Q U A 



remifTions to warrant the ufe of the bark, whilft, at tlic 

 fame time, incrcafiiijj; debility began to threaten the hfe of 

 the patient, the doftor found that quafTia, or fnake-root, 

 fingly or combined, upheld the vital powers, and promoted a 

 critical intermillion of fever, by which an opportunity was 

 offered for the bark to effeft a cure. Dr. Cullen fays, 

 (Mat. Med. vol. ii. p. 174.) " I believe qualfia to be an ex- 

 cellent bitter, and that it will do all that any pure and fimple 

 bitter can do ; but our experience of it in this country docs 

 not lead us to think it will do more ; and the extraordinary 

 commendations given of it are to be afcribed to the par- 

 tiality fo often (hewn to new medicines." It is faid to have 

 been given, combined with nitric acid, with evident benefit 

 in typhus, and alfo in flnor albus. It may be given in in- 

 fiifion, whicli is the belt form of adminiilering it ; or in pills 

 made from the watery extraft. It may alfo be given in fub- 

 ftance in doles of from grs. x to 3j tliree or four times a day. 

 The officmal preparations are the "infufum quaflix" of 

 the London Pharmacopeia, and the " tinftura quaffis" of 

 that of Dubhn. The infufion is prepared by macerating 

 for two hours in a lightly covered vedel a fcruple of quaflia- 

 wood, chipped, in half a pint of boiling water, and draining. 

 In hyl'ieria, this may be combined with purgatives and 

 tin&ure of valerian ; in atonic gout, with aromatics ; and 

 in dyfpeptic affeftions, with chalybeates, fulphate of zinc, or 

 mineral acids. The dofe is from f 5J to f ^iij, given twice or 

 thrice a day. The tintiure is prepared by digeiling for 

 feven days an ounce of chips of quaffia-wood in two pints 

 of proof fpirit ; and then ftraining. This may be ufed in 

 the fame cafes as the infufion. 



It is afl'erted that the brewers have, of late jtrars, ufed 

 quaflia-wood inftead of hops. Beer made with it certainly 

 doec not keep, fays Thomfon, but foon becomes muddy and 

 flat, has a mawkifii tafte, and runs into the acetous fer- 

 mentation. It is confequently lefs nutritious and wholefome 

 than that which is properly hopped. Wood. Mat. Med. 

 Thomfon's Lond. Difp. 



Quassia Simnrubn. See Simauuba. 

 QUATCHEOU, in Geography, a town of Afia, in the 

 country of Hami ; 30 miles E. of Tche-tcheou. N. lat. 

 40° 28'. E. long. 94° 27'. 



QUATER-COUSINS, Quatue-Cousins, fourth cou- 

 fins, or the lait degree of kindred. 



Hence, when perfons are at variance, it is faid they are 

 not quater, or cater-coufins. 



QUATERNA Folia, among Botamjls. See Leaf. 

 QUATO, in Zoology. See SiMlA Panifcus. 

 OUATO'RZIEME, Fr., the 14th, or double odave 

 of the 7th. It is called the 14th, beeaufe 14 founds muft 

 be formed to pafs diatonically from one of its terms to the 

 other. 



QUATOTOMOMI, in Ornithology, the name of an 

 American bird of the wood pecker kind, having a red craft 

 on its head, and two white lines running down the fides of 

 the neck to the breaft. Jt is called by Nieremberg Picus 

 imbrifstus ; which fee. ■> 



QUATOZTT.I. See Tanagra Leucocephal: 

 QUATRE/ Facardins, Les, in Geography, four fmall 

 iflands in the South Pacific ocean, fo named by M. Bou- 

 gainville, in the year 1766. S. lat. 18° 40'. W. long. 



'40° 30'- 



QUATREFOIL, a decoration refembling a rofe with 

 four leaves, which conftantly occurs in pointed architec- 

 ture. 



qUATRE-NATIONS, 9. d. Four Nations, the de- 

 nomination of a college founded in 1661, by cardinal Ma- 

 zarin, for the education and maintenance of fixty children, 



Vw.. XXIX. 



