RES 



RES 



only to be opened and compared, to find refcripts of Trajan. 

 The refcripts of the emperor, his grants and decrees, his 

 edicts and pragmatic fan&ions, were fubfcribed in purple 

 ink, or a compound of vermilion and cinnabar ; and tranf- 

 mitted to the provinces as general or fpecial laws, which the 

 magiftrates were bound to execute, and the people to obey. 

 But as their number continually multiplied, the rule of obe- 

 dience became each day more doubtful and obfcure, till the 

 will of the fovereign was fixed and afcertained in the Gre- 

 gorian, Hermogenian, and the Theodofian codes. 



RESCUE. See RescoiJs. See alfo Distress, and 

 Disseisin. 



Rescue is one of thofe offences againft public juftice, 

 which confifls in the forcibly and knowingly freeing an- 

 other from an arreft or imprifonmcnt ; and it is generally 

 the fame offence in the ftranger fo refcuing, as it would 

 have been in a gaoler to have voluntarily permitted an efcape. 

 A refcue, therefore, of one apprehended for felony, is 

 felony ; for treafon, treafon ; and for a mifdemefnor, a mif- 

 demefnor alfo. But here likewife, as upon voluntary efcapes, 

 the principal muft firfl be attainted, or receive judgment 

 before the refcuer can be punifhed : and for the fame reafon ; 

 becaufe perhaps in fact it may turn out that there has been 

 no offence committed. By llatutc n Geo. II. c. 26. and 

 24 Geo. II. c. 40. if five or more perfons affen.ble to refcue 

 any retailers of fpirituous liquors, or to ailault the informers 

 againft them, it is felony, and fubject to tranfportation for 

 feven years. By the ftatute 16 Geo. II. c. 31, to convey 

 to any prifoner in cullody for treafon or felony any arms, 

 inltruments of efcape, or difguife, without the knowledge 

 of the gaoler, though no efcape be attempted, or any way 

 to affift fuch prifoner to attempt an efcape, though no efcape 

 be actually made, is felony, and fubjects the offender to 

 tranfportation for feven years : or if the prifoner be in 

 cullody for petit larceny, or other inferior offence, or charged 

 with a debt of 100/., it is then a mifdemefnor, punifhable 

 with fine and imprifonment. And by fcveral fpecial ftatutes, 

 to refcue, or attempt to refcue, any perfon committed for 

 the offences enumerated in thofe acts, is felony without 

 benefit of clergy ; and to refcue, or attempt to refcue, the 

 body of a felon executed for murder, is fingle felony, and 

 fubject to tranfportation for feven years. Nay, even if any 

 perfon be charged with any of the offences againft the 

 black aft, 9 Geo. I. c. 22, and, being required by order of 

 the privy council to furrender himfelf, neglects fo to do for 

 forty days, both he and all that knowingly conceal, aid, 

 abet, or fuccour him, are felons without benefit of clergy. 

 See Contempt. 



RESCUSSOR, in Law. See Rescous. 

 RESA, or Reze, in Geography, a town of France, 

 which runs into the Saudre, at Romorantin. 



RESEARCH, formed of the French, recherche, and lite- 

 rally denoting a fecoml fearch, a diligent fearch or enquiry 

 into any thing. 



Research, in Mufic, is a kind of prelude or voluntary 

 played on the organ, harplichord, violin, &c. in which the 

 compofer feems to fearch or look out for the ftrains and 

 touches of harmony, which he is to ufe in the regular piece 

 to be played afterwards. 



This is ufually done off-hand ; and confequently it re- 

 quires a mailer's {kill. When in a motetto, the compofer 

 takes the liberty to ufe any thing that comes into his head, 

 without applying any words to it, or fubjefting himfelf to 

 the fenfe or pafiion of it, the Italians call hfanta/ia ricercata, 

 the French recherche, and the Englilh refearch and voluntary. 

 RESEARCHING, in Sculpture, the repairing of a cad, 

 figure, &c. with proper tools ; or the finifhing it with art and 

 ••xa&nefs, fo as that the mimvtcit parts may be well defined. 



