R E A 



II E A 



weftward is another, tlie property of tlie Blagrave family. 

 The park is very exteuiive, and is noted for line venifoii. 

 Soiith-L'iiit, about the fame diihmce, is White-Knights, the 

 feat of the marquis of Blandford. Sunning, celebrated in 

 hiltory as having been for fome time the feat o' the fee of 

 Wiltfliire, and fubiequently the fclte of one of the palaces 

 of the bilhops of Salilbury, is a village three miles to the 

 eaftu ard, on tlie road to Maidenhead. Leland mentions the 

 bilhop's palace as Handing in his time. It was given by 

 bifliop Gliealt, along with the manor, to queen Ehzabetii, in 

 exchange for eibitcs in Dorfetfhire. The antiquity of this 

 place is Itrongly marked by the fepulcliral monuments in the 

 church. Clofe to .Sunning is an elegant manilon, the feat of 

 Charles Fyih Palmer, efq. Lyfons's Magna Britannia, 

 4to. Berklhire. Beauties of England and Wales, vol. i. 

 by .lohn Britton and E. W. Brayley, 1801. The Hillory 

 and Antiquities of Reading, by John Mann, i).to. 1 8 14. 

 From the latter work, the chief and moll ellential parts of 

 this account have been obtained : and tlujfe who wilh to poliefs 

 the moll copious and authentic hillory of Reading will pro- 

 cure this volume. 



READrNC, a townlhip of America, in Fairfield county, 

 Connedlicut, S. of Danbury adjoining. It contains 1717 

 itihabitants. — Alfo, a large townlhip of Middlefex county, 

 in the ft ate of Mall'achufetts, incorporated in 1644, and 

 containing 2228 inhabitants, many of whom are employed 

 in the manufaflure of fhoes, from 2 to 300,000 pair being 

 annually exported ; 12 miles N. of Bollon. — Alfo, a town- 

 fiiip of Vermont, in Windfor county, W. of Windfor, ad- 

 joining. It contains 1565 inhabitants. — Alfo, a beautiful 

 poll-town, and the capital of Berks county, Pennfylvania, 

 fituated on the N.E. fide of Schuylkill river; 54 miles 

 N.W. of Philadelphia. This town is regularly laid out, 

 and flourilhes : its inhabitants are chiefly German : the 

 borough and townlhip contain 3462. The public build- 

 ings are, a ftone gaol, a court-houfe, an elegant church for 

 German Lutherans, erefted in 1793, '' ehurch for Calvinifts, 

 one for Roman Catholics, a meeting-houfe for Friends, and a 

 large edifice for the public offices. In the neighbourhood are 

 10 fulling mills, and iever.al iron-works : and at the diitance 

 of 10 miles, on the road to Harrilburgh, is a fpring, about 

 15 feet deep and 30 feet wide, from which ilTues a copious 

 ftream, containing fome fine trout. In 1795 the fum of 

 12,000/. was voted by the county for building a ftone arched 

 bridge over the Schuylkill, at this town, on the high road to 

 Harrilburgh. N. lat. 40° 21'. W. long. 75° 55'. — Alfo, 

 a townfliip of Adams' county, in Pennfylvania, containing 

 732 inhabitants. 



Reading. See Lectio. 



Rkadinc of a Deed. See Deed. 



READINGS, in Cr'Uicifm. Various readings, varie 

 ■ieiliones, are the different manners of reading the text of 

 authors in ancient manufcripts ; where a diverfity has 

 arilen from the corruption of time, or the ignorance of 

 copyills. 



A great part of the bufinefs of the critics lies in fettling 

 the readings, by confronting the various readings of the fe- 

 ver.al manufcripts, and conlidering the agreement of the 

 words and lenle. The various readings in the bible, (fee 

 Hebretu BiBLES,) and in the claffic authors, are almoft innu- 

 merable. 



Readings are alfo ufed for a fort of commentary orglofs 

 on a law, text, paflage, or the like ; to (hew the fenfe an 

 author takes it in, and the application he conceives to be 

 made of it. 



