ; the outer 

 ones large, the inner very downy. Such is the plant in- 

 tended by LinnKus under the above fynonyms, and which 

 is perhaps rather the P. lanceolatum of Purfh, than his lini- 

 folium. In the latter ihejiamens are longer than the corolla; 

 in the former they are fhorter ; but this is evidently, as in 

 Mints, a variable circumftance ; and therefore the Pycnan- 

 themum and Brachvjlemum of Michaux, are certainly one and 

 the fame genus. We are confident alfo that there is no fpe- 

 cific difference between Purlh's and Willdenow's linifolium 

 and lanceolatum. 



Seft. 2. Stamens within the tube. Brachyjlemvm of Mi- 

 chaux. 



6. P. muticum. Pointlefs Tufted Savory. Purfh n. 7. 

 (Brachyftemum muticum ; Michaux v. 2. 6. t. 32.) — 

 Leaves ovate, pointed, fmoothilh, fomewhat ferrated. 

 Heads terminal, felTile, folitary. Brafteas lanceolate, acute, 

 awnlefs. — Gathered by Michaux in Upper Carolina. Mr. 

 Pur(h never found this fpecies. The former writer is in- 

 correft in his definition of the leaves, which are by no means 

 " lanceolate-oval," nor are they " dentate," but truly fer- 

 rated, at leaft in his plate. The beads bear fome refem- 

 blance to thofe of our fifth fpecies, but are lefs globofe. 



7. P. verticillatum. Whorled Tufted Savory. Pm-fh 

 n. 8. (Brachyftemum verticillatum ; Michaux v. 2. 6. t. 31. 

 Origanum clinopodioides ; Walt. Carol. 165.) — Leaves 

 ovate, pointed, entire. Flowers capitate and whorled. 

 Brafteas lanceolate, pointed. — Native of mountains in 

 North America, from Pennfylvania to Carolina, flowering 



ill 



