RESIDENCE. 



dence of vicars, in like manner as of reftors, the afore- 

 faid conftitutions were ordained. Sherl. ibid. p. 20, 21,22. 



By the 43 Geo. III. c. 84. no oath fhall be required of 

 or taken by any vicar in relation to refidence on his vicarage. 

 f. 37. 



Can. 47. Every beneficed man lieenfed by the laws of 

 this realm, upon urgent occafions of other lervice, not to 

 refide upon his benefice, fhall caufe his cure to be fupplied 

 by a curate that is a fufficient and lieenfed preacher, if the 

 worth of the benefice will bear it. But wlmfoever hath two 

 benefices, fhall maintain a preacher lieenfed in the benefice 

 where he doth not refide, except he preach himfelt at both 

 of them ufually. 



And by the lad article of archbifhop Wake's directions 

 it is required, that the bifhop fhall take care, as much as 

 pofliblc, that whofoever is admitted to ferve any cure, do 

 refide in the parifh where he is to ferve ; efpecially in livings 

 that are able to fupport a refident cure : and where that can- 

 not be done, that they do at at leaft refide fo near to the place, 

 that they may conveniently perform all their duties, both in 

 the church and parifh. 



By the 36 Geo. III. c. 83. the ordinary, befides ap- 

 pointing to curates an allowance not exceeding 75/. per aim. 

 may, on livings where the reftor or vicar does not personally 

 refide four months in the year at lealt, grant the ule of the 

 redlory or vicarage houfe, and the garden and -(table thereto 

 belonging, Such ufe to be granted to the faid curate for the 

 fpace of twelve calendar months by the authority of the 

 ordinary, under his hand and feal, with power in the faid 

 ordinary to renew and grant from time to time, or a fur- 

 ther fum, not exceeding 1 5/. per ann. in lieu of fuch houfe, 

 garden, and liable, in cafe there fiiall be none fuch, or it 

 fhall appear to him not to be convenient to allot and aflign 

 the fame to fuch curate. Provided that the faid houfe, 

 garden, and liable, fhall be for the ufe of the faid curate 

 and his family only during his actual refidence in the faid 

 reftory and vicarage houfe. Provided alfo, that the ordi- 

 nary fhall have power at any time under his hand and feal, to 

 revoke the grant to the faid curate of the faid houfe, 

 garden, and liable, or aHy of them, and alfo to infert in fuch 

 grant fuch terms and conditions to be obferved on the part 

 of the curate as he fhall think reafonable. 



By the faculty of difpenfation, a pluralift is required, in 

 that benefice from which he fhall happen to be molt abfent, 

 to preach thirteen fermons every year ; and to exercife hof- 

 pitahty for two months yearly, and for that time, according 

 to the fruits and profits thereof, as much as in him lietli, to 

 fupport and relieve the inhabitants of that parifh, efpecially 

 the poor and needy. 



By the 1 W. c. 26. if any perfon prefented or nomi- 

 nated by either of the univerfities to a popifh benefice with 

 cure, fhall be abfent from the fame above the fpace of lixty 

 days in any one year ; in fuch cafe, the faid benefice (hall be. 

 come void. Burn's Eccl. Law, art. Refidence. 



Residence, in Chemijlry, &c. the fettling, or what remains 

 of a liquor, or other fubflance, in the vefTel after the chief 

 part of it has been poured or taken out, to change the 

 manner of the operation on what is left. 



Residence, Country, in Ornamental Gardening, a rural 

 habitation, manfion, or other kind of place, where it, as 

 well as the ground which furrounds it, are formed and laid 

 out in fome fort of ornamental flyle. There have been a 

 great many ways of accomplilhing this propofed at dif; 

 ferent times, which have given rife to the variety of (lyles 

 that have prevailed at different periods ; but the avowedly 

 formal, and the affetledly graceful, are the two which have 

 been chiefly had recourfe to, according to the writer of the 



" Treatife on Country Refidences," before that of the fret, 

 charadleriilic, natural one, which he has fuggeited the in- 

 troduction of; which is confined to no particular ftyle or 

 mode, but which furnifhes and fupplies beauties and effects 

 which are fuitable to the fcene and fituation, whatever the 

 age or country may be from which they are borrowed, or 

 by whatever epithets they may be called or known. 



Suppofe a piece of ground containing from four to five 

 hundred acres, of which more than three hundred are to be 

 formed into a refidence ; that a brook may pafs through it, 

 partly among meadows or waftes of copfe and paiture, and 

 partly along the hedge fences ; that two farm-houfes, fome 

 cottages, and belts of planting may likewife appear ; that 

 the farm-houfe in the centre is on the higheft ground, which 

 defcends in varied and gentle dopes on every fide to the 

 margin of the brook, except toward a duller of cottages 

 upon the banks of it, where it abruptly terminates in a 

 wooded precipice of rocks or gravel, or fomething of a 

 fimilar kind. 



The manner of forming a refidence, in fuch a fituation, ac- 

 cording to the ancient formal llyle of a century ago, would, 

 in the firft place, have been to clear away every cottage, 

 hedge, and tree ; then to level down the precipice, and all 

 irregularities. After which to form it into fquare fields and 

 avenues, planting belts of trees between them. Two fmall 

 woods would have been placed on each fide of the houle, 

 and a large one near the garden. The water of the brook 

 would have been introduced through a conduit, to an ob- 

 long canal ; from that to two round bafins in the central 

 garden ; thence to another oblong canal anfwering to the 

 firft. From that, under ground, as before, to two ponds 

 in the large wood ; after which to be carried by the fide of 

 the outer ftrip of plantation until it rejoined the former 

 canal. The other parts are not very material. But it may 

 be noticed that the Surrounding fields would have nothing 

 done to them, but the removal of the cottages, and the belt 

 of planting, which would otherwife have clofed the view 

 from the avenue. The fhort avenues would probably be 

 continued tltrough the fields in Single rows of trees. 



And according to the affe&edly graceful, or more modern 

 flyle of Brown and his followers, the Same portion of land 

 would have been laid cut by means of clearing, levelling, 

 and fmoothing the irregularities of the furface in the firft. 

 inftance, only leaving a finglr fmall cottage properly hidden 

 by the belt of planting. The houfe would be built on the 

 higheft part of the ground. The whole of the offices funk 

 under or below it, with the exception of the (tables ; and 

 the part of the houfe which is feen, in the form of a cube, 

 with a large front, vifible only on the tide on which is the 

 approach. The brook elevated upon the fide of the rifing 

 ground, and formed into a dill river, with cafcades and iflands, 

 which are capable oS being Seen all round from *he houfe. 

 The park furrounded with a belt, inclofing a ride or drive 

 within this, the whole diverfified with clumps oS various 

 fizes, but moftly fimilar in fhape. The park fed with deer, 

 fheep, and cattle, and the more confiderable fpaces in the 

 drive, with the whole of the pleafure ground, regularly 

 mown. Buildings would be introduced m various places in 

 the drives as well as the park. The approach and walks 

 formed in different turns and windings, and the pleafure 

 ground, and kitchen garden, in a regular manner, the latter 

 moftly in the perfectly fquare form. From each of the 

 drives, the approach, walks, and the plealure ground, the 

 objefts of view are either the ornamental buildings or the 

 jiianfion, viitas being made in all places from the one to the 

 other; the belt excludes the whole of the diftant country 

 from the lower parts of the ground, and the clumps from 

 9 the 



