RANUNCULUS. 



reflexed. — Native of North America. Defcrihcd by Poi- 

 ret from Lamarck's herbarium, and adopted by Purlh. 

 Root perennial, fibrous, fafciculatcd. Stems nearly fmiple, 

 hollow, eight or ten inches higli,almoll leaflefs; downy in their 

 lower part. Leaves (talked, thin, fmootii, compofed of 

 three itaJked leaflets, the central one having three deep fpread- 

 ing lobes, the others often but two ; all (harp, cut and 

 toothed. There is ufually but onejlem-letif, which is nearly 

 feflile, ternate, with narrower fegments. Fontjlalks long, 

 (lender, moil hairy towards their bafe. Flo'wer-Jlalks two, 

 terminal, unequal, very (lender, (mooth, each bearing, about 

 half way up, one fraall hncar leaf. Calyx reflexed, coloured, 

 fmooth, except a few terminal hairs, deciduous. Petals 

 pale yellow, rounded. Fruit fmall, globular. Seeds nearly 

 orbicular, lenticular, with (liarp (traight beaks. Poiret. 



6g. K. hifpidiis. Hifpid American Crowfoot. Michaux 

 Boreal-Amer. v. i. 321. Lamarck Dift. n. 27. Pur(h 

 n. 21. — Very hairy, ereft. Leaves ternate, (harply lobed. 

 Stems few-flowered ; leaflefs below. Calyx clofe-prefTcd. 

 Seeds obovate, with awl-fliaped, iuflexed beaks. - Found in 

 wet fields, and on the banks of ditches, from Virginia to 

 Carolina, flowering from June to A uguft. /? 00/ perennial. 

 Floiuers fmall, pale yellow. Purfi. A fpecimen fent by 

 Gronovius to Linnscus, as akin to his lanuginojhs, but dif- 

 tinft, anfwers very well to the charadters ot Michaux, and 

 we have taken from that fpecimen the above account of the 



feeds. Thujioiuer is nearly as big as acris. Whole herbage; 



efpecially the footjlalhs, veryiiairy. 



70. R. p'lnnatus. Pinnated Lidian Crowfoot. Poiret in 

 Lam. Diet. n. 66. — " Downy. Leaves pinnated ; leaflets 

 lobed and cut. Braiiches fpreading. Seeds tuberculated." — 

 Gathered in India by Sonnerat. i'/frnxwith lax, fpreading, 

 downy, iiriated, leafy Iranches. Leaves alternate, (talked, 

 downy, of five or fcven oppofite leaflets, divided into irre- 

 gular, (harp, cut, almoft lanceolate, lobes. Floivers nu- 

 merous, on long, downy, fingle-flowered (talks. Caly.-: co- 

 loured, not reflexed. Petals yellowilh, of a middling fize. 

 Seeds orbicular, convex, moderately tuberculated on each 

 fide, and tipped with a fmall, thick, ftraightiih beak. 

 Poiret. 



71. R. multijidus. Many-cleft Arabian Crewfoot. — 

 Forflc. jEg^ptArab. 102. Lamarck Diet. n.67. — "Leaves 

 many-cleft; tlie lovver ones pinnated. Stem many-flowered. 

 Calyx the length of the corolla. Seeds ovate, acute. — 

 Gathered by Forikall, in ditches near the town of Taes. 

 He defcribes the Jlem two feet high, ereft ; round in the 

 lower part ; (Iriated above ; hairy. Fruit o\a\. We have 

 no other authority, than the authors quoted, for this fpecies 

 or the lafl:. 



72. R. pedatijidus. Radiatmg-leaved Crowfoot Leaves 



deeply pedatifid, with linear, obtufe, divided or three -cleft, 

 radijtnig, entire ferments. Stem one or two-flowered. 

 Seeds ovate, hairy, with fmall recurved beaks. — Native of 

 Siberia. Four fpecimens from that country are in the Lin- 

 ns n herbarium, but the fpecies, though very dillinft, ap- 

 pears never to have been defcribed. Root perennial, of 

 many long, cylindrical, flelhy fibres, and crowned with nu- 

 merous capillary remains of old footltalks. Stem a fpan 

 high, ereft, round, (triated, leafy, fimple or divided, 

 clothed witii long, (oft, lax hairs. Radical leaves on long 

 hairy (l,ilks, deeply cut, in a pedate manner, into five, 

 feveii, or more, narrow, linear, obtufe, elegantly radiating 

 fegments, fome of which .ire deeply three-cleft, and their 

 lobes again cloven, others merely divided, and others undi- 

 vided ; all entire at the edires, and fomewhat hairy on both 

 fides, with long, lax, white hairs. The Jlem-leaves are 

 moftly feffile, lefs divided ; the uppermoll in three, rarely 



more, deep, linear, fimple fegments, Flotvtrs apparently 

 yellow, the fize of R. acris. Calyx woolly at the bafe ; its 

 fegments partly dilated and coloured, all fhortcr than the 

 petals, and clofcly prcflcd to their under fide. Fruit ovate. 

