R E M 



R E M 



if lie liad recovered the land by writ of entry. Without the 

 remitter, l>c would huve had jus, el fiifmam, ieparale ; a 

 good right, hut a bad pofleflion : now, by the remitter, he 

 hath the mail perfeft of all titles, jur/V H fiifina: canjundtioiifm. 

 Blackll. Com. h. iii. 



REMLINGEN, in Geography, a town of Germany, m 

 the county of Wertheim ; 9 miles E. of Werthcim. 



REMNEY, or Rempney, a river of Wales, which rifcs 

 iu Brecknocklhire, and, after fcparating the counties of 

 Monmouth and Glamorgan, falls into the mouth of the Se- 

 vern, a little below Cardiff. 



REMOLADE, in the Manege. See CllAUGE. 



REMOLLAN, in Geography, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Higher Alps, on the Durance ; 15 miles 

 S.W. of Embrun. 



REMON, a townlhip of Upper Canada, on the St. Lau- 

 rence ; N. lat. 44^' 50'. 



REMONSTRANCE, an expollulation, or humble fup- 

 plication, addreffed to the king, or other fuperior, to beieech 

 him to refleft on the inconveniencies, or ill confequences of 

 fome order, edift, or the like. 



RE.\toNSTRAN(ii is alfo ufed for an expoftulatory counfel 

 or advice ; or a gentle and handfome reproof, made either 

 in general or particular, to apprife or correft lome fault. 



REMONSTRANTS, Remonstkantes, a title given 

 to the Arminians, by reafon of the remonjlrance they made, 

 in 1610, to the flates of Holland, againlt the fynod of Dort, 

 in which they were condemned. 



Epifcopius and Grotius were at the head of the Remon- 

 llrants. And as the patrons of Calviniim prefcnted an addrefs 

 in oppofitiou to their remonftrance, which they called their 

 counter-remonllrance, they received, in confequenCe of this, 

 tlie name of '< Counter-remonllrants." 



REMONTER, Fr. in Mufic, to new-ftring an inftru- 

 ment. 



REMONTOIR, or ReMONTOIHE, in Horology, is a fpe- 

 cies of cfcapement, in which a fecondary Ipring frequently 

 wound up, or a fmall fecondary weight frequently raifed, by 

 means of the maintaining povrer of a watch or clock, is fub- 

 ilituted for the maintaining power itfelf, for the purpofe of 

 urging the balance or pendulum, at fhort intervals, by more 

 equable impulfcs than can be conftantly effefted by the main- 

 t.iining power alone, as varied by diflerent degrees of fric- 

 tion in the train. When treating of E.scapemexts in ge- 

 neral, under their appropriate head, we defcribed three only 

 out of the four dalles, and referved the fourth clafs, de- 

 nominated Remonto'ir, till we arrived at our prefent article. 



The firil remontoir was invented and made by a German 

 artill in 1 600, according to Berthoud ; but Huygens, who ap- 

 plied one to his marine clock, defcribed it iirft in his " Horo- 

 logium Ofcillatorium," page 17, and, in conjuntlion with his 

 cycloidal cheeks, it promiled to be a great improvement in 

 his machine ; but, as no compenfation had at that tjme been 

 applied to the pendulum, and, as a pendulum is not calcu- 

 lated for a portable machine, particularly on the fea, the 

 utility of the contrivance remained to be proved by fubfe- 

 quent artifts. The contrivance under our confideration was 

 a fmall weight, fufpended by an endlefs well-made metallic 

 chain, that was coiled round the crown-wheel of the efcape- 

 ment, and wound up a Imall fpace, at every vibration of a half- 

 fcconds pendulum, by the next wheel, which wheel took its 

 motion from the maintaining power, through the medium of 

 the train, as is ufual in common clocks ; a ratchet and click, 

 however, were a requiiite appendage, to aft in the way that 

 the endlefs cord was applied, in winding up the maintaining 

 power without (lopping the motion of the works ; fuch as 

 we have already defcribed in the fifth feftion of our article 



Clock-work. One half of the weight of the remontoir ac- 

 tuated the efcapement wheel during its fmall fall, and the 

 other half was iupported by the wheel that as often raifed it 

 again to its original height, while both parts of the folded 

 cnain were llretched ahkeby tiie faid weight. Leibnitz and 

 Dr. Hooke alfo claimed the originality of a fimiiar invention, 

 but do not appear to have put it in praftice, as Sully after- 

 wards did. 



