QUANTITY. 



toivaf, o-t^ji, (fi^oc; and fomctimes in Xifai, Safinor, Xi- 



4. Though J before and after 5 is generally long, 

 yet in the compounds and derivatives of r^a it is fliort, 

 Tfira*f>,- excepted. It is alio (hort in i^i^'o.:, SjtSaf, 



KffVOV, XflO-Jf, XJIT115, XflTSi", '7^1&o;,. 9{'|) "^^'X"-' With 



their compounds. And in materials in im; ; as xeJ^ivo;, 



j-ti/^jivo.-. Sec. 

 29. T before (z, i, 9, x, ?., v, •et, f, t, <^, is fliort; but 

 before y, y., o-, ;)c, moilly long : as 'Y/iJp; /^ajTujoi soTE, f I'- 

 ■■cttrrcTE 5' o»xio6 TTtT-vci. Hom. II. y. 380. 



1. Except verbals in utth^, vrm, vro:, uth'^, arc long; 

 as AiTJif, f^wnln,-, xi'i-.KTOi-, ftJ™^ : except a few in uto{ 

 fometimcs fliort. Difl^yllables in -jXr,, mr, un-;, are long; 

 except jx.vXfi, yvn, ■aXiJvo:. Adverbs in u^av are long ; 

 as /SoTftiJo», •cjjrfoy, except ^u^of. 



2. Thcfe alfo havei/ long: 'Afi'tJ^oj, ayKv^u., «X<;xtif>ic, 



^T^vooct Ky.^iJ}iVf xeXu^oCj Kivouvos, xoy^^uXiov, Ko^xu^a, xo- 



oLiXi--, ;i0Xj^a> Xt/^iSfl XcC^VeOV, XlTTVOOVy AuoO?, XU^I, ^V't.OC- 



4/x.Ki, fiujai»», jy,ii;s;j plJjioi, /wXiaw, oXufK, dicffJO!, onyvp-t 



o-jj-iyl, a-^Z^^, no'.vc, tu^o;, cguTaw, litjoj, %uXo;, ;^£Xuvii. 



3. But K in thefe is common : (SoSuvo;-, /JuSof, x^xju- 

 faXo;-, WKim^o.;, (-'ut!-:, cnfvin, TVKot, afovlvXiio-;, -rofuvJi, 

 7ju.fai', TV;-oEif> loi'f ; and fometimes m ■yiJ'Aio:, y.o^un, 



4. Though u, before 7, /,-., cr, x> is generally long ; 

 yet it is fhort in the terminations vf/oi and vfxa-v ; as in 

 v^vj^n;, Jia(rii'f/i.v ; and alfo in ivo't;, ^uio;, "R}.Saio;, 5i/- 

 ^aXi,, CUj'y-ovj xu^ivov, Xyyoi', Aua"i^, ^cc^ixa^vyVf fJ-^X^^-y 

 wj^iaro,, T>iirc7io;, t^iz/I!, ;^;uo-ii ; and u is often fliort in 

 Syff-aTOf, '\j^r,v, (pvcrti, and Si^^Krnp. 



i^/«a/ Syllables. 

 30. A, I, V, final are fliort : as jxaa^, ziTv(p^., ux, Wztot^ ; 



1. Except nouns in ^V, 9a, pa, sa, »a, and polyfyl- 

 lables in aiu. ; as xtpatK ; with suAaxa. Aia, i'a, p*ji, 

 ToTvia, however, are fliort. So are oiyyiv^a, axa»6^, 

 yfi^u^a, Ke^xi^^cT, oAu^a, (rxoA&TTEi'd^a, cr-^u^a, Tavay^a ; 

 compounds of /xstji-, as yiwfiit^ct ; fci preceded by a 

 diphthong, as vti^a ; except d'v^x, Aa't/^x, iiXiv^c.', 



2. Duals of the firft; declenfion ; as /xcuVrf. 



3. Adjeftives in a. pure, and ^a from mafciilines in 

 oc ; as dtxaja, >)^£Tf^a. 



4. Nouns in sia from eui. ; as oonAEi'ii from JouAtiJa;. 



5. Oxytons of the firft; declenfion ; as x^?"- 



6. Accufatives in a. from nouns in vj;, in the Attic 

 dialect. 



7. Vocatives from proper names in «;, as A»«ia, 

 n«AA«. 