RESEDA, in Botany, a name which occurs in Pliny, 

 and is evidently derived from resedo, to allay or mitigate ; 

 fo that the fecond fyllable, vulgarly pronounced (hort, ought 

 to be long. Pliny reports that this herb is known in the 

 neighbourhood of Rimini, and is ufed for difperfing tumours, 

 and all kinds of inflammations. The perfon who applies 

 the medicine, fays " Refeda allay thefe difeafes," repeating 

 thefe words, with fome others, and fpitting as often. After 

 this account, the reader may not be anxious to know what 

 Pliny's Refeda was. We have certainly no more reafon to 

 believe it the fame as our's, than we have to rely on his 

 fapient prefcription. — Linn. Gen. 242. Schreb. 326. 

 Willd. Sp. PI. v. 2. 876. Mart. Mill. Did. v. 4. Sm. 

 Fl. Brit. 512. Prodr. Fl. Grsec. Sibth. v. 1. 322. Ait. 

 Hort. Kew. v. 3. 153. .lull. 245. Tourn. t. 238. La- 

 marck Illuftr. t. 410. Gaertn. t. 76. (Luteola ; Tourn. 

 t. 238. Sefamoides ; Tourn. t. 238.) — Clafs and order, 

 Dodecandria Trigynia. Nat. Ord. Mifcellaneiz, Linn. Cap- 

 parides, Juff. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of one leaf, deeply 

 divided into narrow, erect, permanent fegments, two of 

 which are further afunder than the reft, for the accommo- 

 dation of the honey-bearing petal. Cor. Petals feveral, un- 

 equal ; fome of them always cut half way down into three 

 fegments ; the upper one gibbous at the bafe, bearing 

 honey, the length of the calyx. Nectary a flat erect gland, 

 proceeding from the receptacle, fituated at the upper fide of 

 the flower, between the ilamens and uppermoft petal, con- 

 verging with the dilated bafe of the petals. Stam. Fila- 

 ments eleven or fifteen, fhort ; anthers erect, obtufe, the 

 length of the corolla. Pi/1. Germen gibbous, ending in 

 three or four very fhort ityles ; ftigmas fimple. Parte. 

 Capfule gibbous, angular, coriaceous, tipped with the 

 ftyles, and gaping at the fummit between them, of one 

 cell. Seeds numerous, kidney-fhaped, inferted into the an- 

 gles of the capfule. 



Obf. Linnaeus obferves, that there is fcarcely any genus 

 whofe character is more difficult to determine, both the 

 number and fhape of the parts being different in different 

 fpecies. The effential character confifls in the three-cleft 

 petals, one petal bearing honey at its bafe, and the cap- 

 fule not being clofed, but always gaping. 



R. Luteola has the perianth in four deep fegments ; petal.! 

 three, the upper, or honey-bearing one, cut half way down 

 into fix fegments ; the lateral ones oppofite, three-cleft ; to 

 which are often fubjoined, by nature or luxuriance, two 

 more, very fmall, undivided petals ; the Jlyles are three : 

 Jlamens numerous. 



R. alba has fix deep fegments in the perianth: petals fix, 

 nearly equal, all of them hqlf three-cleft ; Jlyles four ; cap- 

 fule with four angles ; Jlamens conllantly eleven. 



Some other fpecies have a deeply five-cleft perianth ; five 

 diffimilar three-cleft petals ; Jlyles three ; Jlamens numerous. 



♦£ff. Ch. Calyx of one leaf, deeply divided. Petals 

 laciniated. Capfule fuperior, gaping at the top, of one 

 cell, with many feeds. 



I. R. Luteola. Dyer's-weed, Yellow-weed, or Weld. 

 Linn. Sp. PI. 643. Willd. n. 1. Ait. n. 1. Fl. Brit, 

 n. I. Engl. Bot. t. 320. Mart. Ruft. t. 40. (Luteola ; 

 Ger. Em. 494. Pfeudoftruthium ; Matth. Valgr. v. 2. 

 643.) — Leaves lanceolate, undivided, flat. Calyx four- 

 cleft Native of wafle ground, rubbifh, banks, and old 



walls, chiefly about villages, in mod of the temperate parts 

 of Europe. About Norwich it is very common ; partly 

 perhaps from the difperfion of its feeds, in confequence of 

 the great ufe made of the cultivated herb, in the woollen 

 manufactory of that city, for dyeing yellow. The colour 

 it affords is very bright, and is efpecially ufeful for making 



a good 



