RAM 



RAM 



which will i'uftain floors loaded with the heavleft vvtighls, 

 and of building the largeft manufaftories in this manner, 

 may allonidi every one who has not become an eye-witnefs 

 of fuch things. It is a method, which in the above diftrift 

 of France is known by the term p'lfc ; but as it is accom- 

 plifhed by the ramming or compreffing earth, or earthy fiib- 

 ftances, in moulds or cafes, the above term has alio been 

 applied to it. See Pise, Building in. 



RAMMEKENS, in Geography, a fea-port town of Hol- 

 land, in the ifle of Walcheren, formerly one of the bell har- 

 bours in Zealand. This town, which was conftrufted as a 

 fortrefs in the year 1547, and called " Zeebourg," was one 

 of the towns pledged to queen Elizabeth by the Hates ge- 

 neral for the fuccours flic lent them againft Spain in the 

 year 1585 ; three miles E. of Flufhing. 



RAMMEL, in Jgri-.ulturi;, a term applied to a fnbftance 

 which forms a part of the fubfoil or fubftrata of particular 

 diftrifts. It is ufually covered with a thin weak earth or 

 mould in fome places. It is penetrable by the roots of 

 fome plants, but notwithftanding that, is very unfriendly to from Cavan 



he lung in Arfinoe, and Pyrrhus and Demetrius, when thefe 

 operas were performed at the Qxxqi^w'h theatre in the Hay- 

 market. He appears no more as a public finger after this 

 period, but his name occurs as a compofer in 3 collection of 

 fongs called the " Merry Mufician," 1716; and as the editor 

 of " the fong tunes in the opera of Camilla, contrived and 

 fitted to the harpfichord or fpiiict ;" in the title of which 

 it is faid, " that the kllons being placed on five lines ren. 

 der them proper for a violin and a bafe." Almoft all organ 

 and harpfichord mufic was till tiiis time written and printed 

 on fix lines. 



RAMOO, in Geography, a town of Aracan ; 60 miles 

 N.N.W. of Aracan. 



RAMOR, Louciii, a lake of Ireland, in the fouthern 

 part of the county of Cavan, which contains feveral iflands, 

 on which are beheld tiie ruins of fome ancient callles. Thefe 

 were formerly adorned with wood, but are now bleak and 

 defolate. The river Blackwater, which iiiues from it, joins 

 the Boyne at Ravan. Lough Ramor is about 13 miles S. 



the vegetation of plants in general. It is frequently met 

 with in Chefhire and fome other counties. See Soil. 



The term fignifies a compofition of various kinds of clay, 

 white fand, and gravel, which is intimately intermixed with 

 a fmall portion of oxyd of iron. It is for the molt part 

 found under a weak brown or grey earth which is rarely 

 more than four or five inches in depth m the above diflridl, 

 lying in Itrata of from eighteen to thirty inches in thicknefs, 

 upon a white or red fand or clayey 'marie, the latter often 

 partaking of its nature for the depth of fome feet. Ram- 

 mel or rammelly foils are therefore conllantly of a barren and 

 uuproduft ve nature. 



RAMMELBERG, in Geography, a large and lofty 

 mountain in Weftphalia, celebrated for its mines. Thefe 

 mine- works yield lead, copper, filver, fome gold, borax, 

 lapis calaminaris, zinc, fulphur, jet, vitriol, and yellow 



ochre. It lies near Collar Alfo, a town of Weftphalia, 



in the county of Mansfeld ; three miles S.E. of Wippra. 

 RAMMELLY, in Agriculture, a word ufed to fignify 

 fuch crops as are tall or rank, as beans, &c. 



RAMMER, a well-known implement formed of wood 

 in different ways, according to the purpofe for which it is 

 to be ufed. Thefe implements are very neceffiiry in putting 

 pofts into the ground, in inclofing land, in order to clofe 

 the earth firmly about them, as well as for laying down 

 luif or fwiuJ, iiiuiJci tn render it fmooth and even. See 

 Beetle. 



