R E S 



RES 



the triples -%, -J, Sr» -{-J, it always marks a half-meafure, 

 how different foever thefe may be among themfelves. 



They add, that the reft of a crotchet in common time is 

 a reft of three quavers in the triple J, and that the quaver- 

 reft of common time is equal to three femiquavers in the triple 

 t^s-. But this variety in the ufe of the fame character is now 

 laid afide. Malcolm's Treat, of Mufic, p. 409, &c. 



Franco, the inventor of mufical characters for time, com- 

 monly aferibed to John de Maris, in the fourth chapter of 

 his traft in the Bodleian library, entitled " Ars Cantus Men- 

 furabilis," fays, " as the founds in each mood are expreffed 

 by different notes or figures, and as difcant itfelf is as much 

 regulated by fiknce as by found, it will be neceffary to treat 

 not only of the figns or reprefentatives of founds, but of 

 their equivalent reftsor paufes." 



But though Magifter Franco may have invented the firft 

 time-table, confifting of full or black notes ; John de Muris 

 feems to have arranged the fecond time-table, confiding of 

 void or open notes, from the maxima to the minim. And 

 in Morley's time, the notes were multiplied and accelerated 

 to the femiquaver, with their equivalent refts. See the third 

 Time-table. 



R.EST-Harrow, in Botany. See Ononis. 

 RESTAUR, Restor, in Ancient Cujloms, the remedy or 

 recourfe which aflurers have againit each other, according 

 to the date of their affurances ; or againft the mailers, if the 

 average arife through their default ; as through ill loading, 

 want of caulking, or want of having the veffel tight. 



The word is alfo ufed for the remedy, or recourfe, a per- 

 fon has againft his guarantee, or other perfon, who is to 

 indemnify him from any damage fuftained. Hence rcjlau- 

 rant and reftauration. In the lower Latin they alfo ufe the 

 words re/lor and reftaur. 



REST AU RATION, Restauratio, Rejloration, the 

 aft of re-eftabli(hi;:g, or fetting a thing in its former good 

 eftate. 



Thus we fay, the reftauration of a minor to the poffeflion 

 of his effefts, alienated in the time of his minority. In the 

 French laws it is an ancient formula, ufed for thereftoring a 

 perfon to his good name, after he has been wrongfully ac- 

 cufed and condemned. 



In England we fay the Rejlauration or Rejloration, by way 

 of eminence, for the return of king Charles II. in 1660, 

 after the civil wars. 



The 29th of May is an anniverfary feftival, appointed 

 to be held in commemoration of the reftoration of regal and 

 spifcopal government, by ftat. 12 Car. II. c. 14. 



We (hall here obferve, that the form of prayer for the 

 29th of May, as well as for the 30th of January, were of a 

 different complexion in the reign of king Charles II. from 

 the prefent, of which the reafon is faid to be this : the par- 

 liament and other leading men, who were aftive in his reftor- 

 ation, and who had been concerned in oppofing his father's 

 meafures, would not be called traitors ; and required that 

 a diftinftion mould be made between the commencement of 

 the war and the conclusion of it ; they would not fufftr the 

 firft opposition made to the meafures of that unhappy 

 prince to be ftyled rebellion, though they difapproved of 

 the abolition of regal government which enfued. 



And accordingly the offices for thefe two folemnities 

 were drawn up, without any reflection on the firft authors 

 or promoters of the oppofition, and, in general, breathe 

 more a fpirit of piety than of party, of humiliation than of 

 revenge ; and, throughout, are modeft, grave, decent, fen- 

 fible, and devout. King James II. altered thefe forms, and 

 king William did not venture to reduce them to their primi- 



tive ftate ; and fo they have continued, with very little varra- 

 tion, to this day. 



There is no order in either of thefe offices for a fermon or 

 homily on this day ; and in the office of Charles II., there is 

 no direftion for a lermon or homily on the 30th of January : 

 butbytheofficeofJamesII.it is required that on the faid 30th 

 day of January fhall be read the firft and fecond parts of the 

 homily againft difobedience and wilful rebellion, or elfe the 

 minifter (hall preach a fermon of his own compofing upon 

 the fame argument. The 29th of May is not a holiday in 

 any of the law-offices, and confequently no officer can take 

 an extraordinary fee for bufinefs done on that day. 7 Term 

 Rep. 163. 



By 12 Car. II. c. 14. it is enafted, to the end that all 

 perfons may be reminded of their duty on the 29th of May, 

 and be the better prepared to difcharge the fame with that 

 piety and devotion which become them, that every minifter 

 (hall give notice to his parifhioners publicly in the church 

 at morning prayer, the Lord's day next before fuch 29th day 

 of May, for the due obfervation of the faid day, and (hall 

 then likewife publicly and diftinftly read this prefent aft to 

 the people. 



RestauRATION, in Architecture, the aft of repairing all 

 the parts of a building gone to decay, either through the 

 courfe of time, or other injuries ; in fuch manner, as that it 

 is not only re-eftablifhed in its firft form, but confiderably 

 augmented. 



It is evident, from the plinths of the Corinthian columns 

 of the Pantheon (which are almoft wholly under ground), 

 that the pavement of this temple is only a reftauration made 

 in the time of Septimius Severus. Daviler. 



The temple of Concord, behind the Capitol at Rome, 

 having been burnt long after it was built, and having angular 

 bafes different from the reft, feems to have been reftored 

 from the ruins of feveral ancient buildings. 



Restauration, in Sculpture, is the repairing of a mu« 

 tilated ftatue, &c. See Repairing. 



Mod of the antique ftatues have undergone a reftauration ; 

 as the Farnefe Hercules, the Faunus in the Villa Borghefe 

 at Rome, the Wreftlers in the gallery of the great duke of 

 Florence, the Venus of Aries, in the gallery at Verfailles. 

 But thefe reftaurations have all been made by the ableft 

 fculptors. Daviler. 



RESTIACEjE, in Botany, a natural order of plants, 

 firft feparated from the Junci of Juffieu by Mr. Brown, 

 Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. 1. 243, and named from one of its 

 chief genera ; fee Restio. The charafters are thefe. 



Perianth unconnected, deeply divided into from two to 

 fix fegments, or rather of fo many leaves ; rarely wanting. 

 Corolla none. Stamens definite, from one to fix ; when they 

 are two or three, in a four or fix-cleft perianth, they are op- 

 pofite to its inner leaves. Germen of one or feveral cells, 

 each cell containing one pendulous feed, except in Xyris t 

 whofe feeds are numerous. Pericarp either capfular, or 

 amentaceous. Seeds inverted. Albumen fhaped like the feed. 

 Embryo lenticular, fituated in the lower end of the feed, 

 oppolite to its fear, at the outfide of the albumen. 



Plants herbaceous or fomewhat (hrubby, almoft all exotic 

 with refpeft to Britain, and even Europe. Leaves fimple, 

 narrow, in fome cafes wanting. Stems naked, but often fur- 

 nifhed with (heathing fcales, cloven at one fide, imbricated, 

 or equitant, at the other. Flowers for the moil part ag- 

 gregate, fpiked or capitate, feparated by bratleas, the Jlamens 

 and Jlyles generally in feparate individuals. 



This order is diftinguiftied from the Junci, by having the 

 embryo external, and contrary to the fear ; from the Com- 

 melinct of Brown, by the figure of that part, ai»d its not 



being 