Mr. Harrifon and Mr. Mudge fuccefTively applied remon- 

 toir (prings, inftead of fuipended weights, to the efcape- 

 ments of their time-pieces ; but, as wf have defcribed thefe 

 under our article Chkonometeii with fufficient minutenefs, 

 it is not neceffaryto repeat here what we have there detailed 

 of their conllruftions. 



Mr. Cumming and Mr. Nicholfon, on the contrary, had 

 recourfe again to weights initead of fprings in their allro- 

 nomical clocks ; but as thefe weights did not act during the 

 whole period of the y'bration, we have already defcribed 

 them in another clafs, in the 21ft and 38th feftions of our 

 Escapements. 



After Huygens and Sully, who left 110 plans of their 

 mechauifm behind them for the advantage of futtire work- 

 men, who had not acccfs to the original machines, Gaudron 

 contrived a remontoir, which performed its office very well, 

 but which was applied in a wrong place, fo as not to pro- 

 duce the defired effeft of equalizing the impulfcs given to 

 the regulator ; for, inilead of being applied to either the 

 balance or balance-wheel, it was made to aftuate the wheel 

 preceding the minute-wheel ; and, therefore, permitted the 

 irregular friftion of a confiderable portion of the train to 

 afleft the motions of the balance, which fault was avoided 

 in the conllruCtion of Harrifon's and Mudge's time-keepers : 

 the former of which had its fecondary fpring w^ound up 

 eight times in every minute, and the latter had its two re- 

 montoir-fprings alternately coiled at every correfponding 

 ofcillation. 



Haley's. — In the year 1796, Mr. Charles Haley, of Wig- 

 more-ilreet, Cavendilh-fquare, London, watch-maker, took 

 out a patent for his invention of a new remontoir fpring for 

 a marine time-piece, or chronometer ; the fpecification of 

 which is contained in the 6th volume of the Repertory of 

 Arts and Manufaftures. Figs. I and 2, of Plate XLI. of 

 Horology, e.xhibitj the firlt a perfpeclive fide view, and 

 the fecond a plan of Mr. Haley's remontoir efcapement, as 

 originally drawn ; and we propofe to retain the fame letters 

 of reference as are infertedin the original defcription. The 

 utility of the invention is ftated to confill of its property of 

 communicating an invariable force to the balance, which it 

 does 150 times in the minute, in a train of 9000 beats in the 

 hour. The fame letters of reference apply to both figures, 

 and indicate the correfponding parts, which will mutually 

 illuftrate each other. A B is the potance plate, and T the 

 balance, the pivots of which, P, X, turn in the cock C and 

 potance D ; above the balance T is fixed a pendulum fpring 

 S, in the uiual way ; on the axis of the verge, below the 

 balance, are placed two fmall fteel collets I and K, by fric- 

 tion, having each a ruby pallet projefting a little way 

 beyond their furfaces. I is called the difcharging pallet, and 

 K the impelled one ; which pallets, together with the pen- 

 dulum fpring, all vibrate with the balance, whenever it is 

 put in motion. E is the balance-wheel of the ufual form, 

 moving juft clear of the potance plate, and having its pivots 

 fupported by the cocks F and G. W V is the axis of the 

 remontoir, which the inventor calls the renovating fpring ; 

 and the three axes, or arbors, juft defcribed, ftand in 

 the ftraight line in the dircftion A B. Below the re- 

 montoir fpring the round ileel pallet M is fixed, fo as 

 7 j"it 



