PYllOLA. 



part 111 mountainous filuations, m the more northern parts 

 of Europe, alfo in North America, flowering in July. We 

 have gathered it on the plain of mount Cenis, and in moid 

 parts of the fandy downs of Holland ; oppolitc to which, 

 on the Norfolk coall, this plant has likewife been found by 

 the accurate Mr. Lily Wigg, growing among bufhes, on 

 BradwcU common, not far from Yarmouth ; where we like- 

 wife have feen it. There is more difficulty in aicertainiiig 

 an indubitable ftation of this fpecies in the northern or 

 mountainous parts of Britain, becaufe of the media having 

 been fo much confounded with it, nor have we any fpeci- 

 men from thofe countries. The roots are perennial, long, 

 creeping, thread-fhaped, fcaly. Stems very fhort and fimple, 

 leafy, folitary at the end of each fhoot of the root. Leaves 

 four or five; on bordered imoolh footjlalis of various lengths 

 (from one to two inches); roundiih or elliptical, obtufc, an 

 inch or inch and a half long, very obfcurely crenate, fmooth, 

 fhining, reticulated witli numerous veins ; paler beneath. 

 Floiver-Jialh terminal, folitary, about a fpan long, angular, 

 flightly twilled, fmooth, bearing a few fcattered lanceolate 

 membranous bradcas, and terminating in a long, rather loofe, 

 clujler, of from four to eight or ten large, handfome, white, 

 drooping, but not quite pendulous, fragrant _y?0TO£'rj, each 

 having a fimilar braflea to the rell, at the bafe of the partial 

 ftalk, and fully equal to it in length. Segments of the 

 calyx lanceolate, acute, full half the length of the petals, 

 which, though ufually rounded and blunt, have fometimes 

 a ponited appearance. Stamens about the length of thf 

 calyx, all turned upward, and crowded together ; their 

 anthers deflexed, yellow, with orange horns. Germcn fhort, 

 live-lobed. Style twice as long as the ilamens, (lender and 

 quite pendulous in its lower part, gradually fwelling to- 

 wards the extremity, which is recurved. Stigma dilated, 

 annular, with five fmall central points. Capfule the fize of 

 a pea, depreffed, five-lobed, crowned with the permanent 

 ilyle and ftigma. 



2. P. chlorantha. Greenifli-flowered Winter-green. — 

 Swartz in Stockh. Tranf. for 1810. 190. t. 5:. (P. folio 

 obtufo, flore viridiufculo ; Rivm. Pentap. Irr. t. 138. f. i.) 

 — Stamens (lightly afcending. Style twice as long, club- 

 iTiaped, deflexed and recurved. Clulter many-flowerad. 

 Calyx fhorter than the ftamens. — Native of Sweden, and 

 probably, by the fvnonym of Rivinus, of Germany, flower- 

 ing .ibout the middle of July. Profeflbr Swartz diltin- 

 guifhes it from the foregoing, by the fmaller, often abrupt, 

 leaves ; Jlalk almofl deititute of braSeas below ; petals of a 

 whitifh, or yellowifli, green hue ; and Jlamens lefs curved 

 upwards. We gather alfo, from his figure and defcription, 

 that the bratleas which accompany each jlonver are much 

 fliorter than the partial ft^.lks, and that the calyx alfo is 

 fhorter, and more clofe-preded, than in P. rotundifoUa. 

 In the pofture and form o"f the Jlvle we find no difference. 

 The common _fo-uer-Jlali is remarkably fpiral. Poflibly the 

 P. folio rotundo of Rivinus, t. 137, may reprefent this 

 fpecies in fruit ; as the poiture of the permanent _//)i/« agrees 

 better with it than with the following. 



3. P. media. Intermediate Winter-green. Swartz in 

 Stockh. Tranf. for 1804 (not 17S4), 257. t. 7. f. I. Engl. 

 Bot. t. 1945. Winch Guide, v. 2. 19. (P. rotundifoha; 

 Fl. Dan. t. no.) — Stamens regularly indexed. Style 

 twice as long, deflexed perpendicularly. Cluiter of many 

 pendulous flowers. Calyx Ihorter than the Ilamens. — Na- 

 tive of bulhy fhady places in Sweden, and vai-ious parts of 

 the north of England, flowering towards the end of June. 

 We fufpeft alfo that this is the Oxfordlhire fpecies, com- 

 monly niiftaken for minor, and that it has often in Scotland, 

 from whence we have fpecimcns, been taken for rotiindifolia. 

