QUERCU.S. 



rowtd, villous. Leaves alternate, from five to feven inches 

 long, and three broad ; green and fliining above ; more or 

 lefs downy, and flcfh-coloured, or reddirti-brown, beneath ; 

 the margin undulated and crenate, the notches rounded, 

 their edges turned towards the point of the leaf. Fruit 

 fupported by a very fliort common (talk. Calyx licmifphe- 

 rical, the fize of Chick peas, Cicer arielinum ; its Icales 

 acute at the point. Niit but little larger than the calyx. 

 Plukenet's t. 54. f. 3, in fome meafure refcmbles the fpccies 

 before us, but is faid to have a large fruit, and is cited by 

 authors as Q. Prinus. Nee. 



44. Q. fplendens. Silky-le.ived Mexican Oak. Willd. 

 n. 37. Nee in Annal. Scient. Nat. v. 3. ^75. Fifch. Mifc. 

 Hifp. V. I. 113. Willd.) — "Leaves oblong-ovate, bluntly 

 toothed; fiightly downy .above ; denfcly filky beneath." — 

 Native of New Spain, near Taxala. Trunk ereft, much 

 branched, fifteen feet high. Branches partly horizontal, 

 partly eredl, clotlied with red fhining down. Leaves fcat- 

 tered, crowded, three inches long, and an inch and half 

 broad ; green, with a thin downy coat, above ; thickly 

 clothed beneath with fhining pubefccnce, the midrib only 

 being prominent ; their edges bluntly and unequally toothed. 

 Footjlalks very flaort, with an awl-lhaped villous Jlipula at 

 each fide. Flowers and fruit not obferved. Nee. 



45. Q. rugofa. Rugged Mexican Oak. Willd. n. 38. 

 Nee in Annal. Scient. Nat. v. 3. 275. Filch. Mifc. Hifp. 

 T. I. 112. Willd. — "Leaves ovate-oblong, coriaceous, ru- 

 gcfe ; toothed towards the end ; heart -fhapcd at the bafe ; 

 downy and rufty beneath." — Native of the woods of Huif- 

 quiluca and Ocuila, in the way from Mexico to Santo 

 Chriflo de Chalma. A middle-iised tree, having numerous, 

 alternate,, round, grey branches, rough with minute promi- 

 nent points. Leaves three inches in length, hardly two in 

 breadth, thick and coriaceous ; rugged, green and fliining 

 on the upper fide ; brown and downy at the back ; hcart- 

 (haped at the bafe ; the margin toothed from the middle to 

 the extremity. Footjlalks two lines long, thickened at their 

 bafe. Female Jloiuers in fcaly axillary chillers. Nee. 



46. Q. macrophylla. Large-leaved Mexican Oak. Willd. 

 n. 39. Nee in Annal. Scient. Nat. v. 3. 274. Fifch. 

 Miic. Hifp. v. I. III. Willd. — "Leaves obovate, crenate; 

 tapering and heart. Ihaped at the bafe ; downy beneath. 

 Fruit fpiked." — Found by Louis Nee, the difcoverer like- 

 wife of the five preceding fpecies, in the diltrifts of Chil- 

 pancingo and La Curva, and on the mountains of Quirapu, 

 in New Spain. This is a tree, thirty feet high, with a ftout 

 upright trunk, and denfe head. The principal branches are 

 horizontal; the reft upright, furrowed when young. Leaves 

 a foot long, and feven or eight inches broad ; roundad at 

 the end ; gradually tapering down to the cmarginate, or 

 lieart-fhaped, bafe, where they meafure only tour lines 

 acrofs ; their upper furface green and fliining ; the under 

 yellowidi, clothed with very minute down ; the margin cre- 

 nate and wavy. Footjlalks very Ihort and tliick. Female 

 fleiuers felTile on a common llalk, and encompalTed with 

 downy bradeas. Nee. , 



47. Q. Prinus. Chefnut-leaved White Oak. Linn. 

 Sp. PI- 1413- Willd. n. 40. Ait. n. 10. Purfli n. 30. 

 (Q. Prinus, var. 1, palullris ; Michaux Querc. n. 5. t. 6. 

 Q. cattancae fohis, procera ai'bor virginiana ; Pluk. Almag. 

 309. Phyt. t. 54. f. 3- Catefb. Carol, v. i. t. 18.) — 

 Leaves on longifh ftalks, obovate, acute ; fomewhat downy 

 beneath ; with nearly equal, dilated, callous-tipped, tooth- 

 like ferratures. Calyx of the fruit contrafted at the bafe. 

 Nut ovate. — Foimd in low fhady moift weods, and on the 

 banks of rivers, from Pennfylvania to Florida, flowering in 

 May. It appears to have been known in England in 1730. 



