PYRUS. 



Woodv. Med. Bot. t. 79. (Mains cotonca ; Gcr. Em. 

 1452. Matth. Valgr. v. i. 217.) — Leaves ronndifh-ellip- 

 tical, entire ; downy beneath. Flowers lolitiiry, llalked. 

 Calyx ferrated, reflexcd. — Native of the rocky banks of the 

 Danube. Naturalized in the hedges of Germany. Dr. 

 Sibthorp found it wild in the northern parts of Greece, in 

 which country it retains the ancient name xv^aivict. This was 

 among the firft exotic fruits cultivated in England, where 

 it blofl'oms in May or June, and ripens fruit in autumn. 

 The tree is rather fpreading than tall. Leaves roundifh, 

 various in fize ; fmooth and light green above ; white with 

 foft denfe down beneath. Flotuer-Jlalks and calyx more or 

 lefs woolly. Petals large, flcrti-coloured. Fi-iiit large, 

 yellow, very aullere and aftringent, but with a peculiar and 

 very powerful fragrance. Cookery renders it mild, and to 

 moil perfons highly grateful. There are three or four an- 

 gular feeils in each cell, ranged horizontally, not, as in the 

 laft, vertically. The Quince is fuppofed to be the golden 

 apple ot the Hefperides, fo famous in ancient fable. 



20. P. fcl'iafoTicK Willow-leaved Crab-tree. Linn. 

 Suppl. 255. WiUd. n. 18. Ait. n. 14. Pallas RofT. 

 V. I. p. I. 20. t. 9. — Leaves linear-lanceolate, hoary, nearly 

 entire ; downy beneath. Flowers folitary, ahnoll feflile. — 

 Native of Siberia, America, and mount Haemus. Sent to 

 Kew, by Pallas, in 1780. It is a hardy tree, flowering 

 early in fpring, and known by its hoary, narrow, willow- 

 like leaves. The Jlotvers are terminal, folitary, and nearly 

 feflile ; not axillary. Fruit pear-fhaped, an inch long, 

 brown, not at all eatable till mellowed by froft, like med- 

 lars ; and oven then not very good. 



21. P. Chamcemefpllus. Baftard Quince. Ehrh. Beitr. 

 fafc. 4. 19. Sm. Prodr. Fl. Graec. Sibth. n. 1158. 

 (Mefpilus Cham^mefpilus ; Linn. Sp. PI. 6S5. Willd. 

 Sp. PI. V. 2. lOIl. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 3. 206. Cra- 

 taegus Chamimefpilus ; Jacq. Auftr. t. 231. Cotanafter 

 Gefneri ; Ger. Em. 1606.) — Leaves elHptical, fh a rply fer- 

 rated, fmooth. Flowers in corymbofe ln'ads. Calyx very 

 woolly within. Styles two, fmooth. — Native of tlie alps 

 of Auflria, Savoy, and Switzerland, as well as of mount 

 Athos, and the Pyrenees, flowering in June. A bulhy 



Jlorub ; the leaves two or three inches long and one wide ; 

 entire at the bafe ; of a deep (hining green ; their under fide 

 paler, marked with many tranfverfe parallel veins. Flo-wers 

 fmall, deep rofe-coloured. Calyx very denfely lined with 

 long white wool. Styles and feeels but two. Fruit corym- 

 bofe, oval, of an orange fcarlet, the fize of a haw. 



22. P. Aria. White Beam-tree, or White Wild Pear- 

 tree. Ehrh. Beitr. fafc. 4. 20. Arb. 84. Sm. Fl. Brit, 

 n. 7. Engl. Bot. t. 1858. Willd. n. 19. Ait. n. 15. 

 (Crataegus Aria; Linn. Sp. PI. 681. Fl. Dan. n. 301. 

 t. 302. Aria Theophralti ; Ger. Em. 1327.) — Leaves 

 elliptical, cut, .ind ferrated ; white and downy beneath, 

 with crowded parallel veins. Corymbs compound, woolly. 

 Styles two or more. — Native of limeftone rocks, or chalky 

 hills, in moit parts of Europe ; not rare in the mountainous 

 countries of England, flowering; in Mav, ripening fruit in 

 September. A handlome fmall tree, much cultivated in 

 home plantations. The young branches, like the Jlalhs, 

 calyx, and backs of the leaves, are very white, with mealy 

 or cottony down. The leaves vary from an ovate or obo- 

 vate figure, to a more corrett oval, and are pretty regularly 

 cut, as well as ferrated, but not finuated or lobed ; their 

 veins, or fide-ribs, numerous, itraight and parallel ; their 

 upper fide fmooth. Corymbs fubdivided, many-flowered, 

 cottony. Petals white, the fize of thofe of the Hawthorn. 

 Styles two, often three, rarely four. Fruit nearly globular, 

 fcarlet, dotted, meally and acid ; its cells coriaceous rather 



than horny, equal in number to the ftylcs, with two feeds 

 in each. 