QUA 



natives of the four countries conquered by Lewis XIV., 

 •viz. fifteen for Pigncrol and Italy, fifteen for Alfatia, 

 twenty for Flanders, and ten for RoulFillon. 



QUATRICHROMA, in the Italian Mufic, is what 

 we call a demi-femi-quaver, thirty-two of which make a bar 

 in common time. See Time, and Triple. 



QUATRO CASE, in Geography, a town of Italy, in 

 the department of the Mincio ; 1 7 miles S.E. of Mantua. 



QUATROL, a fmall ifiand in the gulf of Siam, near 

 the coaft of Camboja. N. lat. 10° 13'. E. long. 103° 25'. 



QUATROS, CoRONADOS, Los, an ifland in the Pacific 

 ocean, difcovered by Quires in 1606. S. lat. 18" 40. 



QUATTRINO, in Commerce, a copper coin at Flo- 

 rence ; alfo a money of account, 60 quattrini being equal 

 to 12 crazie, i| paoli, or 2 lira. At Rome, the kudo is 

 divided into 3;^ telloni, 500 quattrini, or 1 000 mezzi quat- 

 trini ; fo that 5 quattrini make I paolo, and 3 paoli i tef- 

 tone. See ScuDO. 



QUATUOR, Lat., a name given to any mufical com- 

 pofition, vocal or inftrumental, in four parts, and in dia- 

 logue, or a parte equak, when each have folo parts alter- 

 nately. The Italians foraetimes call a quatuor quartello, but 

 more frequently quartto, and the Englith quartet. 



A vocal quartet, fays RoulTeau, is more difficult for the 

 poet to write, as well as for the compofer to fet, than a trio 

 or chorus, 



In the vocal quartet of a mufical drama, four diftindl 

 charafters fhould be fupported both in the words and mufic, 

 according to the fituation and Itate of mind of the feveral 

 perfonages who have petitions or complaints to make, or 

 anfwers to give. 



The inttrumental quartets of Haydn have been the de- 

 light of all that have performed, or heard them performed, 

 for full 30 years, and bid fair to continue to afford delight 

 for at leaft 30 years more. 



Quatuor Principalia Jlrlis Mufuie, the title of a MS. 

 in the Bodleian library at Oxford (Digby 90.), which ha8 

 been afcribed to feveral authors. Anthony Wood gives it 

 to Tewkefbury, to whom it is likewife afcribed in the 

 Oxford Catalogue of MSS., with very little foundation. 

 Bifhop Tanner has honoured Dr. John Hambois with this 

 produdlion, a writer on mufic, who flourifhed more than a 

 century after this MS. was finilhed, as appears from the tef- 

 timony of the fcribe himfelf. 



There is, however, at Oxford, among the, MSS. another 

 volume of Mufical Tradts (Bodl. 515.), which had not 

 been fufficiently examined by any of the catalographers who 

 have mentioned it : for, on a careful perufal and collation, 

 we found in it, befides two other trafts by Simon Tunftede, 

 or Tuftede, a duplicate of the Quatuor Principalia ; and as 

 no doubt has been thrown upon Tunftede having been the 

 author of the two firll tracts in the volume, it feems as if 

 we might venture, without doubt or hefitation, to aflign to 

 him this ample, and, for the time when it was written, ex- 

 cellent treatife. That Simon Tunftede was a man of 

 fcience, and an able mufician, as well as a doftor of divinity, 

 appears at the end of MS. Digby 90. After faying that 

 the book was finilhed in 1351, we have the following paf- 

 fage : " Ille autem anno regens erat inter minores Qxonia: 

 fratres, Simon de Tunftede, dodor facras theologia:, qui in 

 mufica pollebat, et eciam in feptem liberalibus artibus." 

 Pits, Bale, Tanner, and all our biographical writers, fpeak 

 of him as a learned mufician ; and Pits enumerates the 

 Quatuor Principaha among his writings. (De illuft. Angl, 

 Script.) Simon Tunftede, a Francifcan friar, born at Nor- 

 wich, was in fuch favour for his learning ivd piety, as tft 

 H h t>', 