8 



This is one of the tailed trees produced in the fouthern parts 

 of the United State.-:, and remarkable for the beauty of its 

 form, as well as the large fize of its acorns, which are plon- 

 ti.''ul and fweet, a delicious and beneficial food for hogs and 

 other wild animals. The -wood is excellent, much ufed for 

 making wheel-carriages, and yet fo readily fplit as to ferve 

 for bafl<ct-work and brooms. The leaves are fix inches, or 

 more, in length, and three broad ; filky in the fpring ; 

 fmooth and glaucous in fummer ; fometimes very downy on 

 old trees. Footjlalks an inch long. Stamens iive to ten. 

 Acorns an inch and half long, ovate ; their cups fliallow, 

 covered with numerous clofely-imbricated fcales. Michaux 

 fays the bark is whitifh, peeling off in long Itrips. 



48. Q. Chinquapin. Chinquapin, or Dwarf Chefnut 

 Oak. Purfh n. 34. (Q. prmoides ; Willd. n. 41. Q. 

 Prinus, var. 4, pumila ; Michaux Querc. n. 5. t. 9. f. i. 

 Q. Prinus Chinquapin; Michaux Arb. v. 2. 65. t. 10, good. 

 Purjh.') — Leaveson fhort ftalks, obovate, fmooth; glaucous 

 beneath ; tapering at the bafe ; with nearly equal, dilated, 

 acute, callous-tipped, tooth-like ferratures. Calyx of the 

 fruit hemiipherical. Nut ovate. — Found on dry moun- 

 tainous lands, from Pennfylvania to Carolina, flowering in 

 May, when, according to Mr. Purih, it is highly ornamental. 

 This is a humble Jlirub, not above three or four feet high. 

 The young leaves are whitifh and downy beneath ; the adult 

 ones Imooth and glaucous, fcarcely above one-third the fize 

 of the preceding. Female Jloivers, according to Michaux, 

 fmall, two or three together, on a fhort, folitary, axillary 



Jlalk. Acorns of a middling fize, with a thin, nearly he- 

 mifpherical, cup. 



49. Q. montana. Rock Chefnut Oak> Willd. n. 42. 

 Purlh n. 32. (Q. Prinus; Sm. in Abbot's Inf. v. 2. 163. 

 t. 82. Q. Prinus, var. 2, raonticola; Michaux Querc. n. y. 

 t. 7.) — Leaves on fhortifh ftalks, obovate, acute; downy 

 and white beneath: with nearly equal, dilated, fliort, blunt, 

 callous-tipped tooth-like ferratures. Fruit in pairs, on 

 fhort ftalks. Calyx hemifpherical, with rugged fcales. 

 Nut oblong-ovate. — Found abundantly, in rocky fituations, 

 on the mountains of North America, from New England to 

 Carolina, flowering in May. Michaux fuggefts that this 

 fpecies would be well worth cultivating in Europe. The 

 tree rifes to the height of fixty feet ; the •wood is tough and 

 very ufeful, the bark excellent for tanning. It difters from 

 Q. Prinus, n. 47, with which it has been confounded, in 

 the conftant white downinefs of the under fide of the leaves, 

 which are much fmaller and lefs dilated upward. The acorns 

 moreover are but half the fize of that fpecies, and more ob- 

 long, two together on a very fhort ftalk. 



50. Q. bicolor. Swamp White Oak. Willd. n. 43. 

 Purfh n. 31. (Q. Prinus, var. 5, tomentofa ; Michaux 

 Querc. n. 5. t. 9. f. 2. Q. Prinus difcolor ; Michaux Arb. 

 v. 2. 46. t. 6. Purjlj. \ — Leaves nearly fefTile, obovate ; 

 downy and white beneath ; with very broad, unequal, ob- 

 tufe, callous-tipped, lobe-hke teeth. Fruit in pairs, on 

 long briftle -pointed ftalks. Calyx hemiipherical. Nut ob- 

 long-ovate. — Native of low wet woods, from Pennfylvania 

 to Carolina, flowering in May. PurJh. It grows to a very 

 large tree. The leaves have extremely broad Ihallow teeth, 

 or, as they might be called, lobes, approaching to the figure 

 of our common Engliih Oak leaves ; their under fide white 

 and very downy. The acorns are fweet and eatable, like 

 moll of the Prinus tribe. Wiildenow fays the teeth are 

 occafionally variable in fize, one or two of them being 

 fometimes remarkably elongated ; and that the bafe of the 

 leafh more entire than in the foregoing. 



SI. Q. Cajlanea. Yellow Oak. Willd. n. 44. Purflj 

 n, 33. (Q. Prinus, v. 3, acuminata ; Michaux Querc. n. 5. 



t.8.) 



