Q U E 



that refleft great lionoiu- on the learning of the editor. Its 

 vakio was enhanced, in the judi^mcnt of his countrymen, by 

 his introducing into it an able defence of the lentimcnts of 

 the Gallican church, in oppohtion to the prctcnlions of the 

 church of Rome. This circumilance gave great oilence to 

 the papal government, and the edition was condemned in the 

 following year at Rome. On account of his attachment to 

 father de Samte-Marthe, general of the oratory in France, 

 he was obliged to quit his diocefe, and from other unpleafant 

 circumllances he thought it riglit to withdraw privately from 

 France into foreign countries. He took refuge at Brull'els, 

 where he continued his " Moral Reflections" on the adts of 

 the apoitles, and the epillles. This, witii his former work, 

 he publifhedin 1687. He afterwards revifcd and made ad- 

 ditions to the former work on the Evangelifts, and printed 

 an uniform edition of the whole in 1693 "'' 1^94' '" ''^U'" vols. 

 8vo. In the year 1703 the Jeiuits, always inimical to the 

 rights and liberties of mankind, and who, to the utter dif- 

 grace of the prefent period, have been jull re-ellablirtied in 

 their powers, availed themfelves of their influence with an 

 ignorant and bigotted king of Spain, to obtain an order for 

 the arreft of father Quelnel, who was now tlirufl: into a 

 dungeon belonging to the archiepifcopal palace at Bruilels. 

 From this fituation he was unexpedtedly delivered in lefs 

 than four months by the ingenuity of a Spaniard, who con- 

 trived to open a pallage through the walls of the prifon fuffi- 

 ciently large for his efcape. Having thus obtained his li- 

 berty, he made the bed of his way to Holland, where he 

 publiflied feveral pieces in vindication of himfelf and writings 

 from charges preferred againlt both before the ecclefialHcal 

 court of Mechlin, and the fentence of condemnation pro- 

 nounced by the prchbifliop. In the year 1705 the enemies 

 of Quefnel applied to the pope Clement XI. for the con- 

 demnation of the " Moral Refleftions," to which he ac- 

 ceded, although he had fome years before expreded his de- 

 cided approbation of them, and even wilhed to engage the 

 author to come to refide at Rome. Such, however, was 

 the pontiff's inconfiftency, that he ifTued a decree which 

 condemned the " Moral Refleftions" in general, but with- 

 out fpecifying any particular dodlrines which merited fuch 



a fentence. At length, at the initigations of the Jefuits, the department of the North, and chief place of a canton, 

 eager in the caufe of perfecution, Lewis XIV. joined himfelf in the dillritt of Avefnes. The place contains 2960, and 



QUE 



fieur Germain ; and " Tlie Difciplinc of the Church deduced 

 from the New Teltament," in two vols. 4to. A lift of 

 this author's works may be feen in Moreri. 



QUESNOI, Fkancis du, called the Fleming, an ex- 

 cellent iculptor, was born at Brufllds in 1594. He learned 

 his art under his father, who was a fculptor, and at an early 

 age difplayed fo much ability, that the archduke Albert gave 

 him a penfion and fent him into Italy. After the death of 

 that prince, he was patronized by the conitable Colonna ; 

