RED 



put on board the Ihips which arrived from tlic Arabian girlf. 

 iVt Berenice they were landed, and carried hy camels 25S 

 miles to the banks ot tlie Nile. There tiiey were again em- 

 l)arkcd, and conveyed down tiie river to Alexandria, whence 

 they were diipalched to difl'erciit markets. But, after the 

 paflage to India by the Cape of Good Hope was difcovcrcd 

 by Vafco de Gama, at tlie clofe of the iifleeiith centin-y, 

 its various commodities were purchafed at llrll hand in the 

 countries of whicli tliey were the growth or manufacture ; 

 and as the carriage of mercantile goods by water is much 

 lefs expenfive than by any other mode of conveyance, the 

 Portuguefe, as foon as they could import the productions 

 ot India in fufficient quantities to fupply the demands of 

 Europe, were able to afford tliem at fuch a reduced price, 

 that the competition of the Genoefe and the Venetians, vvlio 

 bad been aftively engaged in this commerce, ceafed almoll 

 entirely ; and the full llream of commerce took its natural di- 

 rection towards the cheapell market. The confequence was, 

 that early in the lixteenth century, the fubjeCts of the Por- 

 tuguefe monarchs became poflefted of a monopoly of the 

 trade with India, founded upon the only equitable title, that 

 of furnifhing its produClions in greater abundance, and at a 

 more moderate price. From tlie era of the difeoverv now 

 mentioned, the Arabian gulf or Red fea loll its importance 

 as a cliannel of communication between the weilern and 

 eaftern parts of the globe ; and from this time both its naviga- 

 tion, and the commerce connected with it, have been partial 

 and reitrifted. An account ot its principal ports will be 

 found under their refpedtive articles. 



REDA, a town of Turkith Armenia, in the government 

 of Erzerum ; 36 miles N. of Ifpira. 



REDANS, or Redant See Redens. 



REDARIDES, in Geography, a town of France, in 

 the department of the Mouths of the Rhone; 16 miles 

 S.S.E. of Orangi. 



RED-BOOK uf the Exchequer [liber rubeus fcaccarii) is 

 an ancient record, in which are regillered the names of thofe 

 that held lands per barumam in king Henry IPs. time. It is 

 a manufcript volume of feveral mifcellaneous treatifes, in the 

 keeping of the king's remembrancer, in his office in the ex- 

 chequer ; and hath fome things (as the number of the hides 

 of land in many of our counties, &c.) relating to the times 

 before the Conqueil. There is likewife an exact coUeftion 

 of the efcuages under king Henry I., Richard II., and king 

 John ; and the ceremonies ufed at the coronation of queen 

 Eleanor, wife to king Henry III. &c. 



REDD AT. Precipe quod Reddat. See Precipe. 



REDDENDIS Chahtis. See Chautis. 



REDDENDUM, in Law, a claufe in a leafe, &c. by 

 which a rent is referved to the lelTor ; whicli anciently con- 

 filled of corn, flelh, fllh, and other viftuals. 2 Rep. 71. 



REDDIDIT Se, is where a man procures bail for him- 

 felf to an aftion in any court at law ; if the party bailed at 

 any time before the return of the [econd fci re fiicias againil 

 the bail, renders himfelf in difcliarge of h.is bail, they are 

 thereby difcharged. 2 Lill. Abr. 430. See Bail. 



REDDITARIUM, an ancient law term for a tarricr, 

 roll, or rental, in which the rents and fervices of a manor 

 are fet down. 



REDDITION, Redditio, a furrendcring or reftoring. 

 In Laiv, it alfo denotes a judicial acknowledgment that a 

 thing in queftion belongs to the demandant, and not to the 

 perfons fo furrendering. 



REDDITUS Assisus, a fet or ftanding rent. See 

 Assisus. 



REDDLE, Red Ochre, or Red Chalk, in Mineralogy, 

 the red oxyd of iron intermixed with earthy matter. It is 



Vol. XXIX. 



RED 



uled for crayon"-., either in its natural ftate, or pounded and 

 wadied, and afterwards mixed with gum, and calt into 

 moulds. Tile colour of reddle varies from a blood-red to 

 a brown-red ; its fiMdlure is earthy ; it is foft, friable, and 

 Itaiiis the liugens. See Ores o/ IiioN. 



This is liie common Englifh name for the (ubtlance called 

 in Latin riihvica, and ufed in painting, and for marking 

 (heep, &c. There are two kinds of it, a harder and a 

 ibfler. 



The firll, or harder kind, is but little in ufe, except 

 among the turners in wood, hs it does not mark io eafily, 

 requiring to be lirll wetted, and then pre'ied hard upon the 

 fubllance to be marked. Th.is is dug in Lincolnfhire, Hamp- 

 tliire, and Suflex ; and is a hard and dry earth, of a fome- 

 what pale red, like the common pale red bricks, and is of a 

 very regular and dole texture, and always compofed of a 

 number of thin laminse, lying clolely and evenly on one an- 

 other. It is of a rough uneven furface, adheres firmly to 

 the tongue, is not eafily broken between the fingers, and 

 (tains the hands a little ; it is of a very attringent talle, and 

 melts pretty readily in the mouth. It is very readily dif- 

 fulible in water, mouldering to powder, foon after being 

 thrown into it ; and makes no effervelcence with acids. 



Tlie fecond, or foiter kind, is very common, and put to 

 a number of different ufes. It makes limply a very good 

 pale red tor the painters, and i."! very lerviceable to them in 

 their mixed colours. It is in conllant ufe in many parts of 

 the kingdom for the marking of ffieep ; and when wafhed 

 and leparated from its fandy particles, is, by fome of our 

 modern druggifts, fold under the name of bole armenic. 



It is found in many parts of the world : the bed; in Eng- 

 land is that from feveral parts ot Derbylhire, from whence 

 the colour-ffiops and druggilts of London are fupplied ; 

 many of the latter thinking this a Ihorter method than the 

 common or.e of our bole armenic makers, of preparing it 

 from a mixture of tobacco-pipe clay, and the red ochre 

 called Spaniffi brown. 



This foft, or common reddle, is a loofe ponderous earth, 

 of a lax texture, and very friable ; and of a pale, but tole- 

 rably bright red, of a fomewhat Imootli and glolTy furface, 

 foft to the touch, adhering firmly to the tongue, eafily 

 broken between the fingers, and itaining the hands. It is 

 of a rough aullere taile, very readily break'-, and falls to 

 powder in water, and makes no effervefcence with aqua 

 fortis. Hill. 



Some call reddle, lapis hematites ; but tlie real haematites 

 is another thing. 



REDEEMABLES, in Laiu, are lands, funds, &c. fold 

 with a refervation of tlie equity of redemption. 



Crown lands are redeemable for ever ; others only for a 

 certain time. 



RE-DELIVERY, an yielding or dehvery back oi a 

 thing : if a perlon has committed a robbery, and llolen the 

 goods of another, he cannot afterwards purge the offence by 

 any re -delivery. Co. Litt. 69. H. P. C. 72. 



RE-DEMISE. See Demuse. 



REDEMPTION, Reuemptio, ^ faculty or right of 

 re-entering upon lands, &c. that nave been fold, and 

 alTigned ; upon reimburling the purchafe-money, with leo-al 

 colls. 



Bargains in which the faculty, or, as fome call it, the 

 equity of redemption, is referved, are only a kind of pignora- 

 tive contracts. 



A certain time is limited, within which the faculty of 

 redemption Ihall be exarcifed ; and beyond which it thai! 

 not extend. 



Redemption, in Theology, denotes the recovery of man- 

 4 B kind 



