R^NT. 



Produce. 



t. Peafe, three quarters, at 48/. . . . _ 



2. Lammas wheat, three quarters and a half, at jlx. 



3. Peafo, three quarters, at 48X. - - .» . 



4. Lammas wheat, tlirce quarters and a half, at 52^. 



5. Beans and turnips ; five quarters of beans, at 30X.; turnips, 30,;. 



6. Spring wheat, three quarters, at 48^. ... 

 Straw ---.... 



£ s. 

 7 4 



9 

 7 

 9 

 9 

 7 

 5 



Tillacre produce 

 Ditto expences 



54 o o 

 35 o 6 



d. 

 o 

 o 

 o 

 o 

 o 

 o 

 o 



54 o 



6)18 19 6(= 3/. 3x. %d. profit /^r acre for the fanner. 



Grazing Expences. 



Rent and taxes per acre 

 Labour ditto 



£ X. d. 

 I 15 o 



o 10 o 



Grazing Profit. 



A bullock and a half to three acres, at 5/. per head 

 Three flieep upon ditto, at 2^s. per head 



£ /. d. 

 7 10 o 

 3 15 o 



Grazing produce of three acres 

 Ditto expences of ditto 



1150 

 6 15 o 



3)4 10 o(=: i/. 10/. 0(/. profit ^«<'r acre to the grazier. 



Then fay, grazing profit />fr acre ... 



To which add for grafs feeds .... 

 The additional rent to make up the fum zsper contra, will be 



£. J. d. 



I 10 o 



I o Q 



o 13 5 



3 3 3 



By this means the rent that can be afforded to be given 

 may be afcertained with tolerable correftnefs in many in- 

 ftances of farming. See Grass Land. 



The author of the Argylefhire Agricultural Survey, after 

 remarking that there is very little arable land in that county 

 but which is capable of higher cultivation, befides the great 

 quantity of wafte ground that may be improved in almoft 

 every farm, fays, that the land is therefore capable of being 

 made to yield a much higher rent when better cultivated ; 

 though not a great deal of it, as is generally thought, can 

 bear much more, in the prefent ftage of improvement, than 

 what is laid on already, unlefs it be under a different manage- 

 ment, which in (heep lands might be by the introduction of 

 better woolled breeds, and in arable lands by adopting a 

 better fyftem of hufbandry. 



It is conceived, that the idea of high rents being a fpur to 

 improvement and exertion, is a common, and, to a certain 

 extent, a juft maxim. No doubt there may be fome who, 

 if they had the land for nothing, would be ruined by their 

 indolence. But the more common cafe is, that when a 

 tenant fees that all his exertions will not do, he becomes 

 difpirited and defperate, and allows himfelf to be carried 

 along by the ftream which he cannot ftem. The land 



fuffers, the tenant fails, the farm gets a bad name, and the 

 rent muft be iowered. Thus the landlord, as well as the 

 tenant, fuffers, by raifing the rent higher or fafter than the 

 improvement of the land will bear. But he adds, that a 

 fubftantial tenant is generally cautious of engaging to pay 

 a rent that is exorbitant. He fees the fuccefs of thofe who 

 inveft their money in other branches of bufinefs ; and he 

 follows their example, if he has not the profpeft of a farm's 

 yielding him full intereft for his money, and an adequate re- 

 turn for his diligence and labour. Whereas he who has leaft 

 to lofe, is often the mofl forward to offer, and the landlord 

 is often tempted to accept the offer, without confidering that 

 a capital is neceffary for paying the rent, and improving the 

 land. Inftances of ruin to the tenant, and lofs to the land- 

 lord, from too high rents, are not unfrequent, efpecially on 

 fome of the fmaller eflates. Mofl of the fanners toil hard, 

 live poorly ; and for one who has a trifle for his pains, per- 

 haps two give their pains for nothing. Many who have old 

 leafes obtained before the late rife in land, and in its produce, 

 took place, are very well, as are alfo many of thofe who 

 have fheep flocks ; as their poffeflions are managed with lefs 

 expence, and the value of fome of them was not well known 

 till they were tried under the fheep fyilem. But even bad 

 482 bargain* 



