QUANTITY. 



46. Words ending in ' attcus, ■ atilit, ' etudo, " alio, ' utio, 

 lengthen the antepenultimate ; as aquaticus, aquatilis, valc- 

 tudo, feftinatio, locutio. 



So pluviatilis, plicatilis, defuetudo, cremfitio, bal- 

 butio, and many others. 



I. Calcav^re pedis, nee folvit oj«n^cMs Auftcr. Ovid, 



X. l.abitur orculct, fallitque volatilis setas. Oviil. 



3. Graiia, fama, valitudo eontinpat abunde. Hor. 



4. Seelefta: Iw fuiit ades, impia i-li haliildlia. Pl.iut. 



5. Balbiilil fcauruin, pravis f\iltum niali- talis. Hor. 



Except feme ending in maticuj, from neuters in 

 ma-atis; as aromaticus, from aroma-Stis ; rheumaticus, 

 from fiZfj.a.-tx.roi ; grammiiticus, from ■y^d/Jij.a.-a.m ; and 

 hepaticus, from hepar-atis. 

 Grammiilimi, ambirc tribus, et pulpita digiior. Hor. 



47. Abilis lengthens the antepenultimate ; fo does ibUis, 

 when from long preterites in ivi ; otlierwife it (hortens it, as 

 amabilis ; expetibilis, from expeto, ivi, Ttum ; terribilis, from 

 terreo, ixi, itum. 



Accipiam, cunflifquc meum lielubile fj£lum. Ovid. 



Tcrritili fqualore Cliaron ; eui plurinia memo — Virg. 



48. ' Abulum, ' aculum, - ecula, lengthen the antepenul- 

 timate ; •• iculum, '^ icula, (horten it ; as pabulum, guberna- 

 culum, apecula, ridiculus, auricula. 



1. i*a/'«^a parva legens,ni(lifque loquacibus efcas. Virg. 



a. Onittia tranbformat fefe in miraatfa rerum. Virg, 



3. Aut ulfum, aut pui;il<-s ; his nam jy/t'/rcw/fl gaudet. Hor. 



4. Quam ex hucfontlcido t,iutiindeni i\nnere. Eh fit. Hor. 



5. Humanum genus eft avidum nimis aiiricularum, Lucret. 



Except ' perTcuIum, and ^fome long by derivation ; 

 as hsediculus, from hxdile ; redimlculum, from redimio, 

 jvi, &c.; loricula, from lorica ; poillculum, from poiti- 

 cus ; nutricula, from nutrix-icis. 



I. Sed tibi vexala? per m\\\\ti pfricula vitie. 



u. Et tunics matiicas et h.ibent redinunda initr^e. 



Prop. 



Virg. 



49. Words ending in ' actum, " elia, ^far'tam, lengthen 

 the antepenultimate ; as mendacium, pittacium, contumelia, 

 (nultifariam. 



I. Impercepta pia 7nf nrf(7ao fraude latebant. 

 %. Quod quum MiqiilnafreTt omni ciiUumelta. 

 3. Ut dilpartirem cbfonmm hie HJar'tam. 



Ovid. 



Phaidr 



Plaut. 



50. Numerals ending in ' ni, lengthen the penultimate ; 

 in ^ ginti, ^ ginta, * gies, and ^ efimus, the antepenultimate; 

 as bini, seni, viceni, duceni, viginti, oftoginta, nonagies, 

 oologies, vigefimus, multefimus. 



So quini, fepteni, oftoni, noveni, undeni, duodeni, 

 tredeni, &c. ; quadraginta, quinquaginta, &c. ; qua- 

 dragies, quinquagies, &c. ; trigefimus, quadragefimus, 

 &c. 



I. Bii deHa,« halo texamus robore naves. V*''g* 



%, ^^'iH/i tauros magnorum liorrentia centum. Virg. 



3. 7Vi»/7z/a mai;nos voivendismeniibusorbes, Virg. 



4. Phttbus n'i?trti;?('5 illucefcei poliim utrumque. Hipwinac. 



5. Bis jam pene tibi conful /r?^'r^»!H.s' inftai. Alart. 



51. Words ending in ^ ales, ^ itis, ' elis, 'ota, and ^ eta, 

 lengthen the penultimate ; as vates, vitis, caryotis, diota, 

 meta. 



So crates, penates, raitis, chalcitis, pleuritis, am- 

 pelitis, arthritis, capritis, mephitis, caryota, ceftrota, 

 beta, creta, cofmeta, cometa, poeta, seta, &c. 



1. Cslicol^, clarique luos pofufre;)e»o/rs. Ovid. 



2. Contuderii t;/i('5, i ieamve momorderit .eftas. Hor. 



3. Et notas rnryiitidas iheatris — Mart. 



4. O 1 haliaiche meruni diijtd — Hor. 



5. Quorfum abeant fani ? cre/ij an carbone notardi .' — Hor. 



Except ' potis, • sitis, ' nota, ^ rota, * drapeta. 



