Q a A 



fupported by the daily experience of the befl farmei*s in the 

 country. There is another circumilaiice whieli is of lome 

 importance in this btifinefs, which is that of the grain for 

 this ufe bciiig condantly newly threlhcd out from the llraw, 

 as fuch, for the moil part, fprouts and grows more expe- 

 ditioufly, and is lei's hable to rot and perifh in unfavourable 

 feafons and fituations. 



All forts of difeafed grain, and fuch as is not perfeftly 

 free from the mixture of the feeds of weeds witii it, fhould 

 always be, as much as pollible, avoided in this intention. 



In regard to the fmaller forts of feeds for raifing all kinds 

 of plant-crops in the Held, as well as thofe of the grafs fort, 

 both natural and ariiticial, the principal necedary qualities, 

 in each, are thofe of their being of a bright, lively, fliining 

 colour, perfeftly found, and Irefh, or lately colletled from 

 the plants. Such as are old, or kept more than a few months, 

 are mollly improper for this application. The belt lorts 

 commonly (lide freely over each other, without llicking or 

 being heavy in the hand, and have a brilliant bloomy ap- 

 pearance. 



In gardening, moft forts of feeds alfo are the bed, and 

 require to have thefe properties and qualities as much as 

 poffible ; but there are a few which are apt to grow too 

 luxuriantly for fruiting well, as feme of the cucumber, 

 melon, kidney-bean, and other kinds, which are better for 

 being kept for fome length of time, as this property is 

 thereby in fome meafure correfted and reftrained. Molt 

 forts of nuts and Hones, when ufed as feed, fhould, how- 

 ever, be employed in as frelh a flate as poflible. 



Sets are different in their nature, being of the root or 

 plant kinds. In the former, the fets or cuttings flioald 

 have the eyes or buds in a perfedl Hate, and be of a mid- 

 dling fize, as both thofe which are very large and very 

 fmall are objeftionable. This is the cafe with the potatoe 

 and fome other forts. In the latter, the plants fliould not 

 have too large growths, but be in a fine young Hate of ve- 

 getation, fo that they can be fet out with facihty, and 

 readily take root again, having their heads or upper parts, 

 for the produftion of the produce, wholly in an uninjured 

 condition. They fliould alfo be quite newly drawn up, 

 cut or flipped from the ilalks of the old plants, without any 

 fort of clubbing near the roots in thofe which are drawn. 

 Such as have rifen the moft quickly from the feed, are, in 

 general, the beft. They fhould none of them ever be kept 

 any great length of time after being drawn, before they are 

 re-planted. This is equally apphcable to the field and garden 

 kinds. See Seed, Set, and Sowing. 



The produce in all the white or grain crops, which are 

 employed either for the purpofe of mealing or malting, 

 fliould conftantly be well ripened ; but where the ftraw is 

 to be made ufe of as cattle food, the crops are better to be 

 cut before they have reached the Hate of full maturity, 

 as this purpofe is thereby more completely anfwcred. 

 There is much lofs in the produce of molt forts of field 

 plant-crops, by taking them before they have formed their 

 bulbs or heads in a perfedl manner. But many of fuch 

 like produfts, in the garden,- are the beft and molt advan- 

 tageoudy taken in fuch impcrfeft flates, being tough, and 

 Coarfe when full grown, and without the necellary tender- 

 nefs. Others require to be cut or drawn early in order to 

 have the proper degrees of fweetnefs and flavour. The 

 fruit kind of produce is taken both before and when nearly 

 ripe, according to the ufes for which it is intended. Some 

 forts of vegetable produce are ufed quite in their green 

 ftate, as food ; while others are belt in a fomewhat more 

 advanced ftate: and others, again, in both thefe ftates. 

 And there are thofe which require to be well ripened, 



QUA 



and kept for fome length of tiirie before they are ufed in 

 this way. 



All lorts of produce of the grafs-kiiid, are cut and ufed 

 to the molt benefit, when they are taken a little before they 

 become perfectly ripe, as they go the farliielt, whether they 

 are to be confumed in the green Hale, or in thv.t of hay. 

 This is equally the cafe with the more luxuriant artificial 

 forts, as with thofe of lefs growth, of the natural kind. 

 This is explained more fully in fpeaking of the differeiit 

 plants and crops individually, and in the article Hay J 

 which fee. 



QUALO, in Geography, a town on the N.E. coalt of 

 Sumatra. N. lat. 2'-" 45'. E. long. 99" 40'. 



QUALUGA, a town of Africa, 111 the country of Whi- 

 dali ; 18 miles N.W. of Sabi. 



QUAM, a town of Norway, in the diocefe of Dron- 

 theini ; 68 miles N. of Drontheim. 



(^v AM dill fe bene gijferit, a claule frequent in letters pa- 

 tent, or grants of offices, to fecure them fo long as the 

 perfon they are granted to Ihall not be guilty of abufing 

 the fame. 



Thus, e. gr. we find it in thofe given to the barons of the 

 exchequer : where it intimates, that they fliall hold the fame 

 as long as they Ihall behave themfelves well ; which is to be 

 reftrained to matters of their ofBces ; and fignifies no more 

 than the law would have implied, had the office been granted 

 exprcfsly for life. See Judge. 



A grant therefore, with this claufe, is equivalent to a 

 grant for life. 



QUAMASH, in Botany, a name given, by the North 

 American Indians, to a plant called Phalnnghtm Quamajh, 

 by Mr. Purlh, in his Flora, v. i. 226; who neverthelefs 

 mentions an irregularity m the petals, that might poffibly 

 eftablifh it as a new genus. See Phalangium. 



This plant was obferved by governor Lewis, about the 

 upper part of the MilToiiri, near the Rocky-mountains, flow- 

 ering in June. The bulb is roundifli, tunieated. Stem none. 

 Leaves radical, few, long, and hnear, half an inch broad, 

 fmooth ; keeled underneath. Flower-Jlalk folitary, naked, 

 ereft, round, fmooth, unbranched, a foot or more in height, 

 terminating in a fp'ike, or rather clujler, of large, pale-blue 

 Jlowers, each accompanied by a linear, membranous, wither- 

 ing bradea, longer than the partial llalk. Petals lineaV- 

 lanceolate, nearly equal in length ; five of them afcending ; 

 the fixth deflexed. 



The bulbs are carefully collefted by the natives, and 

 cooked between heated ftones, when they aflume the ap- 

 pearance of baked pears, and have an agreeable fweet tafte. 

 They form a great part of the winter ftores of thefe In- 

 dians. Though governor Lewis's party found them a plea- 

 fant fort of food, they could not be eaten, in any quantity, 

 without caufing bowel complaints. 



QUAMOCLIT, an Indian name, retained by Plumier 

 and Tournefort as generic ; but by Linnreiis ufed only as 

 the fpecific appellation of a beautiful fpecies of IpomjEA ; 

 fee that article. 



QUAMPEAGAN Falls, in Geography, falls in Ame- 

 rica at the head of the tide on Newichwanock river, which 

 joins Pifcataqua river, lo miles from the fea ; fo called by 

 the natives, becaufe filh were there taken with nets. At 

 thefe falls are a fet of faw -mills and others, and alfo a land- 

 ing-place, where great quantities of lumber are rafted. Here 

 the river has the Euglilh name of Salmon Falls river, from 

 the number of falmon caught there. On many places from 

 Quampeagan to the pond, from which it ilTues, there are 

 mills for boards and corn. 



QUAM-TOM, a town of China, of the third rank, 



in 



