QUE 



QUEMI, in Botany, a name ufcd by fome authors for 

 the nigella, or gith. 



QUEMIGNY, in Geography, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Cote d'Or ; nine miles S.W. of Dijon. 



QUENDAL Bay, a bay at tlie S. extremity of the 

 ifland of Shetland. N. lat. 59° 49'. W. long, x" 40'. 



QUENDON IVater-Barroiv, in Rural Economy, a con- 

 trivance of the bariow kind, much employed in the neigh- 

 bourhood of the little village of Ouendon, in Edex, and 

 from which it takes itj name, for the purpofe of conveying 

 water, wa(h, and other liquid matters, to live (lock of dif- 

 ferent kinds, as fattening cattle, hogs, horfes, and other 

 animals, as well as for fome other ufes. It is a fimple and 

 excellent invention for all fuch intentions, as very great faci- 

 lity is given to its motion by means of the wheels, and it is, 

 on the whole, very compaft in its general formation, which 

 gives it a fupcriority over many other contrivances of a 

 bmilar nature, as being capable of being put m motion, 

 when full, without any great difficulty. Or the application 

 of any extraordinary power or force. 



It is reprefented at Jigs. 6 and 7, in Plate yfgricullure, 

 fliewing the method:; of clearing quarries, pits, &c. 

 from water. Fig. 6. explains the plan, in which ab, ab, 

 are the wheels, that fallen on to the fide-beams cd, c d, 

 which are about four feet in length, and have their ends c, c, 

 formed in fuch a manner as to ferve for handles. E is an 

 oval tub about thirty inches in depth, twenty-four in length, 

 and eighteen in breadth, which is fupported on the beams 

 by two gudgeons, which play in femicircular boxes fixed 

 near the ends of the beams : a crofs piece connefts the two 

 beams at ff, as does another at gg, to which two little- 

 curved pieces come, parallel to the form of the tub. The 

 wheels are about four feet in height, and cari-y the tub fuf- 

 pended between them ; for the gudgeons play almoll over 

 the two (hort axles, which fquare into the beams. Two 

 flight legs are fixed underneath the barrow at ; /', to keep 

 it in an upright pofition, but they are not at all eflential, for 

 the tub would remain in a ilate of equipoife between the 

 wheels even without fuch aid. It mud be noticed, that the 

 tub is funk rather more than one-half below the gudgeons. 

 Fig. 7. difplays the profile of the vehicle; the dotted line 

 ihews the fize and place of the tub, which is made oval, for 

 the purpofe of confining the breadth between the wheels, 

 fo as to pafs in at narrow door-ways, &c. 



It is probable that it might be fomewhat improved by 

 having the axles hooked within, fo as to bear upon two 

 loops in one of the iron hoops, and by this means render the 

 ufe of gudgeons and boxes wholly unneceffary. The tub 

 would lift off and on, as eafily as at prefent, while it would 

 hang in a more precife and perfectly centrical manner. And 

 ftill further, it would be a great convenience, if the upper 

 part of the tub were furnilhed with a proper fpout in the 

 front, in order to pour water or other liquid materials 

 through between the pales, &c. for the fupplying of cattle, 

 &c. This would be more eafily accomplilhed, if the tub 

 were allowed to fwing in a free manner, as it might in that 

 cafe be tilted up with great facility, fo as to favour its being 

 done, as fhewn by the dotted line in Jig. 2. About the 

 little town noticed above, it is a great deal employed in 

 carrying water for houfe ufe as well as that of farms. It 

 is defcribed in the Agricultural Magazine. Many other 

 forms of water-barrows are made ufe of in different places. 

 See WATER-^flrrow. 



QUENEG, or QuENENA, in Geography, a dillrift of 

 Africa, in the country of Sugulmeffa, near mount Atlas. 



QUENOY, Le, a town of France, in the department 

 of the North ; five miles N.N.W. of Lille. 



II 



Q U E 



QUENTIN, in Commerce, a fmall weight ufed in 

 Germany ; the ounce contains two lochs, or eight quen- 

 tins. 



Ql'entin, St., in Geography. See St. Quintin. 

