II E S 



The houfe of lords judge in the lad reffort, en dernier ef- 

 fort. Prefidials judge in the lad reflort of all criminals 

 profecnted by the provofts of the marlhals. See Dernier 

 relfort. 



RESSORT, or Refort, is alfo ufed in a writ of ay el, or 

 coufenage, in the fame fenfe as defcent, in a writ of right. 



RESSOURCE, or RESOURCE, a term purely French, 

 yet ufed by Engiifh writers to denote a means or foundation 

 of a man's recovering himfelf from his fall or ruin ; or an 

 after-game for the repairing of his damages. 



Skinner derives the word from the French refoudre, to re- 

 fold:. A r fource Illicitly and literally expreffes a means 

 which prefents itfelf afrefti. 



This merchant has credit and friends Mill left ; he has 

 great refources. 



REST, QlUES, in Pl.yfus, the continuance of a body in 

 the fame place ; or its continual application or contiguity to 

 the fame parts of the ambient and contiguous bodies. See 

 Stage. 



Red is either abfolute or relative, as place is. See Place. 



Some define reil the (late of a thing without motion ; and 

 hence again reft becomes either abfolute or relative, as mo- 

 tion is. See Motion-. 



Sir Ifaac Newton defines true or abfolute reft to be the 

 continuance of a body in the fame part of abfolute and im- 

 moveable fpace ; and relative reft to be the continuance of a 

 body in the fame part of relative fp?ce. 



Thus, in a (hip under fail, relative reft is the continuance 

 of a body in the fame region of the (hip, or the fame part 

 of its cavity. True or abfolute reft is its continuance in 

 the fame part of univerfal fpace, in which the (hip, with its 

 cavity and contents, are all contained. 



Hence, if the earth be really and abfolutely at reft, the 

 body relatively at reft in the (hip will really and abfolutely 

 move, and that with the velocity with which the veffel moves. 

 But if the earth do likewife move, there will then arife a real 

 and abfolute motion of the body at reft ; partly from the 

 real motion of the earth in abfolute fpace, and partly from 

 tlie relative motion of the (hip on the fea. Lallly, if the 

 body be likewife relatively moved in the (hip, its real motion 

 will arife partly from the real motion of the earth in im- 

 moveable fpace, and partly from the relative motion of the 

 (hip on the fea, and of the body in the (hip. 



Thus, if that part of the earth, where the (hip is, move 

 eaftward with a velocity of 10,010 parts, and the veffel be 

 carried by the wind weflward ten parts, and, at the fame 

 time, a feaman aboard walk with the velocity of one part, 

 the feaman will be moved really and abfolutely in immove- 

 able fpace eaftward, with io.oqi parts of velocity ; and re- 

 latively on the earth, with nine parts of velocity weftwards. 



It is an axiom in philofophy, that matter is indifferent as 

 to reft or motion. Hence fir Ifaac Newton lays it down as 

 a law of Nature, that every body perfeveres in its (late, 

 either of reft or uniform motion, except fo far as it is dif- 

 turbed by external caules. 



The Cartefians will have firmnefs, hardnefs, or folidity of 

 bodies to conlilt in this, that their parts are at reft with 

 regard to each other ; and this reft they ellablilh as the great 

 nexus, or principle of cohefion, by which the parts are con- 

 nr'.i 1 together. 



Fluidity, they add, confifts in a perpetual motion of the 

 parts, &c. But the Newtonian philofophy furniflies us with 

 much better dilutions. See Solidity, Fluidity, and Co- 



11 I'M ON. 



Monfieur de Maupertuis afl. its, that when bodies are in 

 cquilibrio, they mull be fo litu iled, that, if any fmall mo- 

 tion be imprelTed on them, the quantity of adion rciulting 



li i: S 



will be the lead poflible. This he calls the law of reft, and 

 from this law he deduces the fundamental propofition of 

 ftatics. See Mem. de l'Acad. de Berlin, torn. ii. p. 294. 



Monfieur de Maupertuis deduces the laws of percuflion 

 from the fame principle. See Quantity of A< 1 tON. 



Rest, Repofe, or Paufe, in Poetry, is ufed for the csefura,- 

 which, in Alexandrine verfes, fails on the fixth fylhble ; 

 and, in verfes of ten or eleven fyllables, on the fourth. 



The reft fhould never fall on a monofyllable, on which the 

 voice may not dwell : it is called reft, becaufe the ear and 

 the pronunciation have both a repofe, or refpite. 



Rest, in Military Language, a kind of fork to fupport 

 muikets, when prefented in order to fire. Sometimes thefe 

 reils were armed with a contrivance called a f wine's feather, 

 which was a fort of fword-blade, or tuck, that iffued from 

 the llaff of the red, at the head : this, being placed before 

 the mufqueteers when loading, ferved, like the Hakes 

 placed before the archers, to keep off the cavalry. See 

 Musket. 



Refts were of different lengths, according to the heights 

 of the men who were to ufe them ; they were fhod with (harp 

 iron ferrils, for (licking them into the ground, and were, on 

 the march, when the muflcet was fhouldered, carried in 

 the right hand, or hung upon it, by means of a firing or 

 loop tied under the head. 



Rest Arms, To, is to bring the firelock to the fame pofi- 

 tion as in prefent arms. 



To Rest vpon reverfed Arms. At military funerals the 

 arms are reverfed : on which occafions, the foldiers belong- 

 ing to the firing party, reft upon the butt ends of their fire- 

 locks, while the funeral fervice is performed, leaning with 

 their cheeks fo as to turn from the corpfe ; and the word of 

 command is " Reft upon your arms reverfed." 



Rest, in Tilting Armour. See Tilting Armour. 



Rest, in Mufic, is a paufe, or interval of time, during 

 which there is an intermiffion of the voice, or found. 



Refts are fomelimes ufed in melody, that is, in mufic of 

 a fingle part, to exprefs fome fimple paflion, or even for va- 

 riety fake ; but more frequently in harmony, or compofi- 

 tionsof feveral parts, for the fake of the pleafure of hearing 

 one part move on while another refts, and this inter- 

 changeably. 



Refts are either for a whole bar, or more than a bar, or 

 but for a part of a bar. When the reft is for a part, it is 

 exprefled by certain figns, corresponding to the quantity of 

 certain notes of time ; as minim, crotchet, &c; and is ac- 

 cordingly called minim- reft, crotchet-reft, &c. 



The characters or figures of which, fee under Characters 

 of Mufic, where the notes and corresponding refts are found 

 together. 



When any one of thole characters occurs, cither on a line 

 or fpace, that part is always filent for the time of a minim, 

 or crotchet, &c. Sometimes a reft is for a crotchet and 

 quaver together, or for other quantities of time for which 

 there is no particular note ; in which cafe the Sens of lilonce 

 are not refts, but fuch Hence is exprefled by placing toge- 

 ther as many reft . >>t different tune, as mate up the de- 

 ligned reft. When the reft is for a whole liar, the femi- 

 breve reft is always ufed. 1 1 the reft be for tv , it 



1 . marked by a line drawm acrofs a whole fpace. For th 

 meafures it is drawn acrofs a fpace and a half, and, for four 

 meafures, acrofs two fpaces. But, to prevent ambiguity, 

 the number of bars is ulually writ! n ovi 



Some of the more ancient writers in niulic make t! 

 refts of different valueindifl rent fpecii • "t time, 



character of a minim-rell, in common tunc, lay they, ex- 

 prelles the reft of three crotchets in triple time ; in that of 

 V the 



