R E G 



meteors arc formed, &c. extending from the extremity of 

 the loweft to tlie tops of the higheft mountains. 



The upper region commences from the tops of the moun- 

 tains, and reaches to the utmoft limits of the atmofphere. 

 In this reigns a perpetual, equable calmnefs, clearnefs, and 

 fcrenity. 



Rkgion, FAemenlary. Sec Elemf.ntary. . 

 Region, Etberuil, is ufed for the whole extent of the uni- 

 verfe, including the orb of the fixed ftars, &c. 



RECiioNB of the Sea. As feme naturalifts, in their de- 

 fcriptions of the fubterraneous parts of the globe, diftinguifh 

 the earth into tlirec regions of diflcrent depths, in which 

 different temperatures are obferved ; fo in defcribing the lea, 

 they allow it two regions ; the one extending from the furface 

 of tlie water, down io low as the rays of tiie fun can pierce, 

 and extend their influence ; and the other, from the loweft 

 bounds of that to the bottom. It is eafy to fee that thefe 

 regions rather regard quality than fpace, ard that tlieir 

 boundaries are far from being regular, or equal in all places, 

 and at all times. The places expofed to the hottetl hmftiine 

 will have the largelt upper region ; thofe where the fun has 

 Icaft power will have the fmalleft ; and the fame part of the 

 fea will have its upper region more or lefs deep, according to 

 the feafon of the yew. This upper region of the fea is al- 

 ways more or lefs hot ; the lower region, except in fome 

 few particular places, is every where cold ; and the water, 

 where the upper region is large, is always remarkably Hill 

 and quiet in the lower. Boyle of Cofmical Ouahties. 



Region, Subterranean. The earth is not only divided on 

 its furface into regions and countries, but philofophers, who 

 have had occafion to difcourfe of its inner parts, have alfo 

 divided them into three dilhnft regions, according to their 

 different depths from the furface. The temperature of the 

 fubterranean parts of the globe is diftinguifhed according to 

 the divifion of thefe regions, but is not fo regular and pre- 

 cife as fonie have fuppofed. The firfl region of the earth is 

 very variable, both as to bounds and temperature. The fe- 

 cond region feems for the mod part cold, in comparifon of 

 the other two ; but in feveral places, which, by reafon of 

 their diftance from the furface of the earth, it would be na- 

 tural to call the middle region, the temperature of the air is 

 very different at the fame feafons of the year, which fhews that 

 it depends on fomething more than bare depth from the fur- 

 face. The third region of the earth is univerfally obferved 

 to be warm, but by no means regularly or uniformly : the 

 fame depth in fome places, giving only a moderate warmth, 

 while in others it gives a very confiderable heat. 



Borrichius tells us of a certain abbe, fond of chemiftry, 

 and particularly curious in the matter of long digeftions by 

 regular heat, who found a way of making a furnace perpe- 

 tually warm, by piercing the earth to a certain depth, and 

 ufing the heat of this third region of it. His method, we are 

 told, was to bore a hole with a pike twenty feet deep, and 

 pour into it ten or twelve pounds of quickfilver ; this made 

 its way into the ftrata, and through them in a body into the 

 chambers of heat in this third region, where the heat, having 

 a vent upwards, made by this opening, never failed to afcend 

 in a perpetual and regular ftream, and gave that regular and 

 digelling heat that no artificial fire could equal. But this is 

 an alchemical llory. Boyle of Cofmical Qualities. Borrich. 

 de Ortu Chem. 



Region, in ancient Rome, a part or divifion of the city. 

 Romulus divided his little city into three tribes, and Servius 

 Tullius added a fourth ; which divifion continued till Au- 

 guilus's time, who firfl divided the city into fourteen re- 

 gions, over each of which he fettled two furveyors, called 

 curatorcs viarum, who were made annually, and took their 



R K (; 



divifions by lot. Thefe fourteen regions contained 424 

 Itreets, 3 1 of which were called great or royal ftreets, which 

 begun at the gilt pillar that ilood at the entry into the open 

 place in the middle of the city. ' 



The extent of tl;efe divifions varied greatly, fome being 

 from 12,000 or 13,000 to 33,000 feet and upwards in cir- 

 cumference. Authors, however, are not agreed as to the 

 exaft limits of each. 