Rammer of a Gun, the gun-Jlick ; a rod or itaff ufed in 

 charging a gun, to drive home the powder to the breech, 

 as alfo the fliot, and the wad, which keeps the fhot from 

 rolling out. 



The rammer of a great gun is a cylinder of wood, whofe 

 diameter and length are each equal to tlie diameter of the 

 Ihot, with a handle fixed to it. See Spunge. 



RAMNA, in Geography, a mountain of Bofnia ; 16 

 miles N. of Orach. 



RAMNAGUR, a town of Hindooftan, in Bahar ; 42 

 miles N.E. of Durbungah. — Alfo, a town of Bengal ; 10 

 miles N.E. of Kilheragur. — Alfo, a town of Hindooftan, 

 in Oude ; 27 miles N.E. of Lucknow. 



RAMONCHAMP, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Vofgcs, and chief place of a canton, m the 

 diftrift of Rcmiremont. The place contains 2385, and the 

 canton 11,325 inhabitants, on a territory of 245 kiliome- 

 tres, in 6 communes. 



RAMONDON, Lewis, in Biography, an Englilh finger, 

 who firft appeared on the Itage of Drury-lane in 1 706. But 



01 



RAMOS, or Lamos, a river of Africa, which runs into 

 the Atlantic, 60 miles N.N.W. of cape Formofa. N. lat. 



Ramos, Dos, an ifland in the river of the Amazons, 

 about 70 miles long, and from 10 to 20 broad; 6o miles 

 above Pauxis. 



RAMOSE Leaf, in Botany. See Leaf. 



RAMOTH, -in Scripture Geography, a famous city of 

 Paleftine, in the mountains of Gilead, and hence called Ra- 

 moth-Gilead. This city belonged to the tribe of Gad. It 

 was afligned to the Levites, and was one of the cities of 

 refuge beyond Jordan. According to Enfebins, it was 15 

 miles E. from Philadelphia ; but St. .Tcrom. places it in the 

 vicinity of Jabok, and ccnfequently N. of Philadelphia. 



RAMOUCH, in Geography, a river of Thibet, which 

 runs into tlie Dev\ a, N. hit. 30" 2o'. 



RAMOURY, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 

 Hindia ; 20 miles E. of Hiirdah. 



RAMPAH, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 

 Rajair.undry ; 40 miles N. of Rajamundry. 



RAMPANT, in Heraldry, is applied to a lion, bear, 

 leopard, or olhcr bealt, in pofture of climbing, or ftanding 

 upright upon his liind-legs, and rearing up his fore-feet ; 

 fhewing only half of his face, as one eye, and one ear. 



The term is French ; and fignifie?, literally, creeping. 



It is different irom faliant, which denotes a pofture lefs 

 erefl, or fomewhat ftooping forwards, as if making a fally. 



This pofture is to be fpecificd, in blazoning, in all ani- 

 mals, except in the lion and gryphon ; it being their natural 

 fiti ation. 



RAMPARA, in Geography, a town of Hindooftan, in 

 Concan ; 20 miles N. of Gheriah. 



RAMPART, or Rampier, in Fortificati-.n, a mafly 

 bank, or elevation of earth about the body of a place, to 

 cover it from the direft fire of the enemy, and of fufficient 

 thicknefs to refill the efforts of tlie cannon for many days ; 

 and formed into baftions, curtains, &c. 



The word is formed from the Spanifii amparo, defence, or 

 cove/'ing. 



Upon the rampart the foldiers continually keep guard, 

 and pieces of artillery are planted there for the defence of 

 the place. Hence, to (helter the guard from the enemy's 

 fhot, the outfide of the rampart is built higher than the in- 

 fide, /'. e. a parapet is raifed upon it with a platform. 

 Hence, alfo, earth not being capable to be railed perpen- 

 dicularly, like ftone, the rampart is built with a talus or 

 flope, both on the inner and outer fide. 



The 