READINGTON, or Riddexto>j, in Geography, a 

 town of New Jerfey, in Hunterdon county; 17 miles 



N.W. by W. of New Brunfwick. It contains 1797 in- 

 habitants. 



READ'S Bav, a road for Ihips on the W. coaii of 

 the illand of Barbadoes, between Holetovvn and Speight's- 

 town ; half a mile broad. Ships may anchor here in fafety, 

 in fix to twelve fathoms water, the ground being foft ooze, 

 defended from all winds, except the well, which blows right 

 into tlie bay. N. lat. 13° 7'. W. long. 59^ ^f. 



READSBOROUGH,or REED.snoitoLGii, apoft-town 

 of America, in Bennington county and (late of Vermont ; 

 435 miles from Wafhington. It contains 410 inhabitants. 



RE-AFFORESTED, is where a foreft, having been 

 difafforellcd, is again made a forell. As the forell of Dean 

 was, by an aft of parliament in the 20th of king Charles II. 

 See FouEsT. 



RE-AGGRAVATION, in the Romifii Ecckjiajlkal 

 Law, the lalt monitory, publiflied after three admonitions, 

 and before the lall excommunication. 



Before they proceed to fulminate the laft excommunica- 

 tion, they publifli an aggravation, and a re-aggravation. 

 Fevret obferves, that in France the minifter is not allowed 

 to come to re-aggravation, without the permiflion of the 

 biftiop or official, as well .as that of the lay judge. See 

 Excommunication. 



REAH, in Geography, a town of Syria, in the pachalic 

 of Aleppo, fituated in a country that abounds with olives, 

 of which confiderable quantities are prepared, and fent to 

 Perfia and other parts. This is the refidence of an Aga ; 

 36 miles S.S.yV. of Aleppo. 



REAL, Reale, is applied to a being that aftuallyexifts; 

 in which fenfe it coincides with actual. 



Real, in Laiu, is oppofed to perfonal. 



Real ASion, that by which the plaintiff lays title to land, 

 &c. See Action. 



Culloms are faid to be real ; that is, they determine all 

 inheritances within their extent ; and none may difpofe of 

 them, but according to the conditions allowed by the cuf- 

 toms where they are fituated. 



Real altitude, ajfets, charaSer, chattels, covenant, dijlinc- 

 tion, dijirefs, ejlate, horizon, optic place, patronage, privilege^ 

 qualities, root, Jervices, fiiit, and 'writs. See the feveral 

 lubllantives. 



Real, in Commerce, a Spanifli money of account, of 

 which there are four different forts. The real vellon is 

 that which is moft general ; it confifts of 8^ quartos, 

 17 ochavos, or 34 Maravedis vellon. Madrid, and the whole 

 of Caftile, with moft of the adjacent provinces, and (fo 

 Bilboa, Malaga, and Gallicia, keep accounts in reals and 

 Maravedis vellon. The real of new plate (real de plata 

 nuevo, or provincial) is double the real vellon : it is worth 

 17 quartos, or 34 ochavos: and it is alfo reckoned at 34 

 Maravedis of new plate. This real is reprefented by an 

 effective coin of bafe iilver, but books are not kept in any 

 part of Spain in this money. 



The real of old plate (real de plata antigua), moftly 

 called the real of plate, is chiefly ufed in foreign com- 

 merce and exchanges : it is worth 16 quartos, or 32 ocha- 

 vos : and it is alio reckoned at 34 Maravedis of old plate. 

 Cadiz and Seville keep accounts in reals and Maravedis of 

 old plate. 



The real of Mexican plate (real de plata Mexicano) is 

 ufed in tranfacfions with Spamfli America, where accounts 

 are moftly kept in hard dollars, reals, and quarters, and 

 fometimes in fixteenths : 8 Mexican reals make i hard 

 dollar (pelo duro) : this coin is worth 10 reals of new 

 plate, 10 J reals of old plate, or 20 reals vellon. Thus, 

 I real of new plate = 2 reals vellon : and 4 reals Mexi- 

 can 