23. P. intermedia. Suedifli White Beam-tree. Ehrh. 

 Beitr. fafc. 4. 20. Arb. 94. Willd. n. 20. Arb. 268. 

 Ait. n. 16. (Sorbus alpina, foliis finuofis ; Fl. Dan. 

 n. 302. t. 301. fig. in flower only. S. hybrida ; Hudf. 

 216.) — Leaves elliptical, lobed, cut and ierrated ; white 

 and downy beneath, with rather diftant veins. Corymbs 

 compound, woolly. Styles two or more. — Native of Swe- 

 den. Found by Mr. Waring, on the walls of calHe Dinas 

 y Bran, North Wales. Hud/on. Specimens from the ori- 

 ginal plant prove the fame as thofe of Ehrhart, and differ 

 from the common P. Aria, only in having the leaves fo far 

 cut, as to be, rn fome degree, pinnatifid, owing to which 

 the tranfverfe veins are rather jnore diltant from each other. 

 We can fcarcely admit it to be more than a variety, as Lin- 

 n^us made it in Sp. PI. 681. It is his Lapland plant, FL 

 Lapp. n. 199. 



24. P. pinnatifida. Ballard Mountain Afli. Ehrh. 

 Beitr. fafc. 6. 93. Exficc. 145. Sm. Engl. Bot. t. 2331. 

 (P. hybrida; Sm. Fl. Brit. n. 6, excluding the fynouyms 

 of Hudfon and Withering. Sorbus hybrida ; Linn. Sp. 

 PI. 684. Linn. Fil. fafc. 1. t. 6. WiUd. Sp. PI. v. 2. 

 IC08. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 3. 204. Fl. Dan. n. 302. 

 t. 301. fig. in fruit.) Leaves oblong, deeply pinnatifid, 

 or half pinnate ; downy beneath. Corymbs compound, 

 woolly. Styles about three. — Native of Sweden. Ga- 

 thered wild, by the late Mr. J. Mackay, in rocky places 

 on Cairn na Callich, and other mountains, at the north end 

 of the ifleof Arran. It is frequent in plantations, flower, 

 ing in May, and propagated by feed. This was thought 

 by Linnaeus to be a mule, between Aria, and aucuparia 

 hereafter mentioned. It nearly accords with the former, 

 but the leaves are more oblong and acute ; very deeply pin- 

 natifid, or even pinnate, in their lower part. The Jlotvers 

 imA fruit almoft agree with thofe of aucuparia. The Jlyles 

 are ufually three or four. 



25. P. aucuparia. Mountain Afli ; Quicken, or Roan 

 Tree. Ehrh. Beitr. fafc. 6. 94. Gxrtn. v. 2. 45. t. 87. 

 Sm. Fl. Brit. n. 5. (Sorbus aucuparia; Linn. Sp. PI. 

 683. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 2. 1008. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 3. 

 204. Fl. Dan. t. 1034. Mill. lUultr. t. 43. Engl. Bot. 

 t. 337. S. fylveftris ; Ger. Em. 1473. Matth. Valgi'. 

 V. I. 238.) Leaves pinnate; leaflets equal, ferrated, 

 fmoothifh. Corymbs compound, fomewhat panicled. 

 Styles about three.— Native of mountainous places, in the 

 colder parts of Europe; abundant in Scotland, Derbyfhire, 

 (Sec. flowering in Mav, and very common in domeftic 

 plantations. An elegant and very hardy free, of flow- 

 growth, the wood being hard and tough. Leaves all dif- 

 tindtly pinnate, of many pair of oppofite, oblong, fmooth, 

 ferrated leaflets, more or lefs entire towards the bafe, with 

 an odd one ; the young ones downy beneath. Flowers very 

 numerous, white, the fize of the three laft, but rather more 

 panicled. Fruit fcarlet, acid and bitter, yet eatable when 

 prepared with fugj.r. According to Lightfoot, this tree is 

 found generally about the Druidical circles in North Britain, 

 and is ilill believed, by the fuperftitious Highlanders, to be 

 powerfully efficacious againft witchcraft. 



26. P. domeflica. True Service Tree. Ehrh. Beitr. 

 fafc. 6. 95. Exficc. 155. Sm. Fl. Brit. n. 4. Engl. 

 Bot. t. 350. ( Sorbus domeftica ; Linn. Sp. PI. 684. 

 Willd. Sp. PI. V. 2. 1009. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 3. 204. 

 Jacq. Auftr. t. 447. Matth. Valgr. v. i. 237. Sorbus; 

 Ger. Em. 1471.) — Leaves pinnate ; leaflets equal, ftrongly 

 ferrated, downy beneath. Flowers panicled. Styles five. — 

 Native of the warmer parts of Europe. Dr. Sibthorp 



O 2 found 