8. The Doric a, as a Tray a, for rj T»yr, /Sofs* for 



9. Adverbs in ti as ufually long ; in ij-i, fliort ; as 



«vi()'^iJT(, EAAEVir*. 



10. Tu Doric for av is long; and adverbs in \j, as 

 ft£Ta|u : but dmx^v is common. 



11. The names of letters; as Jr, /^il ; to which add 



12. The paragoge in pronouns and adverbs ; as 

 iiiToa-l, »yvi ; except the dative plural ; as aoTa-t. 



13. The Attic 1 for a, t, or t/ ; as rauxl for ravja, 

 ojI for oOe, TouTi for toDto. 



14. The imperfeft and fecond aorifl of verbs in u^i, 

 as i<pv. 



ji. A., .V, L., final are fliort ; as ^:,, Z 'Aii, ; w«a», trVv » 



tri/y. 



1. Except that a* is long in circumflexed words, 

 and in oxytons mafculine ; as to«i., r«a«. 



2. Thefe adverbs, «y«v, JWv, xi^,,, ^.' . 3,,^ j,,^ 

 accufative of the firtt declenfion, whofe nominative is 

 long ; as Aivsi'av, ^,xlx<i. 



3. I» is long in words of two terminations ; as JiAg:, 

 and SiX(pl;. *■ 



4. 'H^,> and i^ii. whfn circumflexed : t!v Doric for 

 a-ol, Xlf\ii is fometimes long in Homer. 



5. Nouns in iv, <vc,c, as pno/- '1, lengthen iv final. 



6. Tv is long in words of two terminations ; as ziew/ 

 and pi^Kv:. 



7. Accufati.'es from uc long; as oif^Jv, with vDv; 

 though lu, the enclitic is fliort ; as io( vv.: 



8- The imperfedt and fecond aonll of verbs in l^i ; 



as EdEiXVUU, e'^I/v. 



32. Af final is fhort, uj final long; as Nect^j, aura^; 



Except that yaj and at/Ta» are fometimes long m 

 Homer. 



33. Af, <;, t/;, final are fliort ; as Axpra,-, fisys?,-, woAfe, ^;, 



1. Except that «; is long in the nominatives of 

 participles; asTuJ-aj: in all cafes of the firft declenfion ; 

 as 'AivEidf, taf^i'j.:, $iAiV„, pouVxf, except the Doric 

 accufative ; as v^iuCa,- ; in plural accufatives in c„- from 

 the long a in the accufative lingular of nouns ; in sui ; 

 and in nouns in a,-y.yn.^ ; as AiV.- ; with txAc.;. 



2. Alfo »j is long in words of two terminations; as 

 h\<p\i and hX'iU ; in nouns in >; increafing long ; as 

 x.njj,\c, o^n--, X14, &c. 



3. And us is long in words of two terminations ; as 

 i^ofxuv and f o^xui- ; in monofyllables, as />.D;, with xnl/zi/j ; 

 oxytons making the genitive in 0; pure ; as ttxM; : 

 iX^ui is common. And in verbs in t/u» ; as e'^eixh;-, 

 &c. 



On Quantity in the Latin Language. 



As the profody of the Latin language is confidered to 

 form an eflential part of a claflical education, we fhall, 

 therefore, devote the more peculiar attention to this part of 

 the fubjeft. In the courfe of wliich fome rules will be given 

 on the quantity of fyllables ufually faid to be long or fhort 

 by authority ; which, we believe, have never yet been col- 

 ledted by any writer, ancient or modern. Perhaps, there- 

 fore, in particular for this, and for fuch other reafons as the ■ 

 candour of impartial difccrnment fhall difcover, ^-e fhall 

 not incur the cenfure of having been too fanguine, fhould 

 we have indulged the hope of being enabled to offer the 

 moft complete fyftem on Latin profody that has hitherto 

 been prcfentod to the pubHc. 



General Rules. 



A Vowel before a Vowel. 



I. One vov/el preceding another, in the fame word, is 

 fliort ; as piier, egregise. 



O Melibxe, DSus nobis ha;c otin fecit. Virg. 



2. The fame happens, though an h intervene ; as nihil, 

 ahenus, dehifco. 



De nViito n'lhil^ in nthihrni nil pofle reverti. Perf. 



Nate. — tl is generally confidered only as a note of afpiration or 

 breathing: though fome ancient granmiarians confidered H as a 

 confonant, and ranked it with ^he femi-vowels. See Terentiauus 

 Maurus, de fyll. Jli. 



I. Except 



