QUERCUS. 



the nature of tlie calyx, and has in other refpeAs altered 

 Desfoiitaincs' fpecific charadlcr for the uorfe. 



^6. Q. rigida. Rigid-leaved Oak. Willd. n. 29. — 

 (liex aculeata cocciglaiidifera, glandc maxima, nunc cylin- 

 dracea, nunc fubrotunda, cupula echinata; Tourn. Cor. 40? 



" Leaves oblong, undivided, with fpinous ferratures, 



fmooth ; glaucous beneath ; heart- fhapcd at the bafe. Foot- 

 ftalk.8 bearded at the fummit. Scales of the calyx of the 

 fruit rigid, fpreading." — Native of the coall of Caramania. 

 IVilldenow. A pretty fpecies, fufficiently diftincl from its 

 allies. Branches pale brown, dotted. Leaves oblong, an 

 inch or rather more in length, rigid, with fpinous ferratures; 

 deep green and fhining above ; glaucous beneath ; cordate 

 at the bafe. Footjlalks very rtiort, fmooth, except at the 

 top, where a line of brownifh hairs, on each fide, runs up 

 the midrib. Calyx of the fruit fefliie, befet with rigid, 

 woody, lanceolate, fpreading fcales. Willd. 



A fpecimen before us, gathered by the late Dr. Brouifo- 

 net at Algiers, anfwers precifely to this defcription, efpe- 

 cially in the curious charafter of the hairy lines, running a 

 little way up the midrib of the leaf ; but the foliage is 

 equally green and fhining on both fides. The calyx re- 

 femblcs that of cocci/era, but its inner fcales are longer, and 

 more fpreading. 



37. Q. rotundifoUa. Round-leaved Spanilh Oak. La- 

 rnarck Difl. v. i. 723. Willd. n. 30. — " Leaves obovate- 

 oblong, abrupt, with fpinous teeth ; heart-(haped at the 

 bafe; fmoothifh above; downy beneath." — Native of Spain. 

 Seen by Lamarck, in a young ftate, in the garden of Monf. 

 Cels, and by WiUdenow dry without fruftification. The 

 Branches are round and downy. Leaves ftalked, an inch or 

 more in length ; glaucous-grey, and not quite fmooth, above ; 

 white and cottony beneath. The acorns are faid to be large 

 and long, eatable like chefnuts. This defcription is not in- 

 applicable, on the whole, to our n. 31, Q. Ballota. 



38. Q. huinilis. Dwarf Portuguefe Oak. Lamarck 

 DiA. V. I. 719. Willd. n.31. Ger. Em. 1340. (Q. 

 pedem vix fuperans ; Bauh. Pin. 420. Robur 7 ; Cluf. 

 Hift. V. I. 19.) — Leaves obovate, with fpinous lerratures ; 

 heart-fhaped at the bafe ; downy beneath. Calyx of the 

 fruit flattened. Nut oblong. — Found by Clufuis in barren 

 fandy ground near Lifbon, very abundantly. The whole 

 plant is rarely more than a foot high when wild ; though 

 Lamarck fays it becomes twice or thrice as tall by culture. 

 The young branches are downy. Leaves an inch, or inch 

 and half long, on Ihort footjlalks; fmooth and fhining 

 above ; downy and hoary benc.^th ; their larger veins ftraight 

 and parallel. The acorns are defcribed as more bitter than 

 our common oak, their form oblong, their cups remarkably 

 (hort and flattened. 



39. Q. lujitanica. Portuguefe Gall Oak. Lamarck 

 Dift. v. I. 719. Willd. n. 32. (Q. valentina ; Cavan. 

 Ic. v. 2. 25. t. 129? Robur 4; Cluf. Hift. v. 1. 18, and 

 R. 5 ; ibid. 19. Galla five Robur majus; Ger. Em. 1 348, 

 and G. minor; ibid. 1349.) — "Leaves elliptical, with deep 

 pointed ferratures; downy beneath. Fruit racemofe. Calyx 

 hemifpherical. Nut oblong." — Native of Portugal, and 

 perhaps Spain. Lamarck fays this fpecies confifts of feveral 

 varieties, all very low Jlirubs, fubjeft to bear galls ; their 

 branches copious and fleider ; their leaves fmall, internifdiate 

 in form between the evergreen and the ordinary oaks of 

 purope. Willdenow defcribes the leaves an inch in length, 

 oblong, obtufe, rigid ; their ferratures fomewhat pointed ; 

 the upper furface pohftied and fmooth ; the under hoary 

 with flender, ibrry, crowded hairs. Footjlalks fliort. Fruit 

 racemofe, or rather, as we fhould imagine, fpiked. He 

 pdtls that the figure of Cavanilles fcarcely anfwers to the 



plant in quellioii ; and indeed that author defcribes his as a 

 lofty tree, taller than (). Ilex, witii deciduous leaves, and 

 large, folitary acorns. We have feen no fpecimen. 