 The leaves mod agree with the laft-named, but the Jlo-wcrs 

 7 



differ eflentially in being fmaller, more pendulous, and of 

 a lefs pure white. The Jlanuns are nearly twice the length 

 of the calyx, all regularly and equally inflexed, not at all 

 turned upward. Style bent in a curve downward, its extre- 

 mity furrowed, llightly tiiickened, vertical, not recurved. 

 The Jlalk is fpiral, as in the laft, with about two diftant 

 bratleas in its lower part, the hraSeas which accompany each 

 flower being nearly as long as the partial llalks. Even Lin- 

 nseus may perhaps have confounded this with his true minor. 

 4. P. minor. Lcffer Winter-green. Linn. Sp. PI. 567. 

 Willd. n. 2. Ait. n. 2. Engl. Bot. t. 158. Fl. Dan. t. 55. 

 Rivin. Pentap. Irr. t. 136. f. I. (P. rofea; Engl. Bot. 

 t. 2543.) — Stamens regularly inflexed. Style the fame 

 length, Itraight, iligma lobed, pointlefs. Cluft'.r of many 

 drooping flowers. Stalk llraight.— Native of woods and 

 thickets on the mountains of Europe ; occurring in feveral 

 parts of Scotland and the county of Durham, and flowering 

 in July. This is fmaller in general than any of the fore- 

 going ; the leaves more elliptical ; Jlalk llraight, not fpiral, 

 with three principal angles and a imaller oiie, bearing a few 

 broad braStas near the bafe, but fcarcely any other, except 

 the fmall awl-fliaped ones at each partial ftalk. The Jloivers 

 are very numerous, but fmall, drooping or even pendulous, 

 white with more or lefs of a pink tinge. Stamens regularly 

 incurved. Pores of the anthers dilated, not tubular. Style 

 ftraight, of a much (horter proportion than any of thofe 

 we have hitherto mentioned ; the Jligma large, five-lobed ; 

 deprefl'ed, and dellitule of points, in the centre. We can 

 no longer doubt that t. 158 and t. 2543 of Englilh Botany 

 reprefent one and the fame fpecies, which we poiTefs alfo 

 from mount Cenis, Savoy, and Switzerland, as well as mj 

 the Linna:an herbarium. P. media, having been confoiuided 

 by botaniils in general with this, lias caufed all our per- 

 plexity exprefled in Engl. Bot. 2543. The plant which 

 Mr. Lightfoot introduced at Bulftrode, we judge from me- 

 mory to have been media; fee Engl. Bot. 158. 



5. P. afarifolia. Afarabacca-leaved Winter-green. Mi- 

 chaux Boreal-Amer. v. i. 251. Purfli n. 2. — "Leaves kid- 

 ney-(haped. Stalk with a few fheathing, convoluted, diftant 

 fcales. Flowers turned every way. Style declining." 

 Michaux. — Found by Michaux in Canada; by Purlh in 

 beech woods on the mountains of Pennfylvania, flowering in 

 July. Thejlowers are yellowi(h-green. If it were not for 

 the " (heathing fcales," we fliould fufpeft this might be the 

 fame as our chlorantha, n. 2, whofe leaves axe often, it feems, 

 fhort and abrupt ; but we have feen no fpecimens anfwerable 

 to either. 



6. P. ckntata. Toothed Winter-green. — Leaves eUiptic- 

 obovate, obtuie, toothed. Stalk ftraight, obfcurely angu- 

 lar, nearly naked. Stamens afcending. "Style deflexed, 

 ftrongly recurved. Stigma with a cylindrical point. Ga- 

 thered by Mr. Menzies, on the weft coaft of North America. 

 This fpecies is readily diflinguiihed from all others, hitherto 

 diicovered, by its leaves, which are obovate, or fomewhat 

 elliptical, one and a half or two inches long, half or three 

 quarters of an inch broad ; their margin befet with very 

 remarkable diftindl, fmall, blunt teeth, ufually near a quarter 

 of an inch afunder ; their furface not reticulated, but fur- 

 niihed with one leries of connefted arching veins, on each 

 fide the midrib. Footjlalks triangular, about as long as the 

 leaves. Flower-Jlalk fix inches long, neai'ly naked, round, 

 very flightly angular, bearing a long loofe clujler oi jlo-wers, 

 much refembling thofe of the firft fpecies in fize and ftruc- 

 ture, as well as in the pofition of their Jlamens ; but their 



Jlyle is (till more remarkably recurved, fo as to form a femi- 

 circle ; and the point of the Jligma much more prominent,' 

 of a cylindrical ihape, five-cleft at the fummit. 



7. p. aphylla. Leaflefs Winter-green. — Stem and ftalk 



fcaly, 