According to Kennet, who formed his divifion on the 

 authority of the accurate Panvinius, the different regfions 

 were as follow : The ^r/i region, called " Porta Capena," 

 contained 9 ftreets, 3 luci, or confecratcd groves, 4 temples, 

 6 sedes, or facrcd buildings, 6 pubhc baths, 4 arches, 14 

 granaries, 12 mills for grinding corn, and 121 domi, or 

 great houfes. The whole compafs of this region, or ward, 

 was 13,223 feet. The fecontJ region, denominated " Coeh- 

 montium," included 12 (Ireets, 2 luci, 5 temples, the public 

 baths of the city, 80 private baths, the great (humbles, «3 

 granaries, 23 mills, and 133 great houfes. Its compafc was 

 13,200 feet. The t/jird region, or Ifis and Serapis, con- 

 tained 8 ftreets, 2 temples, the amphitheatre of VefpaCan, 

 the baths of Titus, Trajan, and Philip, 19, or, as Came 

 fay, 29 granaries, 23 mills, 160 great houfes. Its compafs 

 was 12,450 feet. The fourth region. Via Sacra, or Tem- 

 plum Pacis, comprehended 8 ftreets, 10 temples, the co- 

 loflus of the fun, 1 20 feet high, the arches of Titus, Severus, 

 and Conftantine, 75 private baths, 18 granaries, 24 mills, 

 and 138 great houfes. Its compafs, according to fome, 

 was only 8000, but, according to others, 14,000 feet. 

 The fifth region, or Efquilina, included 15 ftreets, 8 luci, 

 6 temples, 5 sedes, 75 public baths, 18 granaries, 22 mills, 

 and 1 80 great houfes. Its compafs was 15,950 feet. The 

 fixth region, Afta Semita, contained 12 or 13 ftreets, 15 

 temples, 2 porticos, 2 circi, 2 fora, 75 private baths, 19 

 granaries, 23 mills, 155 great houfes. Its compafs was 

 15,600 feet. The f event h region. Via lata, included 40 

 ftreets, 4 temples, 75 private baths, 3 arches, 17 mills, 

 25 granaries, and 120 great houfes. Its compafs was 

 23,700 feet. The eighth region, Forum Romanum, in- 

 cluded 12 ftreets, 21 temples, 66 private baths, 10 aedes, 

 9 porticos, 4 arches, 7 fora, 4 curise, 7 bafiUcje, 6 co- 

 lumns, 18 granaries, 30 mills, and 150 great houfes. Its 

 compafs was 14,876 feet. The ninth region, Circus Fla- 

 mininus, comprehended 20 ftreets, 8 temples, 20 sedes, 12 

 porticos, 2 circi, 4 theatres, 3 baClicae, 2 curiae, 5 baths, 

 2 arches, 2 columns, 32 mills, 32 granaries, and 189 great 

 houfes. Its compafs was 30,560 feet. The tenth region, 

 Palatium, contained 7 ftreets, 10 temples, 9 zdes, i theatre, 

 4 curias, 15 private baths, 12 mills, 16 granaries, and IC9 

 great houfes. Its compafs was 11,600 leet. The eleventh 

 region. Circus Maximus, included 8 streets, 22 xdes, 15 

 private baths, 16 granaries, 12 mills, and 189 great houfes. 

 Its compafs was 11,600 feet. The twelfth region, Pifcina 

 Pubhca, contained 12 ilreets, 2 aedes, 68 private baths, 28 

 granaries, 25 mills, and 128 great houfes. Its compafs was 

 1 2,000 feet. The thirteenth region, or Aventinus, included 

 17 ftreets, 6 luci, 6 temples, 74 private baths, 36 granaries, 

 30 mills, and 155 great houfes. Its compafs was 16,300 

 feet. The fourteenth region, Tranftiberina, contained 23 

 ftreets, 6 xdes, 136 private baths, 20 granaries, 32 

 mills, and 150 great houfes. Its compafs was 33,409 

 feet. 



REGIONARY, Regionarius, in Ecckfqjikal Hiflory, 

 a title given, from the fifth century,- to perfons who had the 

 charge and adminiftration of the church affairs within a cer- 

 tain diftriift or region. 



At Rome there were anciently feven regionary deacons, 



who 