40. Q. infecloria. Oriental Gall Oak. Olivier's Travels, 

 Englilh edition, v. 2. 42. t. 14, i j. Willd. p.. 33. — Lenvej 

 ovate-oblong, very fmooth on both fides, deeply toothed, 

 fomewhat finuated, deciduous. Fruit fefliie. Calyx tefftl- 

 lated. Nut elongated, nearly cylindrical. — This oak, ac- 

 cording to Olivier, is fcattered throughout all Afia minor, 

 from the Bofphorus as far as Syria, and from the coalls of 

 the Archipelago, as far as the frontiers of Perfia. It fel- 

 dom attains the height of fix feet, and the Jlem is crooked, 

 with tlie habit of a Jhruh rather than a tret. The leaves 

 are an inch or inch and half long, deciduous, bright green, 

 fmooth on both fides, but paler beneath ; their ferratures 

 deep and broad, not acutely pointed. Fruit folitary, nearly 

 feflile. Cup (lightly downy, its fcales not very diilinft. 

 Acorn two or three times longer than the cup, fmooth, 

 nearly cylindrical. The galls produced on the young 

 branches of this oak, from the pundlure of a fpecies ot 

 Diplolepis, are preferred to all others for dyeing, and are a 

 great article of the Levant trade. (See Galls.) Olivier 

 obferves that the plant bears a number of differeut galls, 

 befides the above, which are neglefted, as ufelefs. 



41. Q. mucronata. Pointed-toothed Mexican Oak. 

 Willd. n. 34. (Q. caftanea ; Nee in Annal. Scient. Nat. 

 V. 3. 276. Fifch. Mifc. Hifp. v. I. 114. Willd.) — "Leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, with pointed awned ferratures ; poliflied 

 above ; downy beneath; heart -fliaped at the bafe." — Found 

 by Louis Nee, without flowers or fruit, in New Spain, be- 

 tween Ixmiquilpan and Cimapan. The tree is twelve feet 

 high, with a ftraight trunk, covered with a brittle dark- 

 coloured bark. Branches ereft, alternate, fmooth, much 

 fub-divided. Leaves three inches long, and one broad, 

 acute ; abrupt and heart-fliaped at the bafe, their ferratures 

 awned ; the upper furface green and fmooth ; the under 

 clothed with fine yellow down. Footjlalks two lines long. 

 Stipulas none. Nee. 



42. Q. tomentoja. Downy Mexican Oak. Willd. n. 35. 

 (Q. peduncularis ; Nee in Annal. Scient. Nat. v. 3, 270. 

 Fifch. Mifc. Hifp. V. I. 106. Willd.) — "Leaves oblong- 

 ovate, with tooth-like notches ; denfely downy beneath. 

 Fruit racemofe. Nut globofe, nearly covered by the calvx." 

 — Native of New Spain, in the road from Mexico to Aca- 

 pulco, beyond the river Mefcala. A tree, twenty feet high, 

 with an upright trunk, and grey brittle bark. Branches 

 numerous, alternate, clothed with denfe reddifli wool. 

 Leaves five inches long, hardly two wide, cr-wded ; obtufe 

 at the bafe ; pointed at the end ; bordered with tooth-like 

 notches ; green and fmoothifh above ; downy, with promi- 

 nent veins, beneath. Footjlalks downy, very fliort. Fe- 

 malejloivers on an axillary folitary ftalk, three or four inches 

 long. Acorns but little bigger than pepper-corns, each al- 

 moll entirely concealed in its fcaly, downy, reddifh cup. 

 Nee. This fpecies agrees with our thirteenth, iribuloides, 

 in having its acorn concealed by the cup. The fruit is 

 defcribed, by the authors we are obliged to copy, as race- 

 mofe. We have feen no fpecimens, but analogy would 

 induce us to fuppofe it TM.\\er fpiked. 



43. Q. circinata. Round-toothed Mexican Oak. Willd. 

 n. 36. Nee in Annal. Scient. Nat. v. 3. 272. Fifch. 

 Mifc. Hifp. v. I. 109. Willd. — " Leaves ovate, crenate, 

 undulated ; acute at each end ; downy beneath. Nut 

 fcarcely longer than the calyx."— Native of New Spain, 

 between Tixtala and Chilpancingo. A tree twentv pr 

 twenty-five feet high. Trunk ereft. Bark brittle, a(h- 

 coloured. Branches horizontal; the young ones ereft, fur- 



rowed. 