 QUEPO, a town of Mexico, in the province of Coita 

 Rica, on the Ellrella ; 70 miles S S.W. of Carthage. 



QUERA, a town of Italy, ill the Trevifan ; 15 mile» 

 W. of Ceneda. 



QUERALOS, a tov.-n of Spain, in Catalonia ; 24 miles 

 E. of Urgel. 



QUERCERA, in Medicine. See Ei'lALOS. 

 QUERCETO, \n Geography, a town of Etrurla ; nine 

 miles S. S.W. of Volterra. 



QUERCUS, in Botany, X.\k Oak, an ancient Latin name, 

 whofe etymology has been confidered as very uncertain, if 

 not quite inexplicable. So it well might feem to thofe who 

 looked no further than the Greek or Latin languages ; for 

 though fome have deduced the word from j^oifo,-, a pig, be- 

 caufe pigs feed on aconis, this explanation has not proved 

 fatisfaftory. De Theis, on the authority of Lepelletier, 

 has found a much better etymology for Quercus, in the Celtic 

 quer, fine, and cue-z,, a tree ; and this appellation is fuppofed to 

 have been appropriated to the oak, not only for the beauty of 

 the tree, but becaufe it bore the facrcd plant, mifeltoe. This 

 tree was alfo called in the Celtic tongue deritv, whence came 

 the word druid, or pried of the oak, and even the Greek 

 l^vi, an oak, vulgarly fuppofed the original of druid. (See 

 Druids.) — Linn. Gen. 495. Schieb. 646. Willd. Sp. 

 PI. v. 4. 423. Mart. Mill. Did. v. 4. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1025. 

 Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 5. 287. Jull'. 410. Tourn. t. 349. 

 Lamarck Illuftr. t. 779. Gaertn. t. 37. (Ilex ; Tourn. 

 t. 350. Subcr ; ejufd.) — Clafs and order, Monoecia Poly- 

 andria. Nat. Ord. Amentace£, Linn. Juff. 



Gen. Ch. Male, in a loofe catkin, Cal. Perianth of one 

 kaf, bell fiiaped, membranous, with about five fmall, fharp, 

 often cloven fegments. Cor. none. Slam. Filaments from 

 four to ten, capillary, (hort ; anthers large, of two round 

 lobes. 



Female, from a bud ufually on the fame tree, Cal. 

 Perianth of one leaf, inferior, coriaceous, hemifpherical, 

 rough, entire, very fmall in the flower, permanent. Cor. 

 none. Pi/?. Germen fuperior, ovate, very fmall ; llyle 

 fimple, divided above into from two to five fegments, 

 langer than the calyx : lligmas fimple, permanent. Peric. 

 none. Seed an oval or roundi(h coriaceous nut, of one valve, 

 fmooth, attached by its fcarred bafe to the bottom of the 

 (hortidi, hardened, permanent, cup-like calyx. 



Eff. Ch. Male, Calyx bell-(haped, membranous, lobed. 

 Corolla none. Stamens from five to ten. 



Female, Calyx bell-fhaped, coriaceous, entire, rough. 

 Corolla none. Style one. Stigmas from two to five. Nut 

 coriaceous, embraced at the bafe by the hardened calyx. 



This genus, fo dillinft in its botanical charafters, andfo 

 valuable for its economical ufes, confills, in the Species Plan- 

 tarum of Linnseus, of no more than thirteen fpecies. The 

 difcoveries of Thunberg, but efpecially thofe of American 

 travellers, aided by the more accurate enquiries of botanilts, 

 have fo greatly enriched the fubjeft, that Willdenow, who 

 has ftudied it well, enumerates feventy-fix kinds of Quercus, 

 and even thefe are not all that we have to defcribe. The 

 importance of many fpecies requires that they (hould all be 

 particularized. Two or three of the Eaft Indian ones, now 

 for the firll time defcribed, offer fome exceptions to the ge- 

 neric charafter of the calyx. 



Seflion l. — Adult leaves undivided and entire 

 I. Q. Phellos. Deciduous Willow-leaved Oak. Linn. 

 Sp. PI. 1412. Willd. n. I. Ait. n. I. Purlhn. i. Sm. 



. in 