 Seeds not very numerous, ovate, tumid, hairy, with (hort, 

 awl-lhaped, reflexed beaks. 



73. R. chicrophyllos. Chervil Crowfoot. Linn. Sp. PI. 

 780. Willd. n. 48. Lamarck Dift. n. 32. ( R. tenui- 

 folius luteus, grumofa radice, foraftenfis feu italicus ; Bar- 

 rel. Ic. t. 581 ? bad.) — Leaves thrice compound, with 

 linear fegments. Stem filky, with few flowers. Calyx re- 

 flexed, hairy. Root with tapering fleihy fibres Native of 



the fouth of Europe. The only certain fpecimen of this 

 plant, that has ever come under our obfervation, cxilts in 

 the Linnrean iierbarium. The root confiits of numerous, 

 long, flelhy, gradually tapering, downy fibres. Stem ereft, 

 about a fpan high, fleiuier, filky, (lightly leafy, branched, 

 bearing three or four flowers. Radical leaves fcveral, 

 (talked, repeatedly ternate, with numerous linear, or fome- 

 what lanceolate, entire fegments^ hairy beneath. Fooljlalis 

 an inch and half long, hairy ; dilated, membranous, and ribbed 

 at the bale. Stem-leaves few, much lefs compound, and 

 often nearly felTile. Flowers folitary, on long, terminal, 

 fimple, hairy, quadrangular (talks. Calyx (troiigly re- 

 flexed, coloured ; externally hairy. Petals yellow. Fruit 

 not fufiiciently advanced to be defcribed. At the back of this 

 fpecimen Linnseus has written Ranunculus lyhicus, pulfatiUtt 

 folio, T. Cor. ; but there is no fuch pafl'age in Touriiefort's 

 Corolla, nor any thing to which it can refer, except R. Icf- 

 bius, pulfatillit folio, fore parvo, a fpecies unknown to us. 

 A very different plant from the true R. charophyllos, was 

 given by the abbe Pourret to the younger Linnjeus, under 

 that name. It feems rather to \>e Jlabellalus, n. 32, a fpecies 

 allied, in many points, to what we are defcribing. 



74. R. millefoliatus. Milfoil Crowfoot. Vahl. Symb. 

 V. 2. 63. t. 37. Desfont. Atlant. v. I. 441. t. 116. 

 Willd. n. 49. Lamarck Dift. n. 33. Sm. Fl. Grxc. 

 Sibth. t. 521, unpubliflied. (R. montanus leptophyllon, 

 afphodeli radice; Column. Ecphr. 312. t. 311.) — Leaves 

 thrice compound, with elliptic-linear fegments. Stem filky, 

 with few flowers. Calyx ereft, fomewhat hairy. Root 

 with ovate knobs. — Native of Italy, Greece, Syria, and 

 Barbary. The root, in Dr. Sibthorp's fpecimens, confifts 

 of many oval flefliy knobs, fcarcely half an inch long, inter- 

 mixed with fibres. Columna defcribes and delineates the 

 fibres as terminating the knobs ; a verj' material difference. 

 The Jlems, in the Greek and Italian fpecimens, are fimple 

 and fingle-flowered ; in the more luxuriant ones from Aleppo 

 and Tunis, fomewhat branched, bearing two or three flowers. 

 The Jlem-leaves are more numerous, as well as more com- 

 pound, than in the la(t. Floivers large. Calyx clofely 

 preffed to the corolla ; fometimes nearly fmooth. Fruit ob- 

 long. Seeds with fmall recurved beaks. We can fcarcely 

 doubt, notwithltanding the above-mentioned dive-fity re- 

 fpefting the root, that the fynonym of Columna belongs to 

 the preient, rather than the foregoing, fpecies. 



75. R. ox\fpermus. Sharp-leeded Crowfoot. Willd. 

 n. 51. Lamarck Dift. n. 37. — " Radical leaves oblong, 

 obtufe, deeply and u:'.equally toothed ; ftem-leaves feflfile, 

 fingered, cut. Seeds awned." — Native of Siberia, near the 

 river Tereck. Root apparently annual. Radical leaves 

 (talked, ovate, obtufe, with unequal deep teeth ; ii.-.iry, like 

 their fnotjlalks, on both fides. Stem ered, branched, hairy, 

 a foot or more in height. Stem-leaves digitate ; the feg- 

 ments of the lower ones unequally pinnatifid ; of the upper 

 linear and entire. Calyx reflexed. Corolla yellow, the fize 

 of R. bulbofus. Fruit elliptical. Seeds rather comprcfled, 



acute. 