1. Quis pJ/is eft, nifi vis animar, qua membra gubemat. Lucret. 



2. Dcpofitura sllim vicini fonti» in uridS. Ovid. 



3. A quo repull'us irKiein fuftiiuiit ii;;(«m. Phxdr. 



4. Hie neque turn rolisr'7<aeenii, lumine largo. Lucret. 

 •S. Conftanijtonfeniiitfermoncs inter fefe rfra;)?(<». Phut. 



52. Laltly ; the following final fyllables lengthen the pre- 

 ceding vowel, 'nar, ' cal, 'gal, ' nal, and ■■ tal ; as lacu- 

 nar, pulvinar, cervical, vedigal, Bacchanal, minutal, and 

 fome others. 



1. Mea renidet in demo ?afi<jiar. Hor. 



2. Tinge caput nardi folio, cervical olebit. Mart. 



3. Jurgaiur verbis : ego wfli^'oWa magna. Hot.' 



4. Bacchmal te exercuifTe, quom qui (is, alium rogites ? Plaut. 



5. Heftcrnum folitus medio fervare mmwfa/. Juven. 



53. Alfo, whatever terminations are naturally derivable 

 from any of the preceding final fyllables, lengthen or (horten, 

 according to their primitive termination, their penultimate, 

 or antepenidtimate fyllable ; as mafculines ending in 5rius, 

 may form femihines in aria, and neuters in arium ; fo orius, 

 oria, orium ; etus, eta, elum. Sec. as aerarius, belonging to 

 copper or brafs ; seraria, a copper mine ; aerarium, a trea- 

 fury ; hence rosarium, pomarium, mufcarium, meritorium, 

 quercetum, rosetum, palmetum, &c. 



Niile. — I. An<l it fliould be recollefled, that fince compounds and de- 

 rivatives follow the quaBtity of their primitives, the compounds and 

 derivatives of luch words as form ex< eptions to any of thefe rules, 

 will follow the general rule for the quantity of derivative words. 



2. And it may be here neceflary, finally, to remind the young profo- 

 diah of the fime rule, fince the quantity of mmiy vowels is explicable 

 folely by this law, and requires no other direction ; as aedilitius from 

 ^dilis ; alienigena from alienus ; contrSdico from contra ; aliquatenus 

 from aliqui, ice. Hence adjeitives ending in aj-ocis form deriva- 

 tives in acii, acitas ; as capax-acis, capScitas, audax-Scis, audacia : 

 in the fame manner genitives increafing ibort, (borten the corre- 

 fponding vowel of the derivative ; as cartilai^o-ginis, cartilagineus, 

 cartilaginofus. Thus preterites and fupines having their penulti- 

 mate long, lengthen accordingly the derivative vowel ; as dormlto 

 from dormio-ivi-itum ; conditio, condititius from condio-ivi-itum ; 

 fo conditio, conditus, condltor from condo-didi-ditum ; hence ar- 

 rifio, arfifor, auditio, definitio, are from arrideo-rili-rifum, &c. 

 Thus words ending in alii may form derivatives in alia, (iliUis, allter, 

 atitius, tUiculus; hence cerealia, atquSlitas, artificialiter, canaljtius, 

 canaliculus, arife from the primitive termination Slis : and thus 

 sours in iitij have their derivatives in atiuncula ; as sdificatio, 3tdi- 

 ficatiuncula, Uc. 



54. I ' before or * after r, is long ; as ira, fcrinium. 



1. /ra furos brevis eft. Animum rege, qui nifi paret — Hor. 



2. Mixtaque rJt/i^nii colocafiafundet acatitho. • Virg. 



1. Except ' hirudo, "hirundo, 'rifgo, •'rigeo, * tri- 

 bus, ' vireo. 



2. Alfo, ri followed by ' c is fliort ; as frico, Afri- 

 cus, fabrlco, lubrico, curriculum ; yet " lumbricus, 'ru- 

 brica, '"tricse, and its derivative " extrico, and "ri- 

 ca, follow the general rule. > 



3. And ri followed by a vowel, is fhort by the rule 

 "a vowel before another," &c. as penuria. 



1. Qualis volo, vetulos duo ; jam ego me convortam in 



kirudinem — 



2. Pervolat, et pennis ahaatria luflrat Inrundo. 



3. Omnia qua maria, ac terras, fparguntque, riganlque. 



4. Sanguine el igne micant oculi, r'lget horrida cervi-c. 



5. Et ditant Latias tertiadona trUus. 



6. Quo feges in campo, quo v'lret uva jugo. 



7. Ajricus in glaciem frigore ucitit aquas. 



8. Foras, foras, ltunl'nct',c[\\\ fub terra ere])lifti modCt. 



9. Non fecCis ac fi oculo ridricuTn dirigat uno. 



10, Litibus, neque /rids: quam ob rem ego argentum 1 



numerem foras .' J 



11, Mercedem aut nnmmos unde unde extrhat, amaras — Hor. 



12, Supparum, aut fubminiam, Hcam, balilicum, aut ex- 1 pi^^ 



oticum, J 



? Plaut. 



Virg. 



Lucret, 



Ovid, 



Mart. 



Prop. 



Prop, 



Plaut, 



Perf. 



• Plaut. 



55. Y 



