REN 



And where arrears are fuflfercd, and, of courle, accounts 

 created, more particulars are neceflary, fuch as the name of 

 the farm and the tenant, his arrear at the lall payment, his 

 lialf year's rent, and any otlicr charge that may be againft 

 him, as well as any allowance which is to be made to him, 

 and the neat fum that is receivable — a blank being left for 

 the fura received, and another for the arrear left. Thefe 

 things fliould be done in the manner of the bell accountants, 

 the arrangements being made in the fame way as the rent- 

 roll with an alphabetical index. 



RENTA, in Gc'of;n!phy, a lake of Albania, near Scutari. 

 RENTAL, a roll in wiiich the rents of a manor are 

 written and fet down, and by which the lord's bailiff coUefts 

 the fame ; it dillingniflies the lands and tenements, and tlie 

 names of the tenants, the feveral rents arifing, and for what 

 time, ufually a year. See Re^t-RoH. 



RENTER Wakden, an officer in mofl; of the com- 

 panies of London, whole bufinefs is to receive the rents or 

 profits belonging to the company. 



RENTE REACH, in Geography, a river of Saxony, 

 which runs into the Elbe near Wittenberg. 



RENTERIA, a town of Spain, in Guipufcoa ; three 

 miles S.E. of St. Sebaftian. 



RENTERING, Fine-drawing, in the Mannfaaones, 

 the fevving of two pieces of cloth, edge to edge, without 

 doubling them ; fo as that the feani fcarcely appears at all : 

 hence it is cA\eA jine-dratviiig. 



The word is formed from the French, rentralre, which 

 fignifies the fame thing ; and which Menage, after Salmafius, 

 derives from the Latin, rdrahere, of re, in, and trahere, by 

 reafon the feam is drawn out of fight, and covered. 



Serges, &c. are to be fewed : cloths fine-drawn. Tlie 

 author of one of the Let. Edif. et Cur., fpeaking of the 

 great dexterity of the fine-drawers in the Eaft Indies, 

 alTures us, that if you tear a piece of fine muflin, and give it 

 one of them to mend, it fliall be impoflible for you to dif- 

 cover the place where it is rejoined, even though you had 

 made a mark to know it by. 



The dexterity of our own fine-drawers, though inferior 

 to that above-mentioned, is neverthelefs fuch, as puts them 

 in a condition to defraud the king, by fewing a head or flip 

 of Enghfh cloth on a piece of Dntch, Spanifh, or other 

 foreign cloth ; or a flip of foreign cloth on a piece of 

 Englifli, fo as to pafs the whole, as of a piece ; and by that 

 means avoid the duties, penalties, &c. Ths trick was firft 

 difcovered in France by M. Savary, author of the Diftion. 

 de Commerce. 



To renter, in Tapejlry, is to work new warp into a piece 

 of tapeftry damaged, eaten by the rats, &c. and on this 

 warp to reftore the ancient pattern, or defign. The warp 

 is to be of woollen, not linen. Among the titles of the 

 French tapeftry -makers, is included that of renterers. 



Fine-drawing is particularly ufed for a rent, or hole, hap- 

 pening in the drefling or preparing of a piece of cloth, art- 

 fully fewed up or mended with filk. 



All fine-drawings are reputed defefts or blemiflies ; and 

 ought to be allowed for in the price of the piece. Hence, 

 M. Savary eftabliflies it as a rule, which is certainly founded 

 on natural equity, that every manufacturer mark the fine- 

 drawings of his cloth with a piece of packthread tied to 

 the lift ; to diredl the draper to the fpot : and that the 

 draper apprize the taylor, or other perfon to whom he 

 fells it, of the fame, that he may not come to damage 

 in the cutting ; there being inftances of drapers condemned 

 to take back their cloth, when cut to pieces, for omitting 

 to mention the fine-di'awings, and other flaws. 

 On this occafion, M. Savary extols the procedure of an 



R E N 



Enghlh merchant, who, fending a piece of cloth damaged 

 in one fpot, to his corrofpondent at Paris, put a piece of 

 gold in the damaged place, to make up the damage. But 

 as this example is perhaps \.\v: only one of its kind, that 

 author recommends it to the merchant, or draper, to unfold 

 all the pieces entirely, as they come to him ; to difcover the 

 fine-drawings, and other flaws, in order to make the clothier 

 accountable for them. 



RENTE RSHAUSEN, in Geography, a town of the 

 ducliy of Wnr/.burg ; 7 miles E. of Lauringen. 



RENTOWN, a town of Scotland, in Dumbartonftiire, 

 confiderable for its manufaftures ; 5 miles W. of Dum- 

 barton. 



RENTRE'E, Fr. in Mufc, a return to the fubjeft of a 

 mufical compofition, after a paufe, or fome excurflon or 

 deviation from the theme ; or in a fugue, an imitation of 

 fome particular paftagc or defign. 



RENTY, in Geography, a town of France, m the depart- 

 ment of the ftraits of Calais, on the Aa ; 9 miles S.S.W. 

 of St. Omer. 



RENTZ, a town of the ifland of Rugen ; 11 miles 

 S.S.W. of Bergen. 



RENUENTES, in Anatomy, a pair of mufcles of the 

 head, thus called as being antagonifts to the annuentes ; and 

 ferving to throw the head backward, with an air of refufal. 



From their fituation they are alfo called reftus capitis, 

 major et ramor. 



RENVERSE', Fr. in Mnfu. With refpea to intervals 

 inverted, this term is oppoled to direft. (See Direct.) 

 With refpeft to chords, it is oppofed to fundamental ; which 

 fee. 



Renverse', inverted, in Heraldry, is when any thing 

 is fet with the head downward, or contrary to its natural 

 way of ftanding : thus, a chevron renverfe is a chevron 

 with the point downwards. 



The fame term they alfo ufe when a beaft is laid on its 

 back. 



RENVERSED Volte. See Volte. 



RENVERSEMENT, Fr. in Mufc, an inverfion in 

 the order of founds which compofe the chords, and in the 

 parts which conftitute the harmony : which is done by 

 fubftituting, by oftaves, treble notes for the bafe, and bafe 

 notes for the treble. It is certain that every common 

 chord has a fundamental and natural order pointed out by 

 the harmonics of a fingle fl;ring, a great bell, or organ pipe. 

 (See Harmonics, and Resonance.) But the circum- 

 Itances of the fucceflion, tafte, expreflion, feleftion of notes 

 for melody, variety, approximation of the harmony, fre- 

 quently oblige a compofer to change this order, by invert- 

 ing the chords, and confequently the difpofition of the 

 parts. As any three things may be arranged in fix different 

 ways, and four things in twenty-four ways, it feems at firft 

 as if a common chord was fufceptible of fix changes, and 

 an accompanied difcord of twenty-four ; as the one is com- 

 pofed of three founds, and the other of four ; and that 

 the inverfion only confifts in the tranfpofition of oftaves. 

 But it muft be remembered, that in harmony a change in the 

 upper parts is not regarded as an inverfion, provided the 

 bafe or fundamental found remains the lowelt. Thus, thefe 

 two orders of founds, C;-^, or Cge, are not regarded as 

 inverfions of the harmony. And in the chord of the 7th 

 no change in the upper parts conltitutes an inverfion. 



As long as the fundamental found is the loweft part, the 

 order is direft. But when this order is changed, or the 

 fundamental found is given by tranfpofition to one of the 

 upper parts, the harmony is inverted. In whatever part 

 a difcord is prepared, it mull be refolved by the fsrae part ; 



a /h»rp 



