REN 



bargains aic become good by the Ute rife on every article of 

 produce ; and mod of thole who have leafes are at prefent 

 at their eafe. 



It is concluded that the occupiers of land, whether in 

 pafturage or tillage, ougiit certainly to be able, like la- 

 bourers or tradefmen, to live by their occupation, and^to 

 fupport their families by their daily care and labour. The 

 inlerell of money invefted in their ilock, with the proper 

 allowance for tear, wear, and riik, they fhould be able to 

 fave as a provifion for their families, and for old age ; as the 

 money fo invelled v/ould give this return, if laid out on in- 

 terelt, witliout any trouble whatever. It cannot be confi- 

 dered as any part of the produce of the ground i and there- 

 fore no part of it ought, in equity, to enter into the payment 

 of the rent ; and yet not one ui ten, perhaps, is able to 

 fave it ; nor do they commonly advert that fo much ought 

 to be faved in jullice. They are generally fatisfied if they 

 can keep their ftock undiminilhed ; fo tiiat the bullnels, 

 in general, returns much lefs to thofe engaged in it than al- 

 moit any other. A happy predikaion in favour of the 

 occupation in which they were brought up, is, he thinks, 

 what induces fo many to follow it. Perhaps it may be alfo 

 faid, that there is implanted in the human mind, for wife 

 purpofes, a certain innate dilpofition, or iuftinft, which 

 leads it to delight in rural occupations. 



Thefe remarks (hould be well attended to by the pro- 

 prietors of farms, as their advantages, as well as that of their 

 tenants, may be greatly promoted by fuch means. 



In regard to the receiving of rents where they are of dif- 

 ferent kinds, as for cottages, tithes, in the form of compo- 

 fitions, chief rents, quit rents, and fome other forts, befides 

 thofe of the farm kind, they require fome attention and 

 method, fuch as the fixing of diiUnft times in the fame, or 

 different days, for the reception of each, when on a large 

 fcale, fo that the exaft times of attendance for each may 

 be known to thofe who have any thing to fettle. So far as 

 farm rents are concerned, the fixing of proper periods for 

 receiving them is of great importance, though the matter 

 has hitherto been little attended to, there being often no 

 fixed time known to the holders, until fignitied by the pre- 

 cept of the receiver. And that is, in many cafes, liable to 

 alteration." This is very inconvenient to the farmers in many 

 inftances, as they muil either fell their corn and live-ffock 

 to s^reat difadvantage, many times, before it was neceflary, 

 und'have large fums of money lying ufelefsly by them, or 

 meet the receiver, perhaps, with only part of the rent. 

 The propriety and neceflity of having certain exa£l times 

 for receiving rents are therefore evident, and, of courfe, 

 the moft fuitable times for thefe are to be afcertained, as 

 whatever enables the holders of land to turn their produce 

 to the moft advantage, inci eafes the profperity of the farms, 

 and ultimately benefits the proprietor. 



In this country it ii faid, by the author of the work on 

 Landed Property, farm rents moftly become due at Lady- 

 day and Michaelmas. But the proper times of paying 

 them depend on the marketable produce of the land, and 

 the feafon of the year at which it goes, and can be belt lold 

 in the markets. The holders of farms Ihould never be 

 forced to improper regulations in thefe refpetts, or be fuf- 

 fered to withhold the payment of their rents when they have 

 obtained the money for their produce. 



Upon corn farms, which are numerous in moft parts of 

 this country, Michaelmas is the moft improper time in the 

 whole year to call upon tenants for their rents. It is at the 

 clofe or height of harveft, as the fituation may be, when their 

 pockets are drained by extra expenfive labour, and when the 

 £rain cannot be tlurefiied out to replenifti them ; alfo when 



11 E IS! 



much of the oft-going livc-ftock is not ready for the 

 market. 



In the county of Norfolk the above writer paid great 

 attention to this matter, and found that there, the latter 

 end of February, or beginning of the fucceeding month, 

 was the moll proper feafon for Michaelmas farm rents to be 

 paid ; and the month of June for tliofe of Lady»day. And, 

 by correct examinations, thofe moll proper in other places 

 may be found, keeping the above principles conftantly in 

 view. Farmers Ihould never be obliged to do any thing im- 

 proper in the difpofal of their articles at unfuitable feafons 

 or markets, or to raife money in any improper ways ; nor 

 be led into fpcculations with money while it lies idly by 

 tliem. 



The bell feafons having been afcertained, the exadt periods 

 are to be fixed on, from the particular nature of the farms, 

 the cuftoms of the dillridts in rel'peCt to fairs and the dealers 

 in different forts of produce, which may generally be readily 

 managed without much difficulty. 



Rent Accounts, fuch as are kept on eftates, whether of 

 farms, cottages, chief rents, or any other forts of annual 

 payments, by the managers. They Ihould be clear and 

 comprehenfive, containing every thing of importance about 

 them, as their different circumicances may direft. 



Thf management of the farms, in rent accounts, whether 

 yearly or half yearly, muft be the fam.e as in the receiving 

 rentals, as they appear on the general map ; and as they 

 naturally lie on the face of the eftate, according to the ideas 

 of the writer of the work on Landed Property. See Map 

 of EJlates. 



The parilhes, or manors, lying wholly or partially within 

 the eitate, are to be firft geoc^raphically arranged, and then 

 the farms on the fame principle Jc they lie within the relpedtive 

 parilhes. In this way it is conftantly the fame, and has the 

 advantage of not being I'sble to be difturbed by changes 

 of any fort, which affords much facility and convenience 

 in all fuch accounts on many occafioiis. 



Rent Charges, the fixed payments to which an eftate or 

 farm is fubjedt to, fuch as chief rents, quit rents, annuities, 

 endowments, fchoolmafters' falari'^s, charitabledonations, &c. 



Rent Days, the particular days or times when the rents 

 of eftates or farms become due. They fhould, in all cafes, 

 be exactly and properly fixed as to feafon and other circum- 

 rtances. See Rent. 



RENT-i?o//, a general ftatement of the grofs annual in- 

 come of an eftate, or receiverfhip, whether it arifes from 

 farms, woods, lands, quarries, cottages, or any other fimilar 

 things ; or from tithes, quit rents, or any other fort of 

 rents, &c. 



In forming rent-rolls, this fort of general view of income 

 is beft arranged, according to the writer of the work on 

 Landed Property, in columns, as being the moft plain and 

 perfpicuous ; and for a fchedule of farms, the followinj^ 

 heads are proper. Firlt, the numerals identifying the feveral 

 farms in the general map.. Secondly, the names of the 

 farms. Thirdly, tiie contents or admeafurement of each. 

 Fourthly, the names of the prefent holders. Fifthly, the 

 amount of the exilling rents. Sixthly, the amount of the 

 outgoings, if any payable by the proprietor. And, feventhly, 

 the expirations of the terms, if any. The farms IhoiJd be 

 arranged according to their fituations. 



In the receiving of rentals, they are the particulars. 

 Thefe are few where the rents are regularly paid, the farms 

 under proper management, and the holders pay the taxes 

 and repairs. But it may be necellary to fee in the receiver, 

 at one view, the name of the farm, and the name of the ■ 

 holder, as well as the amouat of his half year's rent- 



Aad 