 and the celebrated Poullin refiding with the conftable at the 

 fame time, the two artilts contracted an intimate friendfliip, 

 and ftudied together. Quefnoi formed' himfelf upon the 

 talle of the ancients, and chiefly excelled in making bas- 

 reliefs and models in a I'mall fi/.e, rcprefenting cupids and 

 children, to whicii he gave lingular grace and delicacy. He 

 employed himfelf feveral years on a marble faint, for the 

 chapel of Loretto, in which he imitated the genuine beauties 

 of tiie antique. Wiien the canopy of St. Peter's was 

 iniiflied, pope Urban VIII. ordered four coloffal ftatues to 

 be placed in the niches. That of St. Andrew was given to 

 Quefnoi, and although one of his competitors ventured to 

 affirm that he would only produce a great child, yet when 

 the figure was completed, it entirely effaced his own per- 

 formance. Notwitiillanding the talents of this artift, which 

 were united to much perfeverance and indullry, he could 

 barely earn a fubfillence, and was in a very low ftate of 

 health and fpints, when, in 1642, Lewis XIII. engaged 

 him as his fculptor, and as the head of an intended fchool 

 for that branch of art, at a very liberal falary. This change 

 of fortune he was unable to bear, and as he was on the point 

 of fetting out, he funk into a melancholy derangement, from 

 which he never recovered. His death, which happened at 

 Leghorn in 1646, has been imputed,' but probably on in- 

 fufficient evidence, to poifon, adminiftered by the hand of 

 a brother with whom he lived on very bad terms. He was 

 mild in his manners, but of a referved difpofition. His re- 

 putation is chiefly founded upon the exquifite foftnefs which 

 he gave to marble, and the peculiar grace and beauty of his 

 infantile groups, finiflied witii perfect anatomical exattnefs. 

 QUESNOY, Le, in Geography, a town of France, in 



againft Quefnel, and applied to the pope for a more dehnite 

 decree ; his holinefs, for fo the moil wicked as well as mofl 

 virtuous of the popes have ever been denominated, in con- 

 fequence of this application, eftabhflied a congregation of 

 cardinals, prelates, and divmes, to enter into a particular 

 ex'amination of the doftrines and maxims which Quefnel had 

 advanced. That his work might not be condemned without 

 any efforts on his part to vindicate it from the accufations 

 of his enemies, our author wrote, on this occailon, two 

 letters to the pope, which were fafely conveyed to Rome, 

 but Clement did not deign to give a reply. State policy 

 had already determined what meafures he fhould adopt, and, 

 after the feflions of the congregation were ended, he iffucd 

 the celebrated ball Unigenitus, in September 1713, which 

 pronounced a fentence of condemnation upon loi propofi- 

 tionsextrafted from the " Moral Refleftions." 



Father Quefnel f])ent the lafl years of his hfe at Amfler- 

 dam, where he formed fome Janfenift churches, and publifhed 

 his apologetic and controverlial pieces againlt the bull Uni- 

 genitus, and its abettors. He died in 17 IQ, in the 86th 

 year of his age. Independently of his " Moral Reflcftions," 

 he was author of feveral other works of high reputation, of 

 which we may mention, a treatife on " Predeltination and 

 Grace," in four vols. i2mo. under the ficlitious name of 



the cantons, to which belong the call and weft divifions, 

 9099 each, on a territory of 235 kiliometres, in 29 com- 

 munes. N. lat. 50^ 15'. E. long. 3° 43'. 



QvEssoY-fur-Deule, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the North, and chief place of a canton, in the 

 diilrict of Lille. The place contains 4002, and the canton 

 15,047 inhabitants, on a territory of 82-^ kiliometres, in 

 nine communes. 



QUEST, or Inql'e^t, an inquifition, or inquiry, made 

 upou oath of an impannelled jury. See Inquest, and 

 Jt RY, 



The word is formed from tlie French gtie/f, fearch ; of 

 the Latin quejitum, a thing fought. 



Quest, in Hunting, the feeking out of hounds, or the 

 venting and winding of fpaniels. See Hound. 



QUESTEMBERT, in Geography, a town of France, 

 in the department of Morbihan ; five miles W.S.W. of 

 Rochfort. The place contains 3668, and the canton 12,118 

 inhabitants, on a territory of 2575 kiliometres, in nine com- 

 munes. 



QUESTION, Qu.i;sTio, in Logic, isfc. a propofition, 

 whofe truth a perfon being inquilitive about, propofes by 

 way of interrogation to another. 



Logical queltions are varioufly diftributed ; the ordinary 

 M m 2 divifion 



